Glossary


A

allotype: a specimen that is designated as a secondary, non name-bearing, type that is the opposite sex of the holotype

annulate: surrounded by a ring of a different color

antenna: in larval and adult insects, paired segmented appendages, borne one on each side of the head, functioning as sense organs and bearing a large number of sensilla

antennomere: a subunit of the antenna, including scape, pedicel, and flagellomeres

apex: end of any structure distad to the base

arcuate: arched or bow-like

attenuate: gradually tapering apically

B

base: the part of any appendage or structure that is nearest the body

bidentate: having two teeth

C

carina: an elevated ridge or keel, not necessarily high or acute

cicatrix: a scar; a scar-like structure

clavate: thickening gradually toward the tip

conical: wider at base than apex

contiguous: so near together as to touch

crista: a prominent, longitudinal carina on the upper surface of any part of the head or body

cuticle: a secretion of the epidermis, covering the entire body of the insect

cylindrical: shaped like a cylinder, parallel sided

D

dimorphic: occurring in two distinct forms

distad: toward the distal end

distal: near or toward the free end of any appendage; that part of a segment farthest from the body

E

elongate: much longer than wide

elytron: the leathery forewing of beetles, serving as a covering for the hind wings, commonly meeting opposite elytron in a straight line down the middle of the dorsum in repose

emarginate: notched at the margin

F

farinose: dotted with many single flour-like spots

ferrugineous: rusty red-brown

fimbriate: fringed with hairs of irregular length

flagellomere: one part of a multiannulated flagellum of an antenna

frons: the upper anterior portion of the head capsule, usually a distinct sclerite between the epicranium and clypeus

frontoclypeal suture: the suture between the frons and the clypeus

G

gena: the part of the cranium on each side below the eye

girdle: to cut away the bark and cambium in a ring around (a plant) usually to kill by interrupting the circulation of water and nutrients

glabrous: smooth, devoid of pubescence; devoid of any sculpturing

granulate: minutely and densely verrucose or minutely farinose

H

holotype: a single specimen designated as the name-bearing type of a species or subspecies when it was established, or the single specimen on which the taxon was based when no type was specified

humerus: shoulder; the basal exterior angle of the elytra

I

integument: the outer layer of the insect

L

lectotype: a syntype designated as the single name-bearing type specimen subsequent to the establishment of a nominal species or subspecies

M

macula: a spot or mark

mesocoxa: coxa of the midleg

mesofemur: midfemur

mesosternal process: a prolongation of the mesosternum extending between the mesocoxae

mesosternum: sternum of the mesothorax

metacoxa: coxa of the hind leg

metafemur: hind femur

O

oblong: longer than broad

occiput: dorsal part of the head between the occipital sulcus and the postoccipital sulcus

ochraceous: pale yellow

ommatidium: one of the visual elements of the compound eye

ovate: egg-shaped, with the broader end at the base

oviposit: to deposit or lay eggs or ova

P

paratype: each specimen of a type series other than the holotype

precoxa: coxa of the proleg

pretarsus: last segment of the insect leg

profemur: forefemur

pronotum: the upper and dorsal part of the prothorax

proximal: that part of an appendage nearest the body, as opposed to distal

pubescence: short, fine, erect hair

punctate: set with fine, impressed points or punctures appearing as pin-pricks

punctation: pits or depression of variable size in cuticle

R

rugose: wrinkled

S

scape: see antennal scape

sculpturing: definition

seta: a sclerotized hair-like projection of the cuticle

sinuous: undulating, curved in and out

subquadrate: not quite a square

subtruncate: not quite cut off squarely at the tip

sulcus: groove with a purely functional origin

suture: groove marking the line of fusion of two formerly distinct plates; the line of junction of elytra

syntype: each specimen of a type series from which neither a holotype nor a lectotype has been designated

T

tarsal claw: usually paired claws of the pretarsus, at the apex of the leg

transverse: broader than long

truncate: cut off squarely at the tip

tubercle: a small knoblike or rounded protuberance

type: a particular kind of specimen; e.g. allotype, cotype, holotype, lectotype, paratype, syntype

U

uncate: hooked; barbed

V

verrucose: covered with irregularly shaped lobes or wart-like protuberances

vertex: the top of the head between the eyes, frons and occiput, anterior to the occipital suture

vitta: a broad longitudinal stripe