Like all conifer sawflies (Diprionidae), the pine sawflies (Diprion) are of great economic significance to forestry in the Northern Hemisphere. Only one species, the common pine sawfly (Diprion similis), has become established in North America, but many of the 11 other species are already pests of pine in their native range, and so are potential invasive pests of pine in North America. This identification tool globally enables identification of both adult sexes of all described pine sawfly species with Lucid keys and provides factsheets for each species.