Lolium perenne subsp. multiflorum

Species category

Agricultural, Turf

Common name

annual ryegrass, Italian ryegrass

Diagnostic characters

Planting unit

CaryopsisCaryopsis:
The single-seeded fruit or grain of the grass family (Poaceae); the fruit wall (pericarp) is united with the seed coat (testa).

Shape

Lanceolate

Size

  • Length 5–6 mm
  • Width 1.5–1.8 mm
  • Thickness 0.8–1 mm

Color

Light brown

Texture

Minutely granularGranular:
Resembling or consisting of small grains or particles.

Lemma

Fragile awnAwn:
A narrow, bristle-like organ, as on the glumes or lemmas of grasses (Poaceae).
(usually broken off); truncate base with straight callusCallus:
The hard base of grass florets or spikelets, just above the point of disarticulation.
.

Palea

About the same length as lemmaLemma:
One of two bracts of the grass floret; it is located on the side nearest the embryo and opposite the rachilla.
; serrate teeth on margins; sometimes fully exposed.

Other structures

RachillaRachilla:
The axis of a spikelet.
is flat or strap-like. CallusCallus:
The hard base of grass florets or spikelets, just above the point of disarticulation.
is straight.

Identification notes

This species is very similar to Lolium perenne except that the surface of L. ssp. multiflorum is not as smooth, and an occasional awnAwn:
A narrow, bristle-like organ, as on the glumes or lemmas of grasses (Poaceae).
can be found. Sides of the floretFloret:
A small flower in a clustered inflorescence (e.g., sunflower, grasses). In grasses, a floret consists of the lemma, palea, stamens, and pistil.
tend to be parallel. RachillaRachilla:
The axis of a spikelet.
is flat.

Noxious weed seed categories

Not listed

AOSA examination list

Included

Nomenclature

Family

Poaceae

Valid name

Lolium perenne L. subsp. multiflorum (Lam.) Husnot

Synonyms

Lolium multiflorum Lam. 
Lolium multiflorum Lam. var. diminutum Mutel 
Lolium multiflorum Lam. ssp. italicum (A. Braun) Schinz & R. Keller 
Lolium multiflorum Lam. var. muticum DC.
Lolium perenne L. var. aristatum Willd. 
Lolium perenne L. ssp. italicum (A. Braun) Husnot
Lolium perenne L. var. multiflorum (Lam.) Parnell

From Left to Right: 1.  Lolium perenne  ssp.  multiflorum  2.  Lolium perenne  3.  Lolium persicum  4.  Lolium temulentum . Caryopses with a flat rachilla.
From Left to Right: 1. Lolium perenne ssp. multiflorum 2. Lolium perenne 3. Lolium persicum 4. Lolium temulentum. Caryopses with a flat rachilla.
 Lolium perenne ssp. multiflorum.  Florets with no awns and shiny palea and lemma surfaces.
Lolium perenne ssp. multiflorum. Florets with no awns and shiny palea and lemma surfaces.