References



A

Alford DV. 1984. A colour atlas of fruit pests. Their recognition, biology and control. Wolfe Publishing, London UK. 320 pp.

Alston D, Black B, and Murray M. 2009. Raspberry horntail (Hartigia cressonii). Utah State University Extension and Utah Plant Pest Diagnostic Laboratory Utah Pests Fact Sheet ENT-132-09: 1–4.

Altenhofer E and Zombori L. 1987. The species of Heterarthrus Stephens, 1835 feeding on maple (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae). Annales Historico-Naturales Musei Nationalis Hungarici 79: 185-197.

Asaro C and Allen DC. 2001. History of a pine false webworn (Hymenoptera: Pamphiliidae) outbreak in northern New York. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 31: 181–185. https://doi.org/10.1139/cjfr-31-1-181

Avila-Núñez JL, Otero LD, Silma S, and Calcagno-Pisarelli MP. 2007. Life history of Aneugmenus merida Smith (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae) in the Venezuelan Andes. Neotropical Entomology 36 (1): 22–027.

Azevedo ES. 1962. Note on Periclista albipennis Zadd. (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae), a pest of cork oak (Quercus suber L.) in Portugal. Transactions of the 11th International Congress of Entomology 2 (7–14): 192–194.

B

Baine Q and Looney C. 2019. Plant associations for three sawfly species (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae) in the Pacific Northwest. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 74: 27–33.

Baldini UA. 2002. Tremex fuscicornis: un factor de daño para el recurso forestal y agrícola. Universidad Católica de Chile - Agronomia y Forestal: 11–13.

Barker AM and Reynolds CJM. 2004. Do host-plant interactions and susceptibility to soil cultivation determine the abundance of graminivorous sawflies on British farmland? Journal of Agricultural and Urban Entomology 21 (4): 257–269.

Barker AM, Schaffner U, and Boevé JL. 2002. Host specificity and host recognition in a chemically-defended herbivore, the Tenthredinid sawfly Rhadinoceraea nodicornis Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 104: 61–68.

Battisti A and Boato A. 1998. Cephalcia masuttii sp. n. (Hymenoptera: Pamphiliidae), a new web-spinning sawfly living on spruce. European Journal of Entomology 95: 251–262.

Beaudoin L, Allais JP, and Geri C. 1997. Enzymatic polymorphism in natural populations of the sawfly Diprion pini L (Hymenoptera: Diprionidae). Annales des Sciences Forestieres 54: 505–512.

Beer RE. 1955. Biological studies in the genus Periclista (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae, Blennocompinae). Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society 28 (1): 19–26.

Benes K and Holusa J. 2015. Sawflies (Hymenoptera: Symphyta) in the northeast of the Czech Republic with special regard to spruce forests. Journal of Forest Science 61 (3): 112–130. https://doi.org/10.17221/112/2014-JFS

Benson RB. 1943. Studies in Siricidae, especially of Europe and southern Asia (Hymenoptera, Smphyta). Bulletin of Entomological Research 34 (1): 27–51. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007485300023464

Benson RB. 1951. Handbooks for the identification of British insects - Hymenoptera Royal Entomological Society of London vol. 6 part 2(a).

Benson RB. 1952. A new Anoplonyx destructive to lrach in Britain (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae). Bulletin of Entomological Research 43(3): 543-547.

Benson RB. 1962. Holarctic sawflies. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Entomology 12 (8): 379–409.

Benson RB. 1965a. Some sawflies new to the Himalayan region (Hymenoptera, Symphyta). Annals and Magazine of Natural History 13 (8: 87): 141–144. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222936508651551

Benson RB. 1965b. The classification of Rhogogaster Konow (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae). Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society of London. Series B: Taxonomy 34: 105–112.

Beres BL, Dosdall LM, Weaver DK, Cárcamo HA, and Spaner DM. 2010. Biology and integrated management of wheat stem sawfly and the need for continuing research. Canadian Entomologist 143: 105–125. https://doi.org//10.4039/n10-056

Blank SM. 2002. Taxonomic notes on Strongylogasterini (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 104 (3): 692-701.

Blank SM and Kramp K. 2017. Xyela davidsmithi (Hymenoptera, Xyelidae), a new pine catkin sawfly with an unusual host association from the Sierra Nevada. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 119 (Special Issue): 703–717.

Blank SM, Hara H, Mikulás J, Csóka G, Ciornei C, Constantineanu R, Constantineanu I, Roller L, Altenhofer E, Huflejt T, and Vétek G. 2010a. Aproceros leucopoda (Hymenoptera: Argidae): an East Asian pest of elms (Ulmus spp.) invading Europe. European Journal of Entomology 107(3): 357-367.

Blank SM, Vilhelmsen L, and Smith DR. 2010b. Ophrynon (Hymenoptera: Orussidae) in California: diversity, distribution, and phylogeny. Insect Systematics & Evolution 41: 3–27. https://doi.org/10.1163/139956009X12550095535756

Blank SM, Shinohara A, and Altenhofer E. 2013. The Eurasian species of Xyela (Hymenoptera, Xyelidae): taxonomy, host plants, and distribution. Zootaxa 3629 (1): 1–106. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3629.1.1

Blank SM, Köhler T, Pfannenstill T, Neuenfeldt N, Zimmer B, Jansen E, Taeger A, and Liston AD. 2014. Zig- zagging across Central Europe: recent range extension, dispersal speed and larval hosts of Aproceros leucopoda (Hymenoptera, Argidae) in Germany. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 41: 57-74. https://doi.org/10.3897/JHR.41.8681

Blank SM, Kramp K, Smith DR, Sundukov YN, Wei M, and Shinohara A. 2017. Big and beautiful: the Megaxyela species (Hymenoptera, Xyelidae) of East Asia and North America. European Journal of Taxonomy 348: 1–46.

Boevé JL. 2015. Multimodal defensive strategies in larvae of two Hemichroa sawfly species. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 46: 25-33. https://doi.org//10.3897/JHR.46.7064

Boevé JL and Müller C. 2005. Defence effectiveness of easy bleeding sawfly larvae towards invertebrate and avian predators. Chemoecology 15 (1): 51–58.

Boevé JL and Schaffner U. 2003. Why does the larval integument of some sawfly species disrupt so easily? The harmful hemolymph hypothesis. Oecologia 134: 104–111. https://doi.org//10.1007/s00442-002-1092-4

Boevé JL, Heilporn S, Dettner K, and Francke W. 2000. The secretion of the ventral glands in Cladius, Priophorus, and Trichiocampus sawfly larvae. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology 28: 857–864. https://doi.org//10.1016/S0305-1978(00)00008-9

Boevé JL, Sonet G, Nagy ZT, Symoens F, Altenhofer E, Häberlein C, and Schulz S. 2009. Defense by Volatiles in Leaf-Mining Insect Larvae. Journal of Chemical Ecology 35: 507–517. https://doi.org//10.1007/s10886-009-9627-3

Boevé JL, Marín-Armijos DS, Domínguez DF, and Smith DR. 2016. Sawflies (Hymenoptera: Argidae, Pergidae, Tenthredinidae) from southern Ecuador, with a new record for the country and some ecological data. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 51: 55–89. https://doi.org//10.3897/jhr.51.9830

Bolu H. 2016. Distribution, life history and biology of almond sawfly (Cimbex quadrimaculata (Müller, 1766), Hymenoptera: Cimbicidae). Scientific Papers Series A. Agronomy 59: 219–222.

