KEYS    About TortAI    Fact Sheets    Glossary    ID Thumbnails    DNA Search    Dissection Guides ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ Glossary A aedeagus: the male intromittent organ (penis); see "phallus" anal angle: on the hindwing, the angle nearest the end of the abdomen when the wings are expanded anal comb: a toothed structure on the last abdominal segment used to eject frass away from the feeding larva; also termed "anal fork" anal margin: see anal angle anal shield: a sclerotized plate on the dorsal surface of the last abdominal segment (in larvae) anellus: a variably cup-shaped sclerotized sheet surrounding the base of the aedeagus anterior: before, to the front, toward the head antrum: in the female genitalia; a funnellike sclerotization anterior to the ostium apex: the point furthest removed from the base or at the end of the costal area apophyses: apodemal rods used to extend the ovipositor; divided into the apophyses anteriores and apophyses posteriores B basal fascia: the fascia (transverse band) at the base of the forewing bifid: cleft, forked, divided into two parts bursa copulatrix: the female genital chamber that is divided into the ductus bursae and the corpus bursae C capitulum: in reference to the female signum; a knoblike projection caulis: a rodlike plate connecting the juxta and anellus cestum: a long, bandlike sclerotization of the wall of the ductus bursae chaetosema: a small sensory organ located above the compound eye in some families of Lepidoptera (in adults) chaetotaxy: the arrangement of setae (in reference to Lepidoptera larvae), often depicted on a "setal map" coremata: specialized tufts of sex scales, usually found in the male (singular: corema) cornuti: spines used to anchor the male vesica in the female bursa during copulation cornutus: singular of "cornuti" corpus bursae: a dilated membranous sac at the anterior end of the bursa copulatrix costa: the anterior margin of each wing costal margin: see costa costal spot: a patch of contrasting scales on the costa, usually a remnant of the postmedian or preterminal fascia costal strigulae: small, usually pale, semirectangular marks along the costa crochets: hooked spines on the prolegs of lepidopterous larvae cucullus: the distal portion of the male valva D dash: a short, sharp, black line on the forewing distal: farthest from body, distant from point of attachment dorsal: upper, to the top, on the back dorsal strigulae: semirectangular pale marks or lines extending from the dorsal margin; usually expressed in the Grapholitini dorsum: the lower or inner margin of the wing; the trailing edge of the forewing based on its position when the moth is in its resting posture ductus bursae: a membranous tube connecting the ostium bursae to the corpus bursae F falcate: narrow, curved and pointed; sickle-shaped; shaped like a bird's beak fascia: a dark transverse band on the forewing fasciae: plural of "fascia" filiform: threadlike, long and slender with uniform cross section forewing costal fold: a flap or fold at the base of the forewing that contains specialized sex scales frenulum: a single spine (males) or multiple spines (females) that project anteriorly from the base of the hindwing; used to couple the hindwings to the forewings in flight by means of a retinaculum on the forewing frons: the upper anterior portion of the head (in adults) FWL: forewing length; the distance from the base of the forewing to the apex, including fringe G gnathos: a narrow bandlike structure that joins the posterolateral edges of the tegumen and supports the anal tube I inner margin: see dorsum L labial palpi: a pair of sensory appendages that project from the lower part of the head; usually covered in scales and three-segmented lateral: to the side lustrous: bright, shining, metallic M maculation: markings, pattern of spots, bands, blotches, streaks, etc.; wing markings maxillary palpi: a pair of segmented appendages extending from the lower part of the head; usually smaller than the labial palpi and may be reduced or absent in some families medial: to the middle, center, toward center line median fascia: the fascia (transverse band) in the middle of the forewing, delimited by costal strigulae pairs 4 and 5 mesothorax: the middle segment of the thorax metathorax: the most posterior thoracic segment mottled: having spots or blotches of color O ocelli: adult head - a simple insect "eye" located dorsal to the compound eye; plural of ocellus ocellus: forewing pattern element - an ovoid region anterior to the tornus; adult head - a simple insect "eye" located dorsal to the compound eye ostium: see ostium bursae ostium bursae: the female copulatory orifice; the entrance to the bursa copulatrix P papillae anales: the female ovipositor lobes pecten: a comblike or rakelike structure located on the first antennal segment (in adults) pectinate: with branches or processes like the teeth of a comb phallus: the male intromittent organ (penis); see "aedeagus" pinacula: flattened sclerotized plates on a caterpillar that bear the setae pinaculum: singular of "pinacula" porrect: extending forward horizontally posterad: towards the posterior posterior: after, to the rear, toward anal end posterolateral: towards the rear and side; posterior and lateral postmedian fascia: the fascia (transverse band) beyond the middle of the forewing, delimited by costal strigulae pairs 6 and 7 preterminal fascia: the fascia (transverse band) near the apex of the forewing, delimited by costal strigulae pairs 8 and 9 prothoracic shield: a sclerotized plate on the dorsal surface of the prothorax prothorax: the most anterior thoracic segment proximal: toward the base, nearest the body or point of attachment R reticulations: covered with a network of lines or mesh; in reference to wing pattern, usually thin horizontal lines retinaculum: a hook or series of bristles on the underside of the forewing used to engage the frenulum to couple the front and hind wings S sacculus: the ventral margin of the male valva saddle: in reference to the D2 pinacula on larval segment A9; both setae are on a single, fused pinaculum in the mid-dorsal region of the segment scape: the basal segment of an insect antenna sclerotized: hardened; usually in reference to larval structures or adult genitalia scobinate: rasplike setose: covered with setae signa: plural of "signum" signum: a sclerotized projection or patch on the interior of the corpus bursae sinuate: a curved or wavy margin socii: a pair of lightly sclerotized setose lobes spatulate: spoonlike, narrow basally and enlarged and rounded apically sterigma: the sclerotized region surrounding the female ostium bursae subbasal fascia: the fascia (transverse band) near the base of the forewing, delimited by costal strigulae pairs 2 and 3 T tegumen: dorsal section of the transverse ring in male genitalia; often heavily sclerotized termen: the outer edge of the forewing tornus: the junction of the termen and dorsum of the wing tympanum: a membrane-covered cavity that serves as a hearing organ (not present in Tortricidae) U uncus: a sclerotized process which is fused to the posterodorsal margin of tergum IX V valva: an appendage flanking the intromittent organ that is used to clasp the female during copulation valvae: plural of "valva" ventral: lower, to the bottom, on the under side vinculum: ventral section of the transverse ring in male genitalia (Click on a glossary item for an illustration) aedeagus anal angle anal comb anal margin anal shield anellus anterior antrum apex apophyses basal fascia bifid bursa copulatrix capitulum caulis cestum chaetosema chaetotaxy coremata cornuti cornutus corpus bursae costa costal margin costal spot costal strigulae crochets cucullus dash distal dorsal dorsal strigulae dorsum ductus bursae falcate fascia fasciae fasciate filiform forewing costal fold frenulum frons FWL gnathos inner margin labial palpi lateral lustrous maculation maxillary palpi medial median fascia mesothorax metathorax mottled ocelli ocellus ostium ostium bursae papillae anales pecten pectinate phallus pinacula pinaculum porrect posterad posterior posterolateral postmedian fascia preterminal fascia prothoracic shield prothorax proximal reticulations retinaculum sacculus saddle scape sclerotized scobinate setose signa signum sinuate socii spatulate sterigma subbasal fascia tegumen termen tornus tympanum uncus valva valvae ventral vinculum      Tortricids of Agricultural Importance by Todd M. Gilligan and Marc E. Epstein      Interactive Keys developed in Lucid 3.5. Last updated August 2014.