Cenchrus setaceus

Species category

Weed

Common name

fountaingrass, tender fountain grass

Diagnostic characters

Planting unit

SpikeletSpikelet:
One or more florets that are subtended by a pair of bracts called glumes. Spikelets are pedicellate if located on a pedicle and sessile if attached directly to the rachis. Often spikelets with single florets have remnants of a second floret, usually a lemma.

Shape

OvalOval:
Broadly elliptic.

Size

  • Length: 1.8–2 mm
  • Width: 1.7–1.9 mm
  • Thickness: 1–1.3 mm

Color

Light brown

Texture

Smooth

Lemma

Hard and arched

Palea

Hard and flat

Other structures

Second glumeGlume:
The pair of chaffy bracts that occur at the base of a grass spikelet, often completely enclosing it.
and sterile lemmaLemma:
One of two bracts of the grass floret; it is located on the side nearest the embryo and opposite the rachilla.
fit tightly over the floretFloret:
A small flower in a clustered inflorescence (e.g., sunflower, grasses). In grasses, a floret consists of the lemma, palea, stamens, and pistil.
.

Identification notes

SpikeletsSpikelet:
One or more florets that are subtended by a pair of bracts called glumes. Spikelets are pedicellate if located on a pedicle and sessile if attached directly to the rachis. Often spikelets with single florets have remnants of a second floret, usually a lemma.
are enclosed in an involucreInvolucre:
A number of bracts (often leaf-like) that subtend an inflorescence such as the head in sunflowers.
of bristles from which they separate at maturity; units are mostly found as spikeletsSpikelet:
One or more florets that are subtended by a pair of bracts called glumes. Spikelets are pedicellate if located on a pedicle and sessile if attached directly to the rachis. Often spikelets with single florets have remnants of a second floret, usually a lemma.
. The first glumeGlume:
The pair of chaffy bracts that occur at the base of a grass spikelet, often completely enclosing it.
is missing; the second glumeGlume:
The pair of chaffy bracts that occur at the base of a grass spikelet, often completely enclosing it.
has a central nerve.

Noxious weed seed categories

State Noxious Weed: Arizona, North Carolina

AOSA examination list

Not included

More information

For more information, see ISMA fact sheet, Cenchrus spp.

Nomenclature

Family

Poaceae

Valid name

Cenchrus setaceus (Forssk.) Morrone

Synonyms

Cenchrus asperifolius Desf.
Pennisetum rueppelianum hort. ex Mez
Pennisetum ruppelii Steud.
Pennisetum setaceum (Forssk.) Chiov.

 Cenchrus setaceus.  Caryopses in dorsal view (left) showing embryo and in ventral view (right) showing hilum. Photo courtesy of USDA-APHIS-PPQ.
Cenchrus setaceus. Caryopses in dorsal view (left) showing embryo and in ventral view (right) showing hilum. Photo courtesy of USDA-APHIS-PPQ.
 Cenchrus setaceus.  Close-up of a plumose bristle. Photo courtesy of USDA-APHIS-PPQ.
Cenchrus setaceus. Close-up of a plumose bristle. Photo courtesy of USDA-APHIS-PPQ.