Updates in v3.3 (April 3, 2025):
- The key now includes 844 entities
- Added entity: Bactrocera (Bactrocera) wallacei Hancock and Drew 2025Hancock and Drew 2025:
Hancock DL, Drew RAI, 2025. A review of subgenus Bactrocera (Bactrocera) Macquart, 1835 (Diptera: Tephritidae: Dacinae). Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 73: 73–109. https://doi.org/10.26107/RBZ-2025-0007
- Added entity: Bactrocera (Bactrocera) clarkei Starkie, Strutt & Royer, 2022 published in Starkie et al. (2022c)Starkie et al. (2022c):
Starkie ML, Strutt F, Royer JE, 2022. New records and a description of a new species of fruit fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) from Eastern Australia. Australian Entomologist 3: 169–180.
- Added brown postpronotal lobes as state for B. neohumeralis
- Added >90% black as scutum color state for Z. cucurbitae
- Added mid femur with fuscous spot state for B. latifrons
- Added photo plates of B. ellenriederi and B. youngi, courtesy of Severyn Korneyev
Updates in v3.2 (October 30, 2024):
- Added links to fact sheet pages where available.
- Added 700 photo plates (83% of species).
Updates in v3.1 (April 18, 2024):
- Version 3.1 includes 842 species of Dacini, which covers all major bioregions except Africa per August 2024.
- Added 96 additional species illustrations for a total of 364 (43% of species).
- Added
Bactrocera (
Bactrocera)
youngi Korneyev et al. 2024Korneyev et al. 2024:
Korneyev SV, Leblanc L, Hauser M, General DEM, Gaimari SD, 2024. Descriptions of two new species of Bactrocera Macquart (Diptera: Tephritidae: Dacinae: Dacini) from the Philippines with distinct orange medial stripes on the scutum. Zootaxa 5432: 573–599. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5432.4.7 and
Bactrocera (
Bactrocera)
ellenriederae Korneyev et al. 2024Korneyev et al. 2024:
Korneyev SV, Leblanc L, Hauser M, General DEM, Gaimari SD, 2024. Descriptions of two new species of Bactrocera Macquart (Diptera: Tephritidae: Dacinae: Dacini) from the Philippines with distinct orange medial stripes on the scutum. Zootaxa 5432: 573–599. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5432.4.7.
- Added
Bactrocera (
Bactrocera)
kyrdemkulai Abhishek & David 2024 and
Bactrocera (
Bactrocera)
etthinabhuja Abhishek & David 2024.
Updates in v3.0 (Jan 29, 2024):
- Version 3.0 includes 838 species of Dacini, which covers all major bioregions except Africa per January 2024.
- Added
Zeugodacus (
Parasinodacus)
momordicae David & Ajaykumara 2024,
Zeugodacus (
Zeugodacus)
nasivittatus David & Abhishek 2024,
Zeugodacus (
Sinodacus)
sinuvittatus David & Abhishek 2024,
Zeugodacus (
Zeugodacus)
umiam David & Kennedy 2024, as published in
David et al. 2024David et al. 2024:
David KJ, Abhishek V, Kennedy N, Ajaykumara KM, Gracy RG, Hissay CB, 2024. Four new species of Zeugodacus Hendel (Diptera, Tephritidae, Dacinae, Dacini) and new records of dacines from India. ZooKeys 1188: 1–26. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1188.114031.
- Removed
Zeugodacus luteicinctutus; synonymized with
Zeugodacus yoshimotoi (as
Bactrocera yoshimotoi) in
Maneesh et al. 2023Maneesh et al. 2023:
Maneesh PS, Gupta D, Hancock DL, Sharma I, Sharma PL, 2023. A new species of Bactrocera Macquart reared from Solanum khasianum Clarke in northern India and a new synonym. Zootaxa 5380: 526–540. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5380.6.2.
