Solanum nigrum

Species category

Weed

Common name

black nightshade, deadly nightshade, garden nightshade

Diagnostic characters

Planting unit

True seedTrue seed:
A mature fertilized ovule consisting of an embryo, with or without and external food reserve (e.g., endosperm) enclosed by the testa.

Shape

LenticularLenticular:
Lens-shaped, circular in outline with convex sides.
with hilumHilum:
The scar on the seed coat at the place of its detachment from the seed stalk (funiculus).
point

Size

  • Length 2–2.2 mm
  • Width 1.5–1.8 mm
  • Thickness 0.4–0.6 mm

Color

Light brown

Texture

Strong reticulum

Other structures

HilumHilum:
The scar on the seed coat at the place of its detachment from the seed stalk (funiculus).
extends outside the margin.

Identification notes

Seed is usually more brown than shown by some of the seeds here. HilumHilum:
The scar on the seed coat at the place of its detachment from the seed stalk (funiculus).
extends beyond the margin and is flattened as if pinched together. Surface is strongly reticulatedReticulated:
Resembling a net or network, especially having veins, fibers, or lines crossing the surface.  
. The one cut away seed reveals the relationship between the embryoEmbryo:
A rudimentary plant contained in a seed, usually consisting of a more or less differentiated axis and attached cotyledon(s).
and the endospermEndosperm:
Nutritive tissue originating from union of the two polar nuclei with a sperm nucleus.
.

Noxious weed seed categories

State Noxious Weed: Arizona, Kansas, Michigan 

AOSA examination list

Included

More information

For more information, see ISMA fact sheet.

Nomenclature

Family

Solanaceae

Valid name

Solanum nigrum L.

Synonyms

Solanum rubrum auct. non L.

From Left to Right: 1.  Solanum nigrum  2.  3.  Physalis  sp. The photo shows the size relationship between  Solanum nigrum  and other  Physalis species . Hilum protrudes in sp.  Nigrum  and is not indented as in  Physalis  sp.
From Left to Right: 1. Solanum nigrum 2. & 3. Physalis sp. The photo shows the size relationship between Solanum nigrum and other Physalis species. Hilum protrudes in sp. Nigrum and is not indented as in Physalis sp.
 Solanum nigrum.  Top, middle- embryo exposed.
Solanum nigrum. Top, middle- embryo exposed.