Bonneau G and O'Neil LC. 1970. Analyses morphometriques chez Diprion frutetorum (F.) en fonction de differents fertilisants appliques a son hote: le pin rouge (Pinus resinosa). Annals of the Entomological Society of Quebec 15(2): 115-118.

Borowski J, Radosław P, Tomasz J, and Jacek H, Marek S. 2019. New data on the occurrence of Sirex carinthiacus Konow, (Hymenoptera, Symphyta, Siricidae) in Poland. World Scientific News 119: 238–242.

Bracken DF. 1961. The external morphology of two eastern species of the genus Anoplonyx (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae), with special reference to Anoplonyx luteipes (Cresson). The Canadian Entomologist 93: 573–593.

Brakie M. 2013. Plant guide for green ash (Fraxinus pennsylvanica). USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service, East Texas Plant Materials Center. Nacogdoches, Texas. 75964.

Budak M, Blank SM, and Basibüyük HH. 2017. Trachelus stipa (Hymenoptera: Cephidae), a new stem sawfly from Central Anatolia associated with feather grass (Stipa holosericea, Poaceae). Zootaxa 4277 (1): 99–110. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4277.1.7

BugGuide. Accessed January 2019. https://bugguide.net

Bugh V. 2010. Riddle of the purple sawfly larvae. Newsletter of the Austin Butterfly Forum March-April-May 2010.

Bugh V. 2015. The mystery of the purple larvae. Austin Bug Blog. Accessed 2019. http://austinbug.com/larvalbug/val/archval9-15.html

Buntin GD, Pike KS, Weiss MJ, and Webster JA. 2007. Handbook of small grain insects. Entomological Society of America.

Burch BJ. 1973. Notes on the pupation of the sawfly, Trichiosoma triangulum (Hymenoptera). Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science 80 (2): 59.

Burdick DJ. 1961. A taxonomic and biological study of the genus Xyela Dalman in North America. University of California Publications in Entomology 17 (3): 285–355.

Burnip GM, Voice D, and Brockerhoff EG. 2010. Interceptions and incursions of exotic Sirex species and other siricids (Hymenoptera: Siricidae). New Zealand Journal of Forestry Science 40: 133–140.

C

Calmasur Ö and Özbek H. 2004. Heterarthrus ochropoda (Klug) (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae), a new record and new pest of Populus spp.(Salicaceae) in Turkey. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 106(3): 717-21.

Cárcamo H, Entz T, and Beres B. 2007. Estimating Cephus cinctus wheat stem cutting damage — can we cut stem counts? Journal of Agricultural amd Urban Entomology 24 (3): 117–124.

Callan EM. 1978. Biological notes on the introduced sawfly Priophorus morio (Lepeletier) (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae) in Australia. Journal of Australian Entomological Society 17: 23–24.

Cameron P. 1883. Insecta. Hymenoptera. (families Tenthredinidae-Chrysididae). Biologia Centrali-Americana 1(1–10): 1–80.

Cameron NL, Carnegie AJ, Wardlaw T, Lawson S, and Venn T. Economic appraisal of Sirex woodwasp (Sirex noctilio) in Australian pine plantations. Australian Forestry 81 (1): 37–45. https://doi.org/10.1080/00049158.2018.1430436

Camper M and Cranshaw W. n.d. European woodwasp/Sirex woodwasp in Colorado - identification of insects and damage of similar appearance. Colorado Exotic Insect Detection and Identification Fact Sheet Series. Online Accessed Dec. 2018.

Carleton RD, Johns RC, Morrison A, and Morin B. 2014. Notes on the life-history of the balsam shootboring sawfly in the Maritimes region. Journal of the Acadian Entomological Society 10: 23–29.

Carrillo R, Mundaca N, and Cisternas E. 1990. Ametastegia glabrata (Fallen) especie fitófaga introducida a Chile (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae). Revista Chilena de Entomologia 18: 5–7.

Caruso S and Cera MC. 2004. Control strategies for plum sawflies (Hoplocampa flava, Hoplocampa minuta) in organic farming. Integrated plant protection in stone fruit IOBC/wprs Bulletin Vol. 27 (5): 105–107.

Chapman TA. 1914. The egg-laying of Trichiosoma (Tenthredinidae). Transactions of the Entomological Society of London 62 (1): 173–191. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2311.1914.tb01394.x

Chen ML, Xu ZW, Lin SB, Hu JH, and Liang XM. 2009. Bionomics of Eutomostethus reticulatus. Chinese Bulletin of Entomology 46 (4): 561–564.

Choi JK, Wei M, Vilhelmsen L, and Lee JW. 2014. A new Orusses species from South Korea, and a key to the East Asian Orussidae (Hymenoptera). Zootaxa 3873 (3): 250–258. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3873.3.4

Ciesla WM and Smith DR. 2011. Diprionid sawflies on lodgepole and ponderosa pines. USDA Forest, Insect, and Disease Leaflet 179: 1–12.

Cranshaw WS. 2006. Brownheaded ash sawfly. Insect series, Trees & shrubs 5.586. Minnesota Extension Service, St. Paul, MN.

Cranshaw W. 2013. Pigeon tremex horntail and the giant ichneumon wasp fact sheet no. 5.604. Colorado State University Extension Insect Series: Home and Garden.

Cresson ET. 1880. Descriptions of new North American Hymenoptera in the collection of the American Entomological Society. Transactions of the American Entomological Society 8 (1): 50–51.

Crooke M. 1953. Some notes on Anoplonyx destructor Benson. Bulletin of Entomological Research 44: 77–81.

Curtis J. 1829. British Entomology; Being illustrations and descriptions of the genera of insects found in Great Britain and Ireland: containing coloured figures from nature of the most rare and beautiful species, and in many instances of the plants upon which they are found. Vol. VI. Linnaean Society.

D

Dalla Torre KW. 1894. Catalogus Hymenopterorum hucusque descriptorum systematicus et synonymicus. Vol. 1: Tenthredinidae incl. Uroceridae (Phyllophaga & Xylophaga). Sumptibus Guilelmi Engelmann pp. 1–459.

Darling DC and Smith DR. 1985. Description and life history of a new species of Nematus (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae) on Robinia hispida (Fabaceae) in New York. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 87 (1) 225–230.

Davis CJ and Chong M. 1969. Recent introductions for biological control in Hawaii-XIV. Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society 20 (2): 317–322.