- Added
Bactrocera (
Bactrocera)
prabhakari Maneesh, Gupta and Hancock 2023 (
Maneesh et al. 2023Maneesh et al. 2023:
Maneesh PS, Gupta D, Hancock DL, Sharma I, Sharma PL, 2023. A new species of Bactrocera Macquart reared from Solanum khasianum Clarke in northern India and a new synonym. Zootaxa 5380: 526–540. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5380.6.2).
- Added
Bactrocera (
Bactrocera)
incognita Doorenweerd & San Jose 2023 and
B. (
B.)
borneoensis Doorenweerd & San Jose 2023.
- Added
B. dorsalis s.l. clade as complex option,
sensu Doorenweerd et al. 2023.
- Added all Australian and Oceania species.
- Added
Bactrocera (
Bactrocera)
divenderi Maneesh, Hancock and Prabhakar 2022.
- Added the 65 species described in Drew et al. 2022, but changed the generic placement as following to match modern phylogenetic insights:
Bactrocera (
Zeugodacus)
aiyurae is included as
Zeugodacus (
Zeugodacus)
aiyurae
Bactrocera (
Zeugodacus)
anglimpiae is included as
Zeugodacus (
Zeugodacus)
anlimpiae
Bactrocera (
Zeugodacus)
bainingsiae is included as
Zeugodacus (
Zeugodacus)
bainingsiae
Bactrocera (
Zeugodacus)
madangiae is included as
Zeugodacus (
Zeugodacus)
madangiae
Bactrocera (
Zeugodacus)
magiae is included as
Zeugodacus (
Zeugodacus)
magiae
Bactrocera (
Zeugodacus)
mitparingii is included as
Zeugodacus (
Zeugodacus)
mitparingii
Bactrocera (
Zeugodacus)
oiyaripensis is included as
Zeugodacus (
Zeugodacus)
oiyaripensis
Bactrocera (
Zeugodacus)
parasepikae is included as
Zeugodacus (
Zeugodacus)
parasepikae
Bactrocera (
Zeugodacus)
rufoscutella is included as
Zeugodacus (
Zeugodacus)
rufoscutellus
Bactrocera (
Zeugodacus)
xanthovelata is included as
Zeugodacus (
Zeugodacus)
xanthovelatus
- Added
Dacus ciliatus; native to African region but invasive in the Middle East and Indian regions
- Added
Bactrocera (
Daculus)
oleae; native to African and Mediterranean regions but a global invader
- Made explicit in the key description that
Dacus unicolor and
D. vespiformis are considered
nomina nuda and therefore excluded from the key; the types were lost in a fire and their descriptions are inadequate.
- Numerous species illustrations were added.
Updates in v2.1 (May 2, 2023):
-
Bactrocera dorsalis is now coded as one entity instead of two (viz. form
dorsalis and form
invadens).
-
Bactrocera dorsalis can have two red stripes on the scutum.
-
Dacus solomonensis scutum can also be >90% red, based on CDFA collection specimens (pers. comm. Severyn Korneyev).
- Numerous species illustrations were added.
Wishlist for future updates
- More species illustrations
- Add African species of Dacini
- Add glossary overview figure(s) with setae and characters. Include detail character illustrations of the scutum suture and pre-sutural marking. Include detail of vein
A1 relative to cell cup length.
- Divide presutural marking into two states: one presutural marking connecting to post-sutural lateral markings and one that connects with the postpronotal lobes (and notopleuron). The latter state will help identify
B. jarvisi and species in subgenus
Notodacus.
- Add (color-blind friendly) arrows to indicate spot-characters on fact sheet page illustrations and photos
- Clarify scutellum color pattern state option for species with black central line
- Consider adding
B. breviaculeus and
B. parabarringtoniae to
B. kraussi fact sheet
- Add male lure information to fact sheets
- Ensure that character state order matches the figure
- Consider adding a section about preferred methods for specimen preparation
- Add "ceromata" as character with states "inconspicuous" and "clearly contrasting"
- Add "postsutural lateral vittae length" character with states "reaching intra-alar seta" and "not reaching intra-alar seta" [useful e.g. with
B. zonata]
- Refine pest threat assessment information (e.g., introduction probability, establishment probability, potential economic impact etc.)
