Xylotrechus

Subfamily

Cerambycinae

Diagnosis - adult

Body length: 8–27mm. 
Eyes: eye interommatidial setaeseta:
a sclerotized hair-like projection of the cuticle
absent, eye entire/shallowly emarginateemarginate:
notched at the margin
, eye ommatidial density fine. 
AntennaeAntenna:
in larval and adult insects, paired segmented appendages, borne one on each side of the head, functioning as sense organs and bearing a large number of sensilla
: antennal length barely surpassing pronotumpronotum:
the upper and dorsal part of the prothorax
or shorter or reaches between basebase:
the part of any appendage or structure that is nearest the body
and end of elytraelytron:
the leathery forewing of beetles, serving as a covering for the hind wings, commonly meeting opposite elytron in a straight line down the middle of the dorsum in repose
, antennal flagellar segments elongateelongate:
much longer than wide
, scapescape:
the first proximal segment of the antenna
smooth/punctate at apexapex:
end of any structure distad to the base
, antennal scapescape:
the first proximal segment of the antenna
≥ segment 3 or segment 3 > scapescape:
the first proximal segment of the antenna
. 
Pronotumpronotum:
the upper and dorsal part of the prothorax
: pronotumpronotum:
the upper and dorsal part of the prothorax
shape transversetransverse:
broader than long
, subquadratesubquadrate:
not quite a square
or longer than wide, pronotumpronotum:
the upper and dorsal part of the prothorax
lateral armature absent. 
Prosternum: prosternal process dilated at apexapex:
end of any structure distad to the base
, procoxal cavities open posteriorly, rarely closed posteriorly. 
ElytraElytron:
the leathery forewing of beetles, serving as a covering for the hind wings, commonly meeting opposite elytron in a straight line down the middle of the dorsum in repose
: elytral length reaching or close to end of abdomen, elytral apicesapex:
end of any structure distad to the base
rounded or truncatetruncate:
cut off squarely at the tip
or with tooth or spinespine:
a protuberance with an acute (sharp) distal end
, elytral color pattern present. 
Legs: visible tarsomeres: 4, femora clavateclavate:
thickening gradually toward the tip
, slender or robust, protibial spurs: 2, tarsal claws simple.

Head with front declivous, bicarinate; antennaeantenna:
in larval and adult insects, paired segmented appendages, borne one on each side of the head, functioning as sense organs and bearing a large number of sensilla
short, filiformfiliform:
threadlike, i.e., slender and of equal diameter, being commonly applied to antennae
, segments not spinose. Pronotumpronotum:
the upper and dorsal part of the prothorax
usually broader than long, rounded, constricted at basebase:
the part of any appendage or structure that is nearest the body
, disk without large transversetransverse:
broader than long
carinaecarina:
an elevated ridge or keel, not necessarily high or acute
. Femora not spinosespinose:
armed with thorny spines, more elongate than echinate
. ElytraElytron:
the leathery forewing of beetles, serving as a covering for the hind wings, commonly meeting opposite elytron in a straight line down the middle of the dorsum in repose
narrowed gradually to apexapex:
end of any structure distad to the base
, apicesapex:
end of any structure distad to the base
rounded or truncatetruncate:
cut off squarely at the tip
 (Linsley 1964Linsley 1964:
Linsley, E.G. 1964. The Cerambycidae of North America. Part V. Taxonomy and classification of the subfamily Cerambycinae, tribes Callichromini through Ancylocerini. University of California Publications in Entomology, Vol. 22. 197 pp.). AntennaeAntenna:
in larval and adult insects, paired segmented appendages, borne one on each side of the head, functioning as sense organs and bearing a large number of sensilla
more or less distantly inserted, intervening space fairly even; metepisternummetepisternum:
the episternal portion of the pleuron on the posterior thoracic segment
broad, 2-3 times as long as broad (Gressitt 1951Gressitt 1951:
Gressitt, J.L. 1951. Longicorn beetles of China. Longicornia, Paris 2: 1-667, 22 pls.)

Similar genera

Perissus, Neoclytus

Differential diagnosis

Adults are recognizable by the strongly bicarinate fronsfrons:
the upper anterior portion of the head capsule, usually a distinct sclerite between the epicranium and clypeus
, the carinaecarina:
an elevated ridge or keel, not necessarily high or acute
frequently forming a Y-shape. The larvae are legless and usually have the posterior part of the pronotumpronotum:
the upper and dorsal part of the prothorax
velvety pubescentpubescent:
downy; clothed with soft, short, fine, loosely set hair
.

Distribution

New World: North America

Old World: all

Recorded host plants

broadleaf; Pinaceae

Remarks

(Xylotrechus) 205 species; (Kostiniclytus) 6 spp.; (Ootora) 5 spp.; (Rusticoclytus) 6 spp.; (Xyloclytus) 4 spp.; (Turanoclytus) 5 spp. Conifer feeding: X. (Xylotrechus) sagittatus, X. (X.) cuneipennis, X. (X.) albonotatus, X. (X.) bowditchi, X. (X.) integer, X. (X.) lengi, X. (X.) undulatus, X. (X.) schaefferi (cone feeding), X. (Ootora) villioni, X. (Xyloclytus) altaicus.

Synonyms

Clytomorphus Hellrigl, 1974, In Schwenke W. Hamburg. Die Forstschädlinge Europas 2. Band Käfer: p. 176

Taxonomy

Subgenus Xylotrechus Chevrolat, 1860, Ann. Soc. Ent. France, (3) 8: 456

Subgenus Kostiniclytus Danilevsky, 2009: 211

Subgenus Ootora Niisato & Wakejima, 2008: 442

Subgenus Rusticoclytus Vives, 1977: 130

Subgenus Xyloclytus Reitter, 1912: 46

Subgenus Turanoclytus Özdikmen, Bolu & Çelik, 2021: 135