Davis CJ and Krauss NLH. 1967. Recent introductions for biological control in Hawaii-XII. Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society 19 (3): 375–380.

Deyrup MA. 1984. A maple wood wasp, Xiphydria maculata, and its insect enemies (Hymenoptera: Xiphydriiade). The Great Lakes Entomologist 17 (1): 17–28.

Digweed SC, MacQuarrie CJK, Langor DW, Williams DJM, Spence JR, Nystrom KL and Morneau L. 2009. Current status of invasive alien birch-leafmining sawflies (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae)  in Canada, with keys to species. Canadian Entomologist 141: 201-235.

Ding J, Fu W, Reardon R, Wu Y and Zhang G. 2004. Exploratory survey in China for potential insect biocontrol agents of mile-a-minute weed, Polygonum perfoliatum L., in eastern USA. Biological Control 30(2): 487-495.

Discover Life. Accessed January 2019. https://www.discoverlife.org

Downes W. 1925. The poplar sawfly (Trichiocampus viminalis (Fallén)). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of British Columbia 22: 26–32.

Downes W and Andison H. 1942. The apple sawfly Hoplocampa testudinea Klug. on Vancouver Island, British Columbia. Journal of the Entomological Society of British Columbia 39: 13–16.

Doychev D. 2015. First record of the invasive elm sawfly Aproceros leucopoda Takeuchi (Hymenoptera: Argidae) in Bulgaria. Silva Balcanica 16(1): 108-112.

E

Eaton ER and Kaufman K. 2007. Kaufman Field Guide to Insects of North America (Kaufman Field Guides). Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. 391 pp.

Ebrahimi L, Karbalaie H, Ziveh PS, Didehbaz G, and Dunphy GB. 2015. Susceptibility of larvae of wheat sawfly, Dolerus puncticollis (Tenthredinidae; Hymenoptera) to an entomopathogenic nematode, Steinernema carpocapsae and indoxacarb. Pakistan Entomologist: 37 (2): 79–82.

Eidt DC. 1969. The life histories, distribution, and immature forms of the North American sawflies of the genus Cephalcia (Hymenoptera: Pamphiliidae). Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada 101 (59): 5–56. https://doi.org/10.4039/entm10159fv

Eiseman CS. 2015. On the distinctive feeding pattern of Sterictiphora Billberg (Hymenoptera: Argidae) sawfly larvae. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 117 (1): 65–67.

Eiseman CS and Smith DR. 2017. Nearctic Species of Metallus Forbes (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae): Biology and Distribution. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 119(4): 551-564. https://doi.org/10.4289/0013-8797.119.4.551

Eiseman CS and Smith DR. 2019. Prolatus artus Smith (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae), a leafminer of Dichelostemma capitatum (Benth.) Alph. Wood (Asparagaceae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 121 (1): 115-118. https://doi.org/10.4289/0013-8797.121.1.115

Eiseman CS and Smith DR. 2020. New sawfly (Hymenoptera: Argidae, Tenthredinidae) host records from northeastern North America. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 122 (2): 299–307. https://doi.org/10.4289/0013-8797.122.2.299

Eiseman CS, Smith DR, and Leoschke MJ. 2017. Host, larva, and life history notes for Macrophya nigra (Norton) (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 119(1): 142-145.

Enderlein G. 1920. Symphytologica II. zur kenntnis der Tenthrediniden. Sitzungsberichte der Gesellschaft Naturforschender Freunde zu Berlin 9 (9): 347–374.

EPPO 2005. Sirex ermak. Data sheets on quarantine pests. European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization OEPP/EPPO Bulletin 35: 453–455.

F

Führer E. 1998. Oak decline in Central Europe: A synopsis of hypothesis. Proceedings of population dynamics, impacts, and integrated management of forest defoliating insects. USDA Forest Service General Technical Report NE-247: 7–24.

Führer E and Fischer P. 1991. Towards integrated control of Cephalcia abietis, a defoliator of Norway spruce in central Europe. Forest Ecology and Management 39: 87–95. https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-1127(91)90166-S

Fernandez F. 1995. La diversidad de los Hymenoptera en Colombia. Pp. 373–442. In: Rangel JO, ed. Colombia diversiadad biotica 1. Universidad Nacional de Colombia y Inderena. Santafe de Bogota, Columbia.

Firake DM, Behere GT, Firkae PD, Rajkhoa DJ, Azad Thakur NS, Saini MS, Rahman Z, and Ngachan SV. 2013. Arge xanthogaster (Hymenoptera: Argidae): a new threat to rose plants in Meghalaya, India. Florida Entomologist 96 (4): 1298–1304. https://doi.org/10.1653/024.096.0408

Forest Survey of India. 2009. Section 7.18 Maghalaya. Pp. 122–124. In: India state of forest report 2009. Forest Survey of India - Ministry of Environment and Forests. Dehradun, India.

Fukuda H and Hijii N. 1997. Reproductive strategy of a woodwasp with no fungal symbionts, Xeris spectrum (Hymenoptera: Siricidae). Oecologia 112 (4): 551–556.

Fulbright J, Wanner K, Bekkerman A, and Weaver D. 2011. Wheat stem sawfly biology. Montana State University Extension MontGuide MT201107AG.

Furniss RL and Carolin VM. 1977. Western forest insects. United States Deptartment of Agriculture Forest Service Miscellaneous Publication 1339: 1–655.

G

Gangrou X. 1995. A new species of the genus Nematus (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae) from China. Forest Research 8 (5): 497–499.

Gangrou X and Zeng H. 1998. A new species of the genus Cephalcia (Hymenoptera: Pamphiliidae) from China. Forest Research 11 (5): 488–490.

Georgiev G. 2006. Fenusella hortulana (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae) and Shawiana catenator (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) - new species to the fauna of Bulgaria. Acta Zoologica Bulgarica 58 (2): 275–278.

Georgis R and Hague NGM. 1988. Field evaluation of Steinernema feltiae against the web-spinning larch sawfly Cephalcia lariciphila. Journal of Nematology 20 (2): 317–320.

Gibbs D. 2006. Rose bud sawfly, Monardis plana (Klug) (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae), new to Britain, discovered in South Wales. British Journal of Entomology and Natural History 19: 105–108.

Gibson GAP. 1980a. Deda, a new genus of sawflies from western North America (Hymenoptera: Symphyta, Tenthredinidae). The Canadian Entomologist 112 (3): 249–258.

Gibson GAP. 1980b. A revision of the genus Macrophya Dahlbom (Hymenoptera: Symphyta, Tenthredinidae) of North America. Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada 114: 1–167.

Goldstein M, Martin D, Schrader B, Hennon P, Holsten E, and Kruse J. 2005. Assessment of invasive species in Alaska and its national forests. USDA Forest Service Assessment Regional Office, Anchorage, AK. 26 pp.

Gorlenko SV, Panko NA, and Podobnaya NA. 1984. Pests and diseases of rose. Nauka I tekhnika, Minsk, USSR. p 127.

