Elymus repens

Species category

Weed

Common name

quackgrass

Diagnostic characters

Planting unit

FloretFloret:
A small flower in a clustered inflorescence (e.g., sunflower, grasses). In grasses, a floret consists of the lemma, palea, stamens, and pistil.

Shape

Lanceolate

Size

  • Length 8 mm
  • Width 1.5 mm
  • Thickness 1 mm

Color

Brown

Texture

Smooth and glabrousGlabrous:
Lacking hairs or pubescence.

Lemma

Often awned; hump just above callusCallus:
The hard base of grass florets or spikelets, just above the point of disarticulation.
.

Palea

Longitudinal ridge up the center; coarse, spaced teeth on the margins.

Other structures

Long-pointed glumesGlume:
The pair of chaffy bracts that occur at the base of a grass spikelet, often completely enclosing it.
longer than the basal floretFloret:
A small flower in a clustered inflorescence (e.g., sunflower, grasses). In grasses, a floret consists of the lemma, palea, stamens, and pistil.
; rachillaRachilla:
The axis of a spikelet.
sinus is U-shaped.

Identification notes

Look for strongly spaced paleaPalea:
One of the thin bracts of grass floret enclosing the fruit (caryopsis) that is located on the side opposite the embryo.
margin teeth, a ridge up the center of the paleaPalea:
One of the thin bracts of grass floret enclosing the fruit (caryopsis) that is located on the side opposite the embryo.
, a hump at the base of the lemmaLemma:
One of two bracts of the grass floret; it is located on the side nearest the embryo and opposite the rachilla.
, and a parallel-sided rachillaRachilla:
The axis of a spikelet.
that terminates in a U-shaped sinus. GlumesGlume:
The pair of chaffy bracts that occur at the base of a grass spikelet, often completely enclosing it.
are pointed and have lumps where they join at the base.

Noxious weed seed categories

State Noxious Weed: Alaska, Alabama, Arizona, California, Colorado, Connecticut, D.C., Delaware, Florida, Hawaii, Idaho, Illinois, Iowa, Kentucky, Massachusetts, Maryland, Maine, Minnesota, Missouri, Mississippi, Montana, North Carolina, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, Vermont, Wisconsin, West Virginia, Wyoming 

Federal: This species is actionable only when found in field or vegetable seed for planting; toleranceTolerance:
The amount by which a second test may differ from a first test without being attributed to an actual difference in seed quality. Tolerances are usually based on normal random variation, or sampling error.
applies, see (7 CFR 361.6(a)(2)).

Learn more on ITP's Federal Noxious Weed Disseminules tool, listed under Elytrigia repens.

AOSA examination list

Included

More information

For more information, see ISMA fact sheet.

Nomenclature

Family

Poaceae

Valid name

Elymus repens (L.) Gould

Synonyms

Agropyron repens (L.) P. Beauv.
Agropyron repens (L.) P. Beauv. var. subulatum (Schreb.) Roem. & Schult.
Elytrigia repens (L.) Desv. ex Nevski
Elytrigia repens (L.) Desv. ex Nevski var. vaillantiana (Wulfen & Schreb.) Prokudin
Elytrigia vaillantiana (Wulfen & Schreb.) Beetle T
riticum repens
L.
Triticum vaillantianum Wulfen & Schreb.

 Elymus repens.  Florets with a strongly spaced palea margin teeth, a ridge up the center of the palea, a hump at the base of the lemma, and a parallel-sided rachilla that terminates in a U-shaped sinus. Photo by Julia Scher, USDA-APHIS-PPQ.
Elymus repens. Florets with a strongly spaced palea margin teeth, a ridge up the center of the palea, a hump at the base of the lemma, and a parallel-sided rachilla that terminates in a U-shaped sinus. Photo by Julia Scher, USDA-APHIS-PPQ.
 Elymus repens.  Florets with pointed glumes that have lumps where they join at the base. Photo by Julia Scher, USDA-APHIS-PPQ.
Elymus repens. Florets with pointed glumes that have lumps where they join at the base. Photo by Julia Scher, USDA-APHIS-PPQ.
 Elymus repens.  Spikelet. Photo by Julia Scher, USDA-APHIS-PPQ.
Elymus repens. Spikelet. Photo by Julia Scher, USDA-APHIS-PPQ.
 Elymus repens.  Smooth and glabrous florets.
Elymus repens. Smooth and glabrous florets.
 Elymus repens.  Florets with strongly spaced palea margin teeth, a ridge up the center of the palea, a hump at the base of the lemma, and a parallel-sided rachilla that terminates in a U-shaped sinus. 
Elymus repens. Florets with strongly spaced palea margin teeth, a ridge up the center of the palea, a hump at the base of the lemma, and a parallel-sided rachilla that terminates in a U-shaped sinus.