About this tool

External links and resources

Online publications - management

Oregon StateState:
The basic component or distinct phase of a Lucid feature or character that can be observed, measured, or otherwise assessed.
University. Pacific Northwest nursery IPM. Snails/slugs. http://oregonstate.edu/dept/nurspest/slugs.htm

University of California. Agriculture and Natural Resources. UC IPM Online. Snails and slugs: Integrated pest management for home gardeners and landscape professionals. http://www.ipm.ucdavis.edu/PMG/PESTNOTES/pn7427.html

University of Florida. Terrestrial slugs of Florida (Mollusca: Stylommatophora: Veronicellidae, Philomycidae, Agriolimacidae and Limacidae). EENY-493 (IN891). http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/in891

Keys

Discover Life: MolluscMollusc:
Common name for animals in the phylum Mollusca. These are invertebrate animals, which have soft unsegmented bodies and may or may not possess a shell. This group includes gastropods (slugs and snails), cephalopods (octopus) and bivalves (clams, oysters).
identification guide: http://www.discoverlife.org/20/q?guide=Molluscs

Identification guide to the land snails and slugs of western Washington: http://academic.evergreen.edu/projects/ants/TESCBiota/mollusc/key/webkey.htm

Jacksonville ShellShell:
A hard, inflexible, calcareous or chitinous structure that vary in size and may either completely encasing the animal, covering some part of it or be internal.
Club. http://www.jaxshells.org/

Key to the genera of introduced and native land snails and slugs in Canada

Key to the snails of the Bristol Region: http://www.brerc.eclipse.co.uk/files/BRERC_snail_key.pdf

Key to the terrestrial gastropods of British Columbia: http://www.livinglandscapes.bc.ca/cbasin/molluscs/pdf/mollusc3.pdf

Land snails and slugs of Canada: http://www.mollus.ca/index.htm

Land snails of Pennsylvania: http://www.carnegiemnh.org/mollusks/palandsnails/

Mollus.ca: http://www.mollus.ca/index.htm

North American Land Snails: northamericanlandsnails.com/

Pacific Northwest ShellShell:
A hard, inflexible, calcareous or chitinous structure that vary in size and may either completely encasing the animal, covering some part of it or be internal.
Club: www.pnwsc.org

Slugs: A guide to the invasive and native fauna of California: http://ucanr.org/freepubs/docs/8336.pdf

Tree snails (of Florida), Drymaeus, Orthalicus, Liguus spp (Gastropoda: Bulimulidae): http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/in305

Other useful resources

Barker, G.M. (ed.) 2001. The biology of terrestrial molluscs. CABI Publishing, Wallingford, UK. pp558

Barker, G.M. (ed.) 2002. Molluscs as crop pests. CABI Publishing, Wallingford, UK. pp 468

Barker, G.M. (ed.) 2004. Natural enemies of terrestrial molluscs. CABI Publishing, Wallingford, UK. pp 644

Burch, J.B. 1962. How to Know the Eastern Land Snails. Wm. C. Brown Company Publishers, Dubuque, Iowa. pp 214

Cowie, R.H., R.T. Dillion Jr, D.G. Robinson and J.W. Smith. 2009. Alien non-marine snails and slugs of priority quarantine importance in the United States: a preliminary risk Assessment. American Malacological Bulletin 27: 113-132.

Forsyth, R.G. 2004. Royal BC museum handbook: land snails of British Columbia. Victoria, Canada: Royal BC Museum.

Godan, D. 1983. Pest slugs and snails. Biology and control. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.

Grimm, F.W., R.G. Frosyth, F.W. Scheler and A. Karstad. 2009. Indentifying land snails and slugs in Canada. Introduced species and native genera. Canada Food Inspection Agency. Ottawa, ON.

Hubricht, L. 1985. The distributions of the native land mollusks of the eastern United States. Fieldiana (Zoology) New Series 24. pp 191

McDonnell, R., T. Paine and M. J. Gormally. 2009. Slugs: A Guide to the Invasive and Native Fauna of California. Oakland: University of California Agriculture and Natural Resources Publ. 8336.

Pilsbry, H. A. 1939. Land Mollusca of North America north of Mexico vol. I part 1. Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia. pp 1-574

Pilsbry, H. A. 1940. Land Mollusca of North America north of Mexico vol. I part 2. Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia. pp 575-994

Pilsbry, H. A. 1946. Land Mollusca of North America north of Mexico vol. II part 1. Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia. pp 1-520

Pilsbry, H. A. 1948. Land Mollusca of North America north of Mexico vol. II part 2. Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia. pp 521-1113

Robinson, D.G. 1999. Alien invasions: the effects of the global economy on non-marine gastropodGastropod:
A single-shelled mollusc.
introductions into the United States. Malacologia 41: 413-438.

South, A. 1992. Terrestrial slugs: biology, ecology and control. Chapman and Hall, London. pp 428 pp