Gorske SF, Hopen HJ, and Randell R. 1977. Bionomics of the purslane sawfly, Schizocerella pilicornis. Annals of the Entomological Society of America 70 (1): 104–106.

Goulet H. 1981a. New external distinguishing characters for the sawflies Gilpinia hercyniae and G. polytoma (Hymonoptera: Diprionidae). The Canadian Entomologist 113: 769–771.

Goulet H. 1981b. Distinguishing external features of adult males and females of North American species of Phymatocera Dahlbom (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae) and their phylogeny. Canadian Entomologist 113: 801–806.

Goulet H. 1986. The genera and species of the Nearctic Dolerini (Symphyta: Tenthredinidae: Selandriinae): classification and phylogeny. Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada 135: 1–208.

Goulet H. 1992. The genera and subgenera of the sawflies of Canada and Alaska: Hymenoptera. Symphyta. The insects and arachnids of Canada. Part 20. Agriculture Canada Publication.

Goulet H. 1996. Revision of the nearctic species of the Arcuata group of the genus Tenthredo with notes on the higher classification of the Tenthredinini (Hymenoptera: Symphyta, Tenthredinidae). Contributions of the American Entomological Institute 29 (2): 1-135.

Goulet H. 2017. A second species of Scolioneura (Tenthredinidae: Heterarthrinae: Fenusini) in western North America. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 119 (Special Issue): 778–788. https://doi.org/10.4289/0013-8797.119.SpecialIssue.778

Goulet H, Boudreault C, and Schiff N. 2015. Revision of the world species of Xeris Costa (Hymenoptera: Siricidae). Canadian Journal of Arthropod Identification 28: 1–127. https://doi.org/10.3752/cjai.2015.28

Gourlay ES. 1926. Echthromorpha intricatoria, found in New Zealand. Entomologists Monthly Magazine 62: 169–171.

Gratwick M. 1992. Caterpillars on currants and gooseberry. In: Gratwick M, eds. Crop Pests in the UK: 103–107. Springer, Dordrecht.

Greenbaum HN. 1974. A new Xyela (Hymenoptera: Xyelidae) from Florida. The Florida Entomologist 57 (1): 104–106.

Greenbaum HN. 1975. A new species of Acantholyda from Florida, with keys to the adults and larvae of Florida species (Hymenoptera: Pamphiliidae: Cephalciinae). The Florida Entomologist 58 (1): 45–52.

Greenbaum HN. 1977. Dispersal of the introduced Palaearctic sawfly, Halidamia affinis (Fallen), in North America (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 79 (4): 559-560.

Grevstad FS, Andreas JE, Bourchier RS, Shaw R, Winston RL, and Randall CB. 2018. Biology and biological control of knotweeds. USDA Forest Service, Forest Health Assessment and Applied Sciences Team, Morgantown, West Virginia. FHTET-2017-03.

Gutue C and Ungureanu F. 2015. Combating the rose tip-infesting sawfly: Ardis brunniventris HTG. In: Agrarian Economy and Rural Development - Realities and Perspectives for Romania. 6th Edition of the International Symposium, The Research Institute for Agricultural Economy and Rural Development (ICEADR), Bucharest, pp. 237-240.

H

Hajek AE and Morris EE. 2014. XXXII Sirex woodwasp (Sirex noctilio Fabricius) (Hymenoptera: Siricidae). In: Van Driesche R and Reardon R, eds. The use of classical biological control to preserve forests in North America. USDA Forest Service Forest Health Technology Enterprise Team FHTET-2013-2.

Hajek AE, Nielsen C, Kepler RM, Long SJ, and Castrillo L. 2013. Fidelity among Sirex woodwasps and their fungal symbionts. Microbial Ecology 65: 753–762. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00248-013-0218-z

Hale FA. 2011. Insects: maple petiole borer. University of Tennessee Extension Publications SP290-M.

Hamilton DW. 1950. Profenusa canadensis, a pest of English morello cherries in eastern New York. Journal of Economic Entomology 43 (5): 694–696.

Hanson PE. 1986. Biology of Janus rufiventris (Hymenoptera: Cephidae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America 79 (3): 488–490.

Hanson PE and Miller JC. 1988. Notes on the biology of Caenocephus aldrichi Bradley (Hymenoptera: Cephidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 90 (2): 204–206.

Hara H. 2011. A new slug sawfly, Caliroa nara sp. nov. (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae), infesting oak trees, with taxonomic notes on C. angustata and C. annulipes. Japanese Journal of Systematic Entomology 17 (2): 369–383.

Hara H and Shinohara A. 2013. A slug sawfly, Caliroa matsumotonis (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae), injurious to peach and pear trees in Japan and Korea. Applied Entomology and Zoology 48 (3): 379–386.

Hard JS, Torgersen TR, and Schmiege DC. Hemlock sawfly. USDA Forest Service Forest Insect and Disease Leaflet 31: 1-7.

Haris A. 2000. Study on the Palaearctic Dolerus Panzer, 1801 species (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae). Folia Entomologica Hungarica 61: 95–148.

Haris A. 2006. Study on the Palaearctic Pristiphora species (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae). Natura Somogyiensis 9: 201–277.

Haris A. 2015. Sawflies from China (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae). Natura Somogyiensis 26: 79–94.

Harizanova V, Stoeva A, and Rector BG. 2012. Host range testing and biology of Abia sercea (Cimbicidae), a candidate for biological control of invasive teasels (Dipsacus spp.) in North America. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 28: 1–11. https://doi.org/10.3897/JHR.28.3044

Hartsough CDB, Connor EF, Smith DR, and Spicer GS. 2007. Systematics of two feeding morphs of Schizocerella pilicornis (Hymenoptera: Argidae) and recognition of two species. Annals of the Entomological Society of America 100 (3): 375–380.

Heads PA and Lawton JH. 1985. Bracken, ants, and extrafloral nectaries. III. How insect herbivores avoid ant predation. Ecological Entomology 10: 29–42.

Heidemaa M, Nuorteva M, Hantula J, and Saarma U. 2004. Dolerus asper Zaddach, 1859 and Dolerus brevicornis Zaddach, 1859 (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae), with notes on their phylogeny. European Journal of Entomology 101: 637–650.

Hill DS. 1987. Agricultural insect pests of temperate regions and their control. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge UK.

Hoebeke ER and Johnson WT. 1985. A European privet sawfly, Macrophya punctumalbum (L.): North American distribution host plants, seasonal history and descriptions of the immature stages (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 87 (1): 25–33.

Hoelmer KA and Shanower T. 2004. Foreign exploration for natural enemies of cephid sawflies. Journal of Agricultural and Urban Entomology 21 (4): 223–238.

Holusa J, and Drápela K. 2003. Integrated management of little spruce sawfly (Pristiphora abietina): design pattern. In: McManus ML, Liebhold AM, eds. Proceedings: Ecology, Survey and Management of Forest Insects GTR-NE-311: 16-24. 

