Name and publication

Phytophthora cooljarloo T.I. Burgess (2018) 

Burgess TI, Simamora AV, White D, Wiliams B, Schwager M, Stukely MJC, Hardy GE StJ. 2018. New species from Phytophthora Clade clade:
a taxonomic group of organisms classified together on the basis of homologous features traced to a common ancestor
6a: evidence for recent radiation. Persoonia 41: 1–17.

Corresponding author: ​tburgess@murdoch.edu.au

Nomenclature

from Burgess et al. (2018)

Mycobank

MB822011

Etymology

refers to the location where the isolates were recovered

Typification

Type: AUSTRALIA, Western Australia, Cooljarloo, from rhizosphere soil of dying Hibbertia sp., W.A. Dunstan, 2008 (holotype MURU 479, dried culture on V8A, Herbarium of Murdoch University, Western Australia)

Ex-type: CBS 143062

Sequences for ex-type in original manuscript:  Phytophthora sp. kwongan/TIB-2010 strain CLJO100: ITS HQ012957, HSP HQ012925, COX HQ012881 

Phytophthora cooljarloo strain CLJO100: TUB MF326816, NADH MF326910 

Ex-type in other collections

(ET) CBS 143062, CLJ0100, TIB-2010, S&T BL 185 (Abad)

Molecular identification

Voucher sequences for barcoding genes (ITS rDNA and COI) of the ex-type (see Molecular protocols page)

Phytophthora cooljalroo isolate CLJO100 ITS rDNA HQ012957

Phytophthora cooljalroo isolate CPHST BL 185 COI MH477745

Voucher sequences for Molecular Toolbox with seven genes (ITS, β-tub, COI, EF1α, HSP90, L10, and YPT1

(see Molecular protocols page) (In Progress)

Voucher sequences for Metabarcoding High-throughput Sequencing (HTS) Technologies [Molecular Operational Taxonomic Unit (MOTU)]

(see Molecular protocols page) (In Progress)

Sequences with multiple genes for ex-type in other sources

• NCBI: Phytophthora cooljalroo CPHST BL 185
• NCBI: Phytophthora cooljarloo CLJO100
• EPPO-Q-bank: Phytophthora cooljarloo
• BOLDSYSTEMS: Phytophthora cooljarloo

Position in multigenic phylogeny with 7 genes (ITS, β-tub, COI, EF1α, HSP90, L10, and YPT1)

Clade clade:
a taxonomic group of organisms classified together on the basis of homologous features traced to a common ancestor
6a

Morphological identification

Colonies and cardinal temperatures

Colony colony:
assemblage of hyphae which usually develops form a single source and grows in a coordinated way
morphology on V8 agar and CA was cottony with a slight petaloid pattern, growth was appressed with striations on MEA, and cottony and rosaceous on PDA. Minimum growth temperature 4°C, optimum 25°C, and maximum 35°C.

Conditions for growth and sporulation

SporangiaSporangia:
sac within which zoospores form, especially when water is cooled to about 10°C below ambient temperature; in solid substrates, sporangia usually germinate by germ tubes
 are produced in water cultures (soil extract or river water) and not observed in solid media. OogoniaOogonia:
the female gametangium in which the oospore forms after fertilization by the antheridium
are formed readily in single-strain culture on CA and V8 after about 14 d.

Asexual phase

SporangiaSporangia:
sac within which zoospores form, especially when water is cooled to about 10°C below ambient temperature; in solid substrates, sporangia usually germinate by germ tubes
 were nonpapillatenonpapillate:
pertaining to the production of a non-distinct, or inconspicuous, papilla at the distal end of the sporangium (cf. papillate and semipapillate)
, persistentpersistent:
pertaining to sporangia that remain attached to the sporangiophore and do not separate or detach easily (cf. caducous)
, and predominantly ovoidovoid:
egg-shaped, with the widest part at the base of the sporangium and the narrow part at the apex
in shape. SporangiaSporangia:
sac within which zoospores form, especially when water is cooled to about 10°C below ambient temperature; in solid substrates, sporangia usually germinate by germ tubes
averaged 55.0 ± 9.5 x 37.6 ± 5.5 µm (overall range 30.6–79.1 x 25.1–49.8 µm). Sporangiophores were simple with internal proliferationinternal proliferation:
internal proliferation occurs when the sporangiophore continues to grow through an empty sporangium
both nested and extended. Hyphal swellings absent. ChlamydosporesChlamydospores:
an asexual spore with a thickened inner wall that is delimited from the mycelium by a septum; may be terminal or intercalary, and survives for long periods in soil
 absent.

Sexual phase

Homothallic. Oogonia had wavy walls and averaged 41.9 ± 4.0 mm (31.9–48.3 µm). OosporesOospores:
zygote or thick-walled spore that forms within the oogonium after fertilization by the antheridium; may be long-lived
were apleroticaplerotic:
pertaining to a mature oospore that does not fill the oogonium; i.e. there is room left between the oospore wall and oogonium wall (cf. plerotic)
, globoseglobose:
having a rounded form resembling that of a sphere
, with a large ooplast, and pale on maturity, average size 35.1 ± 3.5 µm (26.1–39.9). 80% of oosporesoospores:
zygote or thick-walled spore that forms within the oogonium after fertilization by the antheridium; may be long-lived
aborted after formation of the walls. AntheridiaAntheridia:
the male gametangium; a multinucleate, swollen hyphal tip affixed firmly to the wall of the female gametangium (the oogonium)
 are paragynousparagynous:
pertaining to the sexual stage in which the antheridium is attached to the side of the oogonium (cf. amphigynous)
.

Most typical characters

Phytophthora cooljarloo closely resembles Phytophthora rosacearum, Phytophthora pseudorosacerum, and Phytophthora kwongonina. Its most distinguishing characteristic is the presence of large laterally attached antheridiaantheridia:
the male gametangium; a multinucleate, swollen hyphal tip affixed firmly to the wall of the female gametangium (the oogonium)
.

Specimen(s) evaluated

Australia, Western Australia, Cooljarloo, from rhizosphere soil of dying Hibbertia sp., WA Dunstan, 2008, CBS 143062 = CLJO100; from rhizosphere soil of mixed native vegetation, R Hart, 1996, HSA2313

Hosts and distribution

NOT FOUND as of June 2018 in U.S. National Fungus Collections Nomenclature Database.

Additional references and links

 

• SMML USDA-ARS: Phytophthora cooljarloo
• EPPO Global Database: Phytophthora cooljarloo
• Forest Phytophthoras of the world: Phytophthora cooljarloo
• CABI Digital Library: Phytophthora cooljarloo
• Encyclopedia of Life (EOL): Phytophthora cooljarloo 
• Index Fungorum (IF): Phytophthora cooljarloo

 

• Google All Phytophthora cooljarloo
• Google Images Phytophthora cooljarloo
• Google Scholar Phytophthora cooljarloo

Fact sheet authors

Treena Burgess, Ph.D., Phytophthora Science and Management, Harry Butler Institute, Murdoch University, Australia

Z. Gloria Abad, Ph.D., USDA-APHIS-PPQ-S&T Plant Pathogen Confirmatory Diagnostics Laboratory (PPCDL), United States of America.