Doryanthaceae

Taxonomy

Family name: Doryanthaceae R. Dahlgren & Clifford

Synonym(s): [none]

Common name(s): doryanthes family

*Number of genera & species: 1/2

List of genera records in GRIN-Global

Disseminule

seed

Description

Fruit a loculicidalloculicidal:
type of capsular dehiscence, opening longitudinally through the locules (compare septicidal)
capsulecapsule:
a dry, dehiscent fruit derived from a compound ovary
, 90–100 mm long, oblongoblong:
2D shape—much longer than broad with nearly parallel sides, corners are rounded
or ovoidovoid:
3D shape—ovate
, tereteterete:
approximately circular in cross section; width and thickness approximately equal
in transection, beakedbeak:
a usually firm, terminal appendage, sometimes tapered
(persistent stylestyle:
in a flower, the narrow and elongated part of the pistil between the stigma and the ovary; sometimes persisting in fruit
and stigmastigma:
the portion of the pistil receptive to pollen
), with many seeds. Pericarppericarp:
fruit wall or fruit coat
brown or red, dulldull:
reflecting only a low proportion of incident light, with no apparent sheen
, woodywoody:
texture—consisting mainly of indurate lignified tissues, characteristic of or resembling wood
, smooth or ridgedridged:
surface relief—raised, thick ridges, sharp edged or rounded, usually in a series that may cover the entire surface
.

Seeds conicalconical:
3D shape—cone-shaped, with the point of attachment at the broad end
, flattened or triangulartriangular:
2D shape—three relatively straight sides with distinct corners; more angular than teardrop-shaped
in transection, usually with a broad, paperypapery:
texture—papyraceous, chartaceous; very thin, pliable, and readily torn; like paper
, laterallateral:
(of embryo) embryo lies along the side of the seed, generally towards one end; of, at, or from the side; in grasses, can refer to the sides adjacent to the dorsal and ventral sides
wing. Seed coat reddish brown or yellow, dulldull:
reflecting only a low proportion of incident light, with no apparent sheen
, thin, wrinkledwrinkled:
surface relief—shallow, irregular folds and furrows covering the surface; appearing overall though crumpled and then spread out
.

Embryo capitatecapitate:
head-shaped; abruptly enlarged on one end to a relatively short, terminal portion
with obtriangularobtriangular:
2D shape—inversely triangular, with point of attachment at narrow end
cotyledoncotyledon:
a primary leaf of the embryo
, straight, 1/3 to nearly as long as seed, partially filling seed coat.

Endosperm oily.

Identification features

Fruit
Type	loculicidalloculicidal: type of capsular dehiscence, opening longitudinally through the locules (compare septicidal) capsulecapsule: a dry, dehiscent fruit derived from a compound ovary
Size range	90–100 mm long
Shape(s)	oblongoblong: 2D shape—much longer than broad with nearly parallel sides, corners are rounded , ovoidovoid: 3D shape—ovate
Texture	woodywoody: texture—consisting mainly of indurate lignified tissues, characteristic of or resembling wood
Surface relief	smooth or ridgedridged: surface relief—raised, thick ridges, sharp edged or rounded, usually in a series that may cover the entire surface
Color(s)	brown, red
Unique features	Woodywoody: texture—consisting mainly of indurate lignified tissues, characteristic of or resembling wood , beakedbeak: a usually firm, terminal appendage, sometimes tapered many-seeded capsulescapsule: a dry, dehiscent fruit derived from a compound ovary usually laterally winged.
Seed
Size range	20 mm
Shape(s)	conicalconical: 3D shape—cone-shaped, with the point of attachment at the broad end
Surface relief	wrinkledwrinkled: surface relief—shallow, irregular folds and furrows covering the surface; appearing overall though crumpled and then spread out
Color(s)	reddish brown, yellow
Unique features	Wrinkledwrinkled: surface relief—shallow, irregular folds and furrows covering the surface; appearing overall though crumpled and then spread out , conical-shaped seeds with broad, paperypapery: texture—papyraceous, chartaceous; very thin, pliable, and readily torn; like paper , laterallateral: (of embryo) embryo lies along the side of the seed, generally towards one end; of, at, or from the side; in grasses, can refer to the sides adjacent to the dorsal and ventral sides wings.
Other
Embryo	capitatecapitate: head-shaped; abruptly enlarged on one end to a relatively short, terminal portion with obtriangularobtriangular: 2D shape—inversely triangular, with point of attachment at narrow end cotyledoncotyledon: a primary leaf of the embryo , straight, 1/3 to nearly as long as seed, partially filling seed coat
Nutritive tissue	endosperm oily

Distribution

Eastern Australia.

Distribution map courtesy of Angiosperm Phylogeny Website.

References

Baskin and Baskin 2021Baskin and Baskin 2021:
Baskin C and Baskin J. 2021. Relationship of the lateral embryo (in grasses) to other monocot embryos: A status up-grade. Seed Science Research 31 (3): 199-210. doi:10.1017/S0960258521000209; Dahlgren et al. 1985Dahlgren et al. 1985:
Dahlgren RMT, Clifford HT, and Yeo PF. 1985. The families of the monocotyledons: structure, evolution, and taxonomy. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. 520 pp.; Flora of Australia 2021+Flora of Australia 2021+:
Flora of Australia. Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra. Accessed January 2021–March 2024. URL: http://www.ausflora.org.au; Kirkbride et al. 2006Kirkbride et al. 2006:
Kirkbride JH, Jr, Gunn CR, and Dallwitz MJ. 2006. Family guide for fruits and seeds, vers. 1.0. Accessed September 2020-January 2022. URL: https://nt.ars-grin.gov/seedsfruits/keys/frsdfam/index.cfm .; Kubitzki et al. 1990+Kubitzki et al. 1990+:
Kubitzki K et al., eds. 1990+. The families and genera of vascular plants. 7+ vols. Berlin etc.; Stevenson and Loconte 1995Stevenson and Loconte 1995:
Stevenson DW and Loconte H. 1995. A cladistic analysis of monocot families. In: Rudall PJ, Cribb PJ, Cutler DF, and Humphries CJ, eds. Monocotyledons: Systematics and Evolution. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.; Watson and Dallwitz 1992+Watson and Dallwitz 1992+:
Watson L and Dallwitz MJ. 1992+. The families of flowering plants: descriptions, illustrations, identification, and information retrieval. Version: 6th Accessed September 2020-September 2022. URL: delta-intkey.com

*The number of genera and species is based on Christenhusz and Byng 2016Christenhusz and Byng 2016:
Christenhusz MJM and Byng JW. 2016. The number of known plant species in the world and its annual increase. Phytotaxa 261 (3): 201-217. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.261.3.1, which may differ from the number of genera in GRIN-Global.