Holusa J and Kuras T. 2010. Diurnal behavior of Cephalcia lariciphila (Hymenoptera: Pamphiliidae): relation to climatic factors and significance for monitoring. European Journal of Forest Research 129: 243–248. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10342-009-0321-3

Hopping GR. 1937. Sawfly biologies no. 2, Hemichroa crocea Geoffroy. Canadian Entomologist 69 (11): 243-249.

Hosseini R and Sahragard A. 2003. Study on the morphological characters and some features of biology and spatial distribution pattern of rose minor leaf eating sawfly, Allantus viennensis (Schr.) (Hym.; Tenthredinidae) in Guilan University. Journal of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources 10 (2): 103–115.

Hua B, Xu Z, Liao L, Hu J, and Wu J. 2004. The morphology and life cycle of Eutomostethus longidentus. Kunchong zhishi 41 (6): 589–592.

Humble LM. 2010. First North American records for Heterarthrus vagans (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae), a Palearctic leafmining sawfly of alder. Canadian Entomologist 142: 181–187.

I

Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Accessed January 2019. https://www.itis.gov

Ivie MA. 2001. On the geographic origin of the wheat stem sawfly (Hymenoptera: Cephidae): a new hypothesis of introduction from northeastern Asia. American Entomologist 47 (2): 84–97.

Ivie MA and Zinovjev AG. 1996. Discovery of the wheat stem sawfly (Cephus cinctus Norton) (Hymenoptera: Cephidae) in Asia, with the proposal of a new synonymy. The Canadian Entomologist 128 (2): 347–348

J

James DG, Petroski RJ, Cossé AA, Zilkowski BW, and Bartelt RJ. 2003. Bioactivity, synthesis, and chirality of the sex pheromone of currant stem girdler, Janus integer. Journal of Chemical Ecology 29 (10): 2189–2199. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1026210111334

Jeger M, Bragard C, Caffier D, Candresse T, Chatzivassiliou E, Dehnen-Schmutz K, Gilioli G, Jaques Miret JA, MacLeod A, Navajas Navarro M, Niere B, Parnell S, Potting R, Rafoss T, Rossi V, Urek G, Van Bruggen A, Van der Werf W, West J, Winter S, Battisti A, Kert_esz V, Aukhojee M, and Gregoire J-C. 2017. Scientific opinion on the pest categorisation of Gilpinia hercyniae. European Food Safety Authority Panel on Plant Health. EFSA Journal 15 (12): 5108. https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2017.5108

Johnson CW. 1930. On the variation and abundance of Sirex nitidus Harris. Psyche 37 (3): 281–282. https://doi.org/10.1155/1930/62786

K

Kato Y and Shinohara A. 2018. A new record of the genus Cladius Illiger (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae) from Vietnam. Japanese Journal of Systematic Entomology 24 (1): 19–20.

Kazenas VL and Temreshev II. 2016. Horntails (Hymenoptera: Siricidae, Xiphydriidae) of Almatinskaya Oblast of Kazakhstan. Euroasian Entomological Journal 15 (5): 403–411.

Keen FP. 1958. Cone and seed insects of western forest trees. USDA Technical Bulletin 1169.

Kenis M and Kloosterman K. 1999. European parasitoids of the pine false webworm (Acantholyda erythrocephala (L.)) and their potential for biological control in North America. In: Liebhold AM, McManus ML, Otvos IS, Fosbroke SLC eds. 2001. Proceedings: integrated management and dynamics of forest defoliating insects: Victoria, British Columbia 1999 August: 65–73.

Khayrandish M, Talebi AA, Blank SM, and Fathipour Y. 2015. Study on the genus Ametastegia Costa (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae: Allantinae) in northern Iran, with the description of a new species. Journal of Insect Biodiversity and Systematics 1 (1): 17–32.

Khosravi R, Jalali Sendi J, Ebrahimi E, and Blank SM. 2014. First record of Cladius (Priophorus) rufipes (Hym.: Tenthredinidae) from Iran. Journal of Entomological Society of Iran 33 (4): 73–75.

Khosravi R, Sendi JJ, Zibaee A, and Shokrgozar MA. 2015. Virulence of four Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) (Asc., Hypocreales) isolates on rose sawfly, Arge rosae under laboratory condition. Journal of King Saud University 27 (1): 49–53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jksus.2014.04.003

Kirby WF. 1882. List of Hymenoptera with descriptions and figures of the typical specimens in the British Museum. Vol. 1 Tenthredinidae and Siricidae. Taylor and Francis, London.

Klass C. 1974. Horntails or wood wasps. Insect Diagnotic Laboratory Cornell University.

Klingeman WE, Chen F, Kim HJ, and Flanagan PC. 2007. Feeding preferences of dogwood sawfly larvae indicate resistance in Cornus. Journal of Environmental Horticulture 25 (3): 134–138.

Koch F. 1988a. Die gattung Claremontia Rohwer (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae). Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift, Neue Folge 35 (4–5): 311–330.

Koch F. 1988b. Eine neue art der gattung Macremphytus MacGillivray, 1908 (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae). Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift, Neue Folge 35 (1–3): 199–201.

Koch F and Smith DR. 2000. Nematus oligospilus Forster (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae), an introduced willow sawfly in the Southern Hemisphere. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 102 (2): 292–349.

Koch F and Smith DR. 2011. A new species of Caliroa (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae) from South Africa. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 113 (4): 442–450. http://dx.doi.org/10.4289/0013-8797.113.4.442

Konow FW. 1904. Ein neues Tenthrediniden-Genus. (Hym.). Zeitschrift für systematische Hymenopterologie und Dipterologie 4 (1): 3–4.

Kraemer ME, Coppel HC, Kikukawa T, Matsumura F, Thomas HA, Thompson LC and Mori K. 1983. Field and electroantennogram responses to sex pheromone optical isomers by four fall-flying sawfly species (Hymenoptera: Diprionidae, Neodiprion). Environmental Entomology 12: 1592-1596.

Kruse JJ, Smith DR, and Schiff NM. 2010. Monsoma pulveratum (Retzius) (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae: Allantinae), a Palaearctic [sic] sawfly defoliator of alder in Alaska and new to the United States. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 112 (2): 332–335.

Kurppa S. 1989. Pests of cultivated plants in Finland during 1988. Annales Agriculturae Fenniae 28 (2): 97–102.

L

Lacourt J. 1990. Le genre Aneugmenus Hartig 1837 en Afrique du nord (Hymenoptera Tenthredinidae). Bulletin Mensuel de la Société Linnéenne de Lyon 59 (6): 170–172.

Langford GS and McConnell HS. 1935. Biology of Tomostethus multicinctus (Roh.), a sawfly attacking ash. Journal of Economic Entomology 28 (1): 208–210.

