Hundreds of specimens were examined during the construction of Noctuidae of Hawaiʻi. Adults were used to study wing pattern, male and female genitalia, and secondary sexual structures. Larvae were used to study chaetotaxy along with other morphological features. All specimens examined are deposited in the University of Hawaiʻi Insect Museum (UHIM).
All dissections and photographs of genitalia were produced by the author. Please contact the author for more information about specific dissections and locality information. Because of differing methods, the age or condition of some specimens dissected, and mounting artifacts, dissections may appear different than in other resources consulted. In males, the vesica was not everted; however, sufficient differences exist in nearly all species to allow for quick identifications without everting the vesica.
All preserved larvae are deposited in the University of Hawaiʻi Insect Museum and were photographed by the author except where noted. Please contact the author for more information about specific larvae and locality information.
Author: Kyhl A. Austin
Content last updated May 2026
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