LepIntercept

PYRALIDAE - Plodia interpunctella (Hübner) Non-Rep

Taxonomy

Pyraloidea: Pyralidae: Phycitinae: Plodia interpunctella (Hübner)

Common names: Indian meal moth, Indianmeal moth, mealworm

Synonyms: Ephestia glycinivora, Tinea zeae, Unadilla latercula

Larval diagnosis (Summary)

Body pinacula not pigmented
Front extends from 2/3 to 3/4 the distance to the epicranial notch
D setae in horizonal line on A1-7
L setae of A1 in a vertical line
Cuticle not granulated

Host/origin information

Plodia interpunctella is commonly intercepted on a variety of hosts from all over the world. Nearly 300 host records are listed in PestID; those that are usually transported as living plant tissue need confirmed. The following are only a few of the most common origin/host combinations:

Origin Host(s)

China Glycine max

India Oryza

Iran Cucurbita

Mexico Capsicum, Pithecellobium, Prunus, Quercus

Recorded distribution

Plodia interpunctella is distributed worldwide (Neunzig 1990).

Identification authority (Summary)

This is the only stored product phycitine pest without pigmented pinacula. Identifications are more accurate if the larva is associated with stored products from a building or at least is from dried fruits, nuts, or similar substrate. Larvae that resemble P. interpunctella from living plant tissue are best left at subfamily because this feeding habit is not typical.

Pest characterization

(Based on Cavey 2001, Neunzig 1990)

Taxonomy: High. Identification to species is routine in late instars.
Distribution: Low. P. interpunctella occurs in the U.S.
Potential Impact: High. P. interpunctella is a pest.

This ranking characterizes P. interpunctella as not quarantine significant for the U.S.

PYRALIDAE - Plodia interpunctella (Hübner) Non-Rep

Larval diagnosis (Detailed)

The larva of P. interpunctella has been illustrated many times, some examples are Hinton (1943), Ensminger (1958), Peterson (1962), Aitkin (1963), Carter (1984), Weisman (1986, 1987), Neunzig (1987, 1990), Solis (1999, 2011), and Schnitzler et al. (2011). Keys to selected larval structures (mandible, antenna, etc.) of stored product pests, including P. interpunctella, are given by Gentry et al. (1991). Passoa (1985) and Gomez de Aizpurua (2003) illustrated the larva in color.

Typically, P. interpunctella is recognized by being the only stored product phycitine pest without pigmented pinacula (Hinton 1943), a character used in most USDA publications (Weisman 1986, 1987, Solis 1999, 2011). Other authors have added that, except for some Anagasta, the front of P. interpunctella extends from 2/3 to 3/4 the distance to the epicranial notch (Aitken, 1963, Passoa 1985). Other stored product phycitines have a front that measures only 1/2 that distance (Neunzig 1987). Weisman (1987) noted that SD2 is below the SD1 pinaculum on A1-7. Other significant characters for P. interpunctella include the D setae in a horizontal line on A1-7, the L setae of A1 in a vertical line, and that the cuticle is not granulated (Passoa 1985). Several species of stored product phycitines have microspines on the tarsal segments (Gentry et al. 1991: fig. 4-54c), but the utility of this character is unclear because too few other species have been surveyed.

Identification authority (Detailed)

Origins are not helpful because P. interpunctella is a cosmopolitan pest. Identifications are more accurate if the larva is associated with stored products from a building or at least is from dried fruits, nuts or similar substrate. Larvae that resemble P. interpunctella from living plant tissue are best left at subfamily because this feeding habit is not typical. A sibling species of Plodia is known from Central America (Neunzig 1990), but there is no evidence it occurs in USDA port interceptions; the larva is unknown.

Lightly sclerotized larvae with faint SD1 rings may be difficult to key to the correct subfamily. Consult our discussion of staining larvae in the Preserving and Studying Larvae section on the Larval Morphology tab.

PYRALIDAE - Plodia interpunctella (Hübner) Non-Rep

Origin records

Plodia interpunctella has been intercepted from the following locations:

Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Argentina, Armenia, Aruba, Australia, Azerbaijan, Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belgium, Benin, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Brazil, Bulgaria, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Chile, China, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cote D'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Czech Republic, Denmark, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Eritrea, Estonia, France, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kenya, Kuwait, Laos, Lebanon, Libya, Mali, Mexico, Moldova, Montenegro, Morocco, Myanmar, Nepal, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Nigeria, Pakistan, Panama, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Puerto Rico, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saudi Arabia, Serbia, Singapore, Slovakia, South Africa, South Korea, Spain, Sri Lanka, St. Vincent and the Grenadines, Sudan, Syrian Arab Republic, Taiwan, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom of Great Britain and N. Ireland, US Virgin Islands, Uzbekistan, Viet Nam, Yemen, Zambia

Host records

Plodia interpunctella has been intercepted on the following hosts:

Aegle sp., Agaricus sp., Allium sativum, Allium sp., Amomum sp., Anacardium occidentale, Ananas comosus, Ananas sp., Annona sp., Apium graveolens, Apium sp., Arachis hypogaea, Arachis sp., Arctostaphylos pungens, Areca sp., Arecaceae, Artocarpus heterophyllus, Artocarpus sp., Asclepias sp., Bambusa sp., Berberis vulgaris, Bergera koenigii, Bertholletia excelsa, Bertholletia sp., Borago sp., Brassica chinensis, Brassica oleracea, Brassica oleracea var. capitata, Brassica rapa, Brassica sp., Byrsonima crassifolia, Cajanus cajan, Cannabis sp., Capsicum annuum, Capsicum baccatum, Capsicum pubescens, Capsicum sp., Carthamus tinctorius, Carya illinoinensis, Carya sp., Cassia fistula, Castanea sativa, Castanea sp., Ceratonia siliqua, Ceratonia sp., Chamaemelum nobile, Chenopodium quinoa, Chenopodium sp., Chimonanthus praecox, Chrysanthemum sp., Chrysophyllum sp., Cicer arietinum, Cinnamomum sp., Citrullus lanatus, Citrus aurantiifolia, Citrus sinensis, Citrus sp., Cocos nucifera, Coffea arabica, Coffea canephora, Coffea sp., Cola acuminata, Cola sp., Coriandrum sativum, Corylus sp., Crataegus pinnatifida, Crataegus pubescens, Crataegus sp., Crotolaria sp., Cucumis melo, Cucumis sativus, Cucumis sp., Cucurbita pepo, Cucurbita sp., Cucurbitaceae, Cuminum cyminum, Cuminum sp., Curcubita sp., Cydonia oblonga, Cydonia sp., Dacryodes edulis, Dialium guineense, Dichrostachys cinerea, Dimocarpus longan, Echinacea sp., Eleocharis sp., Eucalyptus sp., Euphorbiaceae, Fabaceae, Fagus sp., Fernaldia pandurata, Ficus carica, Ficus sp., Garcinia sp., Glycine max, Glycine sp., Helianthus annuus, Hibiscus sp., Hordeum vulgare, Hylocereus sp., Hylocereus undatus, Inga edulis, Jasminum sp., Juglans regia, Juglans sp., Kalanchoe sp., Lactuca sativa, Lactuca sp., Lens culinaris, Leonotis leonurus, Lepidium sp., Linum usitatissimum, Luffa sp., Lycium barbarum, Lysiloma sp., Macrotyloma uniflorum, Magnoliophyta sp., Malus domestica, Malus sp., Mammea americana, Manihot esculenta, Manilkara zapota, Meliaceae, Mentha longifolia, Mespilus germanica, Morus alba, Morus nigra, Morus rubra, Morus sp., Murraya koenigii, Musa paradisiaca, Musa sp., Myristica sp., Myrtillocactus geometrizans, Nelumbo nucifera, Nelumbo sp., Nephelium lappaceum, Nicotiana tabacum, Opuntia sp., Oryza sativa, Oryza sp., Paeonia suffruticosa, Panax ginseng, Panax sp., Panicum coloratum, Panicum miliaceum, Panicum sp., Pennisetum glaucum, Persea americana, Phaseolus lunatus, Phaseolus sp., Phaseolus vulgaris, Phoenix canariensis, Phoenix dactylifera, Phoenix sp., Physalis pubescens, Pimpinella anisum, Pinus sp., Piper sp., Pistacia sp., Pistacia terebinthus, Pistacia vera, Pisum sativum, Pisum sp., Pithecellobium dulce, Pithecellobium sp., Platycodon sp., Poaceae, Polygonaceae, Pouteria sapota, Pouteria sp., Prosopis sp., Prunus americana, Prunus armeniaca, Prunus avium, Prunus cerasus, Prunus domestica, Prunus dulcis, Prunus mahaleb, Prunus persica, Prunus sp., Psidium guajava, Psidium sp., Punica granatum, Punica sp., Pyrus communis, Pyrus sp., Quercus sp., Raphanus raphanistrum, Raphanus sp., Rheum rhaponticum, Ribes uva-crispa, Ricinus communis, Rosa laevigata, Rosa sp., Rosmarinus officinalis, Rubus sp., Rubus ursinus, Sapindus sp., Schinus sp., Secale cereale, Sechium edule, Sesamum indicum, Simmondsia chinensis, Solanum lycopersicum var lycopersicum, Solanum melongena, Solanum sp., Solanum torvum, Solidago sp., Sorbus sp., Sorghum bicolor, Sorghum sp., Spinacia oleracea, Spondias dulcis, Spondias mombin, Spondias sp., Tagetes sp., Tamarindus indica, Taraxacum officinale, Taraxacum sp., Telfairia occidentalis, Tetrapleura sp., Theobroma cacao, Trifolium repens, Trigonella foenum-graecum, Triticum aestivum, Triticum durum, Triticum sp., Triticum vulgare, Tuber sp., Tulipa sp., Vaccinium sp., Vicia faba, Vigna radiata, Vigna sp., Vigna unguiculata, Vitis sp., Vitis vinifera, Zea mays, Zea sp., Zingiber officinale, Ziziphus jujuba, Ziziphus mauritiana, Ziziphus sp.