Langström B, Annila E, Hellqvist C, Varama M, and Niemelä P. 2001. Tree mortality, needle biomass recovery, and growth losses in Scots pine following defoliation by Diprion pini (L.) and subsequent attack by Tomicus piniperda (L.). Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research 16 (4): 342–353. https://doi.org/10.1080/02827580118325

Larew H and Capizzi J. 1983. Common insect and mite galls of the Pacific Northwest. Oregon State University Press. 80 pp.

Lawton JH. 1988. Biological control of bracken in Britain: constraints and opportunities. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London 318: 335–355.

Leblanc L and Goulet H. 1992. Descriptions of larvae of eight Nearctic species of Dolerus (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae) with focus on six Equisetum-feeding species from the Ottawa region. The Canadian Entomologist 124: 999–1014.

Lelej AS and Taeger A. 2007. Fam. Tenthredinidae—sawflies. Key to the insects of Russian Far East 4: 947–958.

Lesieur V, Martin JF, Weaver DK, Hoelmer KA, Smith DR, Morrill WL, Kadiri N, Peairs FB, Cockrell DM, Randolph TL, Waters D, and Bon MC. 2016. Phylogeography of the wheat stem sawfly, Cephus cintus Norton (Hymenoptera: Cephidae): Implications for pest management. PLOS ONE 11 (12): 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0168370

Li Y and Hulcr J. 2015. Asian Horntail Eriotremex formosanus (Matsumura) (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Symphyta: Siricidae: Tremicinae). University of Florida EENY 628.

Li T, Sheng ML, and Sun SP. 2012. Species of the genus Lamachus Forster (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) parasitizing diprionid sawflies (Hymenoptera, Diprionidae) with descriptions of the two new species and a key to Chinese species. ZooKeys 249: 37–49. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.249.4069

Liang XM. 2012. Morphology and biology on Tenthredo nubipennis. Journal of Zhejiang A&F University 29 (3): 431–434.

Lindquist PH and Harnden AA. 1970. A study of the biology of the web-spinning sawfly Pamphilius ochreipes (Hymenoptera: Pamphiliidae) in Ontario. The Canadian Entomologist 102: 95–97.

Lindquist OH and Trinnell JR. 1965. The trefoil sawfly, Atomacera debilis Say (Hymenoptera: Argidae), in Ontario. The Canadian Entomologist 97: 181–184.

Liston AD. 1980. Why sawflies of the Tenthredo arcuata-schaefferi complex (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae) visit flowers. Annales Zoologici Fennici 46: 85–88.

Liston AD. 1982. Aspects of the biology of Euura amerinae (Linnaeus) (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae). Journal of Applied Entomology 94: 56–61.

Liston AD. 1995. Compendium of European sawflies. list of species, modern nomenclature, distribution, foodplants, identification literature. Chalastos Forestry, Gottfrieding pp. 1–190.

Liston AD. 2007. Notes on Palearctic sawflies, with particular reference to the German fauna (Hymenoptera, Symphyta). Nachrichtenblatt der Bayerischen Entomologen 56 (3–4): 82–97.

Liston AD. 2012. The identity of a stem sawfly recorded as a pest of Rosa damascena in Iran. Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection 45: 1–3. https://doi.org/10.1080/03235408.2012.655151

Liston AD and Prous M. 2014. Sawfly taxa (Hymenoptera, Symphyta) described by Edward Newman and Charles Healy. ZooKeys 398: 83–98. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.398.6595

Liston AD and Späth J. 2006. On the biology of Abia nitens (Linne, 1758): a thermophile sawfly with a diurnal larval feeding-pattern (Hymenoptera: Symphyta: Cimbicidae). Pp. 129–138. In: Blank SM, Schmidt S, and Taeger A. eds. Recent sawfly research: synthesis and prospects. Goecke & Evers, Keltern.

Liston AD, Taeger A and Blank SM. 2006. Comments on European sawflies. Pp. 245–263. In: Blank SM, Schmidt S, and Taeger A. eds. Recent sawfly research: synthesis and prospects. Goecke & Evers, Keltern.

Liston AD, Savina H, Nagy ZT, Sonet G, and Boeve JL. 2014. Taxonomy, phylogeny, and host plants of some Abia sawflies (Hymenoptera, Cimbicidae). Zootaxa 3821 (1): 125–132. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3821.1.9

Liston AD, Goergen G, and Koch F. 2017a. Revisions of the Afrotropical genera of Argidae and species of Pampsilota Konow, 1899 (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinoidea). Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 64 (1): 1–25. https://doi.org/10.3897/dez.64.10800

Liston AD, Heibo E, Prous M, Vårdal H, Nyman T, and Vikberg V. 2017b. North European gall-inducing Euura sawflies (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae, Nematinae). Zootaxa 4302 (1): 1–115. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4302.1.1

Liston AD, Vårdal H, and Prous M. 2018 New and poorly-known sawflies (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinoidea) from Sweden, with taxonomic notes on Palaearctic [sic] Heptamelus species described by Swedish authors. Entomologist Tidskrift 139: 119-131.

Liston AD, Prous M, and Vårdal H. 2019a. A review of West Palaearctic Hoplocampa species, focussing [sic] on Sweden (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae). Zootaxa 4615 (1): 1–45. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4615.1.1

Liston AD, Prous M, and Vårdal H. 2019b. The West Palaearctic Pseudodineura and Endophytus species (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae). Zootaxa 4614 (3): 511–528.

Liston AD, Vårdal H, and Prous M. 2018. New and poorly-known sawflies (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinoidea) from Sweden, with taxonomic notes on Palaearctic [sic] Heptamelus species described by Swedish authors. Entomologist Tidskrift 139: 119–131.

Looney C, Sheehan K, Bai B, Flowers R, Kohler G, LaGasa E, McKorney AE, and Smith DR. 2012. The distribution of a potential new forest pest, Monsoma pulveratum (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae), in the Pacific Northwest states. Northwest Science 86 (4): 342–345.

Looney C, Smith DR, Collman SJ, Langor DW, and Peterson MA. 2016. Sawflies (Hymenoptera, Symphyta) newly recorded from Washington State. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 49: 129–159. https://doi.org/10.3897/JHR.49.7104

Lotfalizadeh H, Shiri T, and Liston AD. 2017. Poplar tree blotch leaf-miner, Fenusella hortulana (Klug) (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae), a new pest of Populus in Iran with review of its geographical distribution. Journal of Insect Biodiversity and Systematics 3 (3): 273–279.

Lucía M, Abrahamovich AH, Trejo E, and Smith DR. 2007. First record of the raspberry pest Priophorus brullei (Dahlbom) (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae: Nematinae: Cladiini) in South America. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 109 (2): 496–499.

Lyons LA. 1964. The European pine sawfly, Neodiprion sertifer (Geoff.) (Hymenoptera: Diprionidae): A review with emphasis on studies in Ontario. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Ontario 94: 5–37.

Lyons DB. 2014. X Introduced pine sawfly (Diprion similis [Hartig]) (Hymenoptera: Diprionidae). In: Van Driesche R and Reardon R eds. The use of classical biological control to preserve forests in North America. USDA Forest Service Forest Health Technology Enterprise Team FHTET-2013-2.

