Chin Tou, Chinkan, Chintou, Golden, Hsia Chü, Jin Dou, Jin Gan, Jin Ju, Jin Kan, Kin Kan, Lu Chü, Lu Ju, Luowen, Maru Kinkan, Muntala, Round, Shan Chü, Shan Ju, Vangasay, Xia Ju (sec. Cottin 2002)
Citrus japonica Thunb. (sensu Mabberley 2004, Bayer et al. 2009); Fortunella japonica (Thunb.) Swingle (sensu Swingle and Reece 1967; sensu Tanaka sec. Cottin 2002)
Hodgson (1967) noted that: "The round-fruited form Marumi was introduced from Japan into Florida in 1885...(Webber 1943)."
The Chiefland Budwood Facility (2010) provided the following notes on the cultivar (clone DPI-50-47): "Entered by seed from Zolfo Springs in 1975. Also known as round kumquat introduced from Japan in 1885 by Glen St. Mary and Royal Palm nurseries."
Crown compact or dense, not weeping. First-year twig surface glabrous; second- or third-year twig surface striate; thorns straight; prickles absent or not persistent. Petiole glabrous, length medium; wings narrow, adjoining the blade. Leaflets one, margin entire or crenate/crenulate, shade leaflet blades weakly conduplicate, sun leaflet blades weakly or strongly conduplicate. Scent of crushed leaflets spicy or peppery. Fruit as broad as long or longer than broad; rind yellow (7-10), yellow-orange (11), orange (12), or red-orange (13); rind texture smooth (1-3) or slightly rough (4-5); firmness leathery; navel absent; flesh orange; taste acidic-sweet.
Hodgson (1967) provided the following additional notes on the cultivar: "This is the Maru or Marumi kinkan of Japan. In comparison with the oval kumquat, which it closely resembles, the fruit of this kumquat is round or slightly oblate, sometimes obovate, and smaller, with a thinner and somewhat sweeter rind and a wider range in the number of segments (four to seven). The tree is less vigorous and somewhat thorny, with smaller, less sharply pointed leaves ([Swingle 1967])."
The Chiefland Budwood Facility (2010) provided the following additional notes on the cultivar (clone DPI-50-47): "Similar to Nagami, but slightly thornier and more cold hardy. Round fruit, thinner and sweeter than oval kumquats."
Bayer, R.J., D.J. Mabberley, C. Morton, C.H. Miller, I.K. Sharma, B.E. Pfeil, S. Rich, R. Hitchcock, and S. Sykes. 2009. A molecular phylogeny of the orange subfamily (Rutaceae: Aurantioideae) using nine cpDNA sequences. American Journal of Botany 96: 668–685.
Chiefland Budwood Facility. 2010. 2010 Annual report July 1, 2009 - June 30, 2010. Bureau of Citrus Budwood Registration, Florida Department of Agriculture & Consumer Services, Winter Haven.
Cottin, R. 2002. Citrus of the World: A citrus directory. Version 2.0. France: SRA INRA-CIRAD.
Hodgson, R.W. 1967. Horticultural varieties of Citrus. In: Reuther, W., H.J. Webber, and L.D. Batchelor (eds.). The Citrus industry, rev. University of California Press. http://lib.ucr.edu/agnic/webber/Vol1/Chapter4.html.
Mabberley, D.J. 2004. Citrus (Rutaceae): A review of recent advances in etymology, systematics and medical applications. Blumea 49: 481–498.
Swingle, W.T. and P.C. Reece. 1967. The botany of Citrus and its wild relatives. In: Reuther, W., H.J. Webber, and L.D. Batchelor (eds.). The Citrus industry. Ed. 2. Vol. I. University of California, Riverside. http://lib.ucr.edu/agnic/webber/Vol1/Chapter3.html.
Webber, H.J. 1943. Cultivated varieties of citrus. In: Webber, H.J. and L.D. Batchelor (eds.). The Citrus industry. I: 475-668. University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles.
Search for this cultivar in NCBI Entrez or NCBI Nucleotide
Additional information on this cultivar at University of California: Riverside Citrus Variety Collection, (2)
Citrus ID Edition 2
October, 2011
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