Helianthus annuus (cultivated)

Species category

Agricultural, Flower

Common name

common sunflower

Diagnostic characters

Planting unit

AcheneAchene:
A dry, hard, one-chambered, one-seeded indehiscent fruit, as in buckwheat (Fagopyrum) or sunflower (Helianthus). The fruit wall is not united with the seed coat.

Shape

ObovateObovate:
Inverted egg shaped with apical end the broadest.

Size

  • Length 9–13 mm
  • Width 5–7 mm
  • Thickness 4–6 mm

Color

White to black with various degrees of striping

Texture

Smooth

Other structures

BasalBasal:
The base of the fruit or seed opposite the apical end.
scar is rounded with apicalApical:
The distal end of the fruit or seed away from the point of attachment or attachment scar.
shoulders.

Identification notes

AchenesAchene:
A dry, hard, one-chambered, one-seeded indehiscent fruit, as in buckwheat (Fagopyrum) or sunflower (Helianthus). The fruit wall is not united with the seed coat.
are obovateObovate:
Inverted egg shaped with apical end the broadest.
with no obvious apicalApical:
The distal end of the fruit or seed away from the point of attachment or attachment scar.
rim. Color varies from white to black with various arrangements of white and black striping in between. Scar is basalBasal:
The base of the fruit or seed opposite the apical end.
.

Noxious weed seed categories

State Noxious Weed: Iowa

AOSA examination list

Included

More information

For more information, see ISMA fact sheet.

Nomenclature

Family

Asteraceae

Valid name

Helianthus annuus L. (cultivated)

Synonyms

Helianthus annuus L. ssp. jaegeri (Heiser) Heiser
Helianthus annuus L. ssp. lenticularis (Douglas ex Lindl.) Cockerell
Helianthus annuus L. var. lenticularis (Douglas ex Lindl.) Steyerm.
Helianthus annuus L. var. macrocarpus (DC.) Cockerell
Helianthus annuus L. ssp. texanus Heiser
Helianthus annuus L. var. texanus (Heiser) Shinners
Helianthus aridus Rydb.
Helianthus lenticularis Douglas ex Lindl.

From Left to Right: 1.  Helianthus annuus  (cult.) 2.  Helianthus annuus  (wild) 3.  Helianthus petiolaris
From Left to Right: 1. Helianthus annuus (cult.) 2. Helianthus annuus (wild) 3. Helianthus petiolaris
 Helianthus annuus  (cultivated). Achenes are white to black with various degrees of striping.
Helianthus annuus (cultivated). Achenes are white to black with various degrees of striping.