Lyytikäinen-Saarenmaa P and Tomppo E. 2002. Impact of sawfly defoliation on growth of Scots pine Pinus sylvestris (Pinaceae) and associated economic losses. Bulletin of Entomological Research 92: 137–140. https://doi.org/10.1079/BER2002154

M

Maa T. 1949. A synopsis of Asiatic Siricoidea with notes on certain exotic and fossil forms. Notes d'Entomologie Chinoise 13 (2): 11–189.

Macek J. 2013. Descriptions of larvae of Birka annulitarsis and B. cinereipes (Hymenoptera: Symphyta: Tenthredinidae). Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 53(2): 815–819. 

Macek J. 2014. Descriptions of larvae of the Central European Eutomostethus species (Hymenoptera: Symphyta: Tenthredinidae). Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 54 (2): 685–692.

MacGillivray AD. 1908. A new genus and species of Blennocampinae from Texas. The Canadian Entomologist 40 (12): 454–455.

MacGillivray AD. 1919. Leucopelmonus confusus, Norton - Tenthredinidae. Canadian Entomologist 51: 33-35.

Mackay PA and Wellington WG. 1977. Notes on the life history and habits of the red-backed sawfly, Eriocampa ovata (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae). The Canadian Entomologist 109 (1): 53–58.

Madden JL. 1988. Chapter 20 - Sirex in Australasia. Pp. 407–429. In: Berryman AA ed. Dynamics of Forest Insect Populations. Springer Science and Business Media New York.

Malipatil MB, Naumann ID, and Williams DG. 1995. First record of dock sawfly Ametastegia glabrata (Fallen) in Australia (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae). Journal of the Australian Entomological Society 34: 95–96.

Maozhi W, Zhijian Z, Yonghai T, Sishan X, and Dewen S. 1990. Influnce [sic] of Eutomostethus nigritus Xiao on the growth of moso bamboo and its control. Journal of Zhejiang Forestry College 4: 5.

Marchisio C, Cescatti A, and Battisti A. 1994. Climate, soils, and Cephalcia arvensis outbreaks in Picea abies in the Italian Alps. Forest Ecology and Management 68: 375–384.

Marlatt CL. 1886. Notes on a red cedar saw-fly. Transactions of the Annual Meetings of the the Kansas Academy of Science 10: 80–83.

Martel V. 2020. Citizen scientist spots a newcomer on Canadian elm trees. Simply Science, Natural Resources Canada. Online.

Matsumura S. 1912. Thousand insects of Japan. Supplement IV. Keiseisha, Tokyo, 1–247.

Mattson WJ, Niemela P, Millers I, and Inguanzo Y. 1994. Immigrant phytophagous insects on woody plants in the United States and Canada: an annotated list. US Department of Agriculture Forest Service General Technical Report NC-169.

Meshkova V, Kukina O, Zinchenko O, and Davydenko K. 2017. Three-year dynamics of common ash defoliation and crown condition in the focus of black sawfly Tomostethus nigritus F. (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae). Baltic Forestry 23 (1): 303–308.

Middlekauff WW. 1958. The North American sawflies of the genera Acantholyda, Cephalcia, and Neurotoma (Hymenoptera, Pamphiliidae). University of California Publications in Entomology 14 (2): 51–174.

Middlekauff WW. 1964. The North American sawflies of the genus Pamphilius (Hymenoptera: Pamphiliidae). University of California Publications in Entomology 38: 1–80.

Middlekauff WW. 1967. A new species of Augomonoctenus from California. The Pan-Pacific Entomologist 43 (4): 272–273.

Middlekauff WW. 1969. The cephid stem borers of California (Hymenoptera: Cephidae). Bulletin of the California Insect Survey 2: 1–25.

Middlekauff WW. 1974. Larva of the wood-boring sawfly Syntexis libocedrii Rohwer (Hymenoptera: Syntexidae). The Pan-Pacific Entomologist 50 (3): 288–290.

Middlekauff WW. 1983. A revision of the sawfly family Orussidae for North and Central America (Hymenoptera: Symphyta, Orussidae). University of California Publications in Entomology 101: 1–46.

Middlekauff WW. 1988. A new species of Neurotoma from Michigan (Hymenoptera: Symphyta, Pamphiliidae). Pan-Pacific Entomologist 64 (3): 270–274.

Middleton W. 1915. Notes on some sawfly larvae belonging to the genus Dimorphopteryx. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 48 (2083): 497-501.

Miles HW. 1935. Biological studies of certain species of Caliroa Costa and Endelomyia Ashmead (Hymenoptera Symphyta). Annals of Applied Biology 22 (1): 116–133. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7348.1935.tb07712.x

Milius S. 2001. Why fly into a forest fire? It’s one way to meet a lot of great bugs. Science News 159: 140–141.

Miller F and Ware G. 2014. Seasonal activity, within-tree distribution, and ovipositional and feeding preference of the elm leafminer, Fenusa ulmi (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae). Journal of Environmental Horticulture 32 (1): 39–48.

Mitali E, Vettorazzo M and Battisti. 2013. Defoliation by the ash sawfly Tomostethus nigritus in north-eastern Italy. Sherwood - Foreste ed Alberi Oggi (195): 17–21.

Mitchell C, Brennan RM, Cross JV, and Johnson SN. 2011. Arthropod pests of currant and gooseberry crops in the U.K.: their biology, management, and future prospects. Agricultural and Forest Entomology 13: 221–237. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1461-9563.2010.00513.x

Mocsáry A 1881. Hymenoptera nova e variis orbis terrarum partibus. Természetrajzi Füzetek 5 (1): 29–37.

Molet TP. 2011. Diprion pini. Cooperative Agricultural Pest Survey (CAPS) datasheet. Purdue University. 10 pp.

Monjarás-Barrera JI, Morales-Reyes C, and Smith DR. 2015. A new species of Sphacophilus (Hymenoptera: Argidae) from Mexico feeding on chipilin, Crotalaria longirostrata (Fabaceae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 117 (2): 179–182. https://doi.org/10.4289/0013-8797.117.2.179

N

Naito T, Smith DR, and Fu-Sheng H. 1998. Records of Cephidae (Hymenoptera) from China and southeastern Asia, with two new species of Janus Stephens. The Japanese Journal of Systematic Entomology 4 (2): 237–242.

Nakahara L. 1979. Cladius difformis. Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society 8 (1): 16–17.

Naya M, Avila-Núñez JL, and Calcagno-Pissarelli MP. 2016. Haemolymph [sic] defense capacity of the Neotropical sawfly Aneugmenus merida against ant predation. Journal of Insect Behavior 29 (4): 459–472.

Newcomer EJ. 1916. The dock false-worm: an apple pest (No. 265). US Department of Agriculture.

