Euphorbia esula

Species category

Weed

Common name

leafy spurge

Diagnostic characters

Planting unit

True seedTrue seed:
A mature fertilized ovule consisting of an embryo, with or without and external food reserve (e.g., endosperm) enclosed by the testa.

Shape

Cylindrical

Size

  • Length 2 mm
  • Width 1.5 mm
  • Thickness 1.5 mm

Color

Gray with brown flecks

Texture

Smooth to minutely reticulate

Other structures

RapheRaphe:
A seam or ridge found on seeds.
and chalazaChalaza:
End of seed opposite the micropyle.
are prominent; hilumHilum:
The scar on the seed coat at the place of its detachment from the seed stalk (funiculus).
is vertical; caruncleCaruncle:
An appendage or outgrowth of the outer integument of the seed, e.g. leafy spurge.
is present.

Identification notes

Seeds are well rounded and not angular. CaruncleCaruncle:
An appendage or outgrowth of the outer integument of the seed, e.g. leafy spurge.
, when present, covers the hilumHilum:
The scar on the seed coat at the place of its detachment from the seed stalk (funiculus).
. The chalazaChalaza:
End of seed opposite the micropyle.
is a well-defined circle at the apexApical:
The distal end of the fruit or seed away from the point of attachment or attachment scar.
of the seed.

Noxious weed seed categories

State Noxious Weed: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New York, North Dakota, Ohio, Oregon, South Dakota, Utah, Washington, Wisconsin, Wyoming 

Federal: This species is actionable only when found in field or vegetable seed for planting; toleranceTolerance:
The amount by which a second test may differ from a first test without being attributed to an actual difference in seed quality. Tolerances are usually based on normal random variation, or sampling error.
applies, see (7 CFR 361.6(a)(2)).

Learn more on ITP's Federal Noxious Weed Disseminules tool.

AOSA examination list

Included

More information

For more information, see ISMA fact sheet.

Nomenclature

Family

Euphorbiaceae

Valid name

Euphorbia esula L.

 Euphorbia esula . Gray seeds with brown flecks.
Euphorbia esula. Gray seeds with brown flecks.
 Euphorbia esula . Cylindrical seeds with a caruncle that covers the hilum. Photo by Julia Scher, USDA-APHIS-PPQ.
Euphorbia esula. Cylindrical seeds with a caruncle that covers the hilum. Photo by Julia Scher, USDA-APHIS-PPQ.
 Euphorbia esula . Cylindrical seeds with a chalaza. Photo by Julia Scher, USDA-APHIS-PPQ.
Euphorbia esula. Cylindrical seeds with a chalaza. Photo by Julia Scher, USDA-APHIS-PPQ.
 Euphorbia esula . Cylindrical seeds that are smooth to minutely reticulate. Photo by Julia Scher, USDA-APHIS-PPQ.
Euphorbia esula. Cylindrical seeds that are smooth to minutely reticulate. Photo by Julia Scher, USDA-APHIS-PPQ.
 Euphorbia esula . Caruncle. Photo by Julia Scher, USDA-APHIS-PPQ.
Euphorbia esula. Caruncle. Photo by Julia Scher, USDA-APHIS-PPQ.
 Euphorbia esula . Seed capsules. Photo by Julia Scher, USDA-APHIS-PPQ.
Euphorbia esula. Seed capsules. Photo by Julia Scher, USDA-APHIS-PPQ.
 Euphorbia esula . Cylindrical seeds are gray with brown flecks. Photo by Julia Scher, USDA-APHIS-PPQ.
Euphorbia esula. Cylindrical seeds are gray with brown flecks. Photo by Julia Scher, USDA-APHIS-PPQ.
From Left to Right:  1. Euphorbia marginata 2. Euphorbia davidii    3. Euphorbia esula.  Seeds are smooth to minutely reticulate.
From Left to Right: 1. Euphorbia marginata 2. Euphorbia davidii 3. Euphorbia esula. Seeds are smooth to minutely reticulate.