Setaria parviflora

Species category

Weed

Common name

marsh bristlegrass, knotroot bristlegrass, yellow bristlegrass

Diagnostic characters

Planting unit

FloretFloret:
A small flower in a clustered inflorescence (e.g., sunflower, grasses). In grasses, a floret consists of the lemma, palea, stamens, and pistil.

Shape

OvateOvate:
Egg-shaped with basal end the broadest.

Size

  • Length 2–2.5 mm
  • Width 1–1.2 mm
  • Thickness 0.7–0.8 mm

Color

Yellow to brown

Texture

TransverseTransverse:
Set crosswise, crossing or at right angles.
ridges on both lemmaLemma:
One of two bracts of the grass floret; it is located on the side nearest the embryo and opposite the rachilla.
and paleaPalea:
One of the thin bracts of grass floret enclosing the fruit (caryopsis) that is located on the side opposite the embryo.

Lemma

Hard, arched and with U-shaped line over the embryoEmbryo:
A rudimentary plant contained in a seed, usually consisting of a more or less differentiated axis and attached cotyledon(s).

Palea

Hard, flat with shiny edges not showing

Other structures

Papery glumesGlume:
The pair of chaffy bracts that occur at the base of a grass spikelet, often completely enclosing it.
are sometimes present.

Identification notes

The second glumeGlume:
The pair of chaffy bracts that occur at the base of a grass spikelet, often completely enclosing it.
is three-fourths the length of the lemmaLemma:
One of two bracts of the grass floret; it is located on the side nearest the embryo and opposite the rachilla.
. The floretFloret:
A small flower in a clustered inflorescence (e.g., sunflower, grasses). In grasses, a floret consists of the lemma, palea, stamens, and pistil.
is somewhat narrow compared to other species of Setaria. The edges of the paleaPalea:
One of the thin bracts of grass floret enclosing the fruit (caryopsis) that is located on the side opposite the embryo.
are covered by the lemmaLemma:
One of two bracts of the grass floret; it is located on the side nearest the embryo and opposite the rachilla.
.

Noxious weed seed categories

Not listed

AOSA examination list

Included

Nomenclature

Family

Poaceae

Valid name

Setaria parviflora (Poir.) Kerguélen

Synonyms

Chaetochloa geniculata (Lam.) Millsp. & Chase
Chaetochloa imberbis (Poir.) Scribn.
Panicum geniculatum
Lam.
Setaria geniculata (Wild.) P. Beauv., nom. illeg.
Setaria gracilis
Kunth

 Setaria parviflora.  Florets with the second glume are three-fourths the length of the lemma. 
Setaria parviflora. Florets with the second glume are three-fourths the length of the lemma. 
 Setaria parviflora.  Florets often with papery glumes. Photo by Julia Scher, USDA-APHIS-PPQ.
Setaria parviflora. Florets often with papery glumes. Photo by Julia Scher, USDA-APHIS-PPQ.
 Setaria parviflora.  Florets with the edges of the palea being covered by the lemma. Photo by Julia Scher, USDA-APHIS-PPQ.
Setaria parviflora. Florets with the edges of the palea being covered by the lemma. Photo by Julia Scher, USDA-APHIS-PPQ.