Nichols SW. 1989. The Torre-Bueno Glossary of Entomology. Dept. of Entomology, Cornell University, Ithaca New York, USA. Pp. xvii–840

Nikolic Z, Brajkovic MM, Curcic SB, and Milivojevic T. 2007 First finding for the entomofauna of Serbia. Archives of Biological Science 59 (4): 69–70. https://doi.org/10.2298/ABS070469PN

Niu G and Wei M. 2013. Review of Aneugmenus Hartig (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae) with description of a new species from China and a key to world species (excluding Neotropical). Entomotaxonomia 35 (3): 221–232.

Nordin GL and Johnson EL. 1983. Biology of Caliroa quercuscoccineae (Dyar) (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae) in Central Kentucky I. Observations on the taxonomy of principal life stages. Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society 56 (3): 305–314.

Nyman T. 2002. The willow bud galler Euura mucronata Hartig (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae): one polyphage or many monophages? Heredity 88: 288–295.

Nyman T, Farrell BD, Zinovjev AG, and Vikberg V. 2006a. Larval habits, host-plant associations, and speciation in Nematine sawflies (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae). Evolution 60 (8): 1622–1637.

Nyman T, Zinovjev AG, Vikberg V, and Farrell BD. 2006b. Molecular phylogeny of the sawfly subfamily Nematinae (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae). Systematic Entomology 31: 569–583. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3113.2006.00336.x

O

Östrand F, Anderbrant O, Jönsson P, and Lyytikäinen-Saarenmaa P. 2001. Capture rates of the European pine sawfly, Neodiprion sertifer, in pheromone traps, with special regard to effects of wind speed. Journal of Chemical Ecology 27(8): 1561-1574. 

Özbek H and Çalmaşur Ö. 2005. A review of insects and mites associated with roses in Turkey. In: Nybom H and Rumpunen K, eds. Proceedings of the 1st International Rose Hip Conference. Acta Horticulturae 690: 167–174. https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2005.690.25

O’Brien DD. 2015. Doggone insect pests of dogwood! Branching Out IPM Newsletter, Plant Pathology & Plant-Microbe Biology, Cornell University 22 (7).

Ohmart CP and Dahlsten DL. 1979. Biological studies of bud mining sawflies, Pleroneura spp. (Hymenoptera: Xyelidae), on white fir in the central Sierra Nevada of California III. Mortality factors of egg, larval, and adult stages and a partial life table. Canadian Entomologist 111: 883–888.

Okutani T. 1963. Descriptions of the larvae of horntails. Science Reports of the Hyogo University of Agriculture 6 (1): 23–27.

Osborne H. 1884. The ash saw-fly (Selandria barda Say). The Canadian Entomologist 16 (8): 148–152.

Otsuka K. 1991. Defoliation to maintain multivoltinism: host regulation by a sawfly Strongylogaster osmundae (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae) on osmund fern Osmunda japonica (Dissertation). Kyoto University. https://doi.org/10.11501/3052937

Ovruski SM and Smith DR. 1993. Descriptions of immature stages of Nematus desantisi (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae), a pest of Salicaceae in Argentina and Chile. Entomological News 104 (4): 153–160.

P

Paradis R. 1980. L'hoplocampe des pommes, Hoplocampa testudinea (Klug) (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae) au Quebec. Phytoprotection 61(1): 26-29.
 

Park CH and Lee BY. 1993. Life history of the forsythia sawfly, Apareophora forsythiae Sato (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae). Korean Journal of Applied Entomology 32 (4): 457–459.

Park J, Lee IY, Park JE, and Kwon O. 2008. Allantus luctifer (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae), a candidate agent for the biological control of Rumex spp. Entomological Research 38: 221–225. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-5967.2008.00161.x

Parra Sanhueza P, González González MV, Salinas R, and Aguirre S. 2007. D. A. Estrategia de manejo integrado de Tremex fuscicornis (Fabr.) en Chile. Instituto Forestal. Sanitario Forestal No. 5.

Pavek PLS and Skinner DM. 2013. Roses of the inland Pacific Northwest: native and invasive species  identification,  biology  and  control.  USDA Natural Resources  Conservation  Service, Plant Materials Technical Note 21: 1–23.

Petre CA, Detrain C, and Boeve JL. 2007. Anti-predator defense mechanisms in sawfly larvae of Arge (Hymenoptera, Argidae). Journal of Insect Physiology 53: 668–675.

Pickering J. 2009. Database of Hymenoptera in America north of Mexico. Proceedings of Life. http://www.discoverlife.org/proceedings/0000/6

Poinar G and Smith DR. 2003. Food plant, life history notes, and distribution of Nematus atriceps (Marlatt) (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 105 (3): 778–788.

Powell JA and Turner WJ. 1975. Observations on oviposition behavior and host selection in Orussus occidentalis (Hymenoptera: Siricoidea). Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society 48 (3): 299–307.

Prieto JM, Schaffner U, and Barker A. 2007. Sequestration of furostanol saponins by Monophadnus sawfly larvae. Journal of Chemical Ecology 33: 513–524. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10886-006-9232-7

Prous M, Heidemaa M, Shinohara A, and Soon V. 2011. Review of the sawfly genus Empria (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae) in Japan. ZooKeys 150: 347–380. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.150.1968

Prous M, Blank SM, Goulet H, Heibo E, Liston A, Malm T, Nyman T, Schmidt S, Smith DR, Vårdal H, Viitasaari M, Vikberg V, and Taeger A. 2014. The genera of Nematinae (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae). Journal of Hymenoptera Research 40: 1–69. https://doi.org/10.3897/JHR.40.7442

Prous M, Kramp K, Vikberg V, and Liston A. 2017. North-Western Palaearctic species of Pristiphora (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae). Journal of Hymenoptera Research 59: 1–190. https://doi.org/10.3897/jhr.59.12656

Prous M, Liston A, Kramp K, Savina H, Vårdal H, and Taeger A. 2019. The West Palaearctic genera of Nematinae (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae). ZooKeys 875: 63–127. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.875.35748

Pyenson L. 1943. A destructive apple sawfly new to North America. Journal of Economic Entomology 36 (2): 218–221.

Q

Quednau FW. 1990. Introduction, permanent establishment, and dispersal in eastern Canada of Olesicampe geniculatae Quednau and Lim (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae), an important biological control agent of the mountain ash sawfly, Pristiphora geniculata (Hartig) (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae). The Canadian Entomologist 122 (5): 921–934.

R

Raffa KF and Lintereur GL. 1988. New host records and developmental notes on the pear slug Caliroa cerasi (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae), feeding on Cotoneaster and Chaenomeles species. The Great Lakes Entomologist 21 (2): 75–80.

Reeks WA. 1941. On the taxonomic status of Gilpinia polytoma (Htg.) and G. hercyniae (Htg.) (Hymenoptera, Diprionidae). The Canadian Entomologist 73 (10): 177–188.

Reeks WA and Barter GW. 1951. Growth reduction and mortality of spruce caused by the European spruce sawfly, Gilpinia hercyniae (Htg.) (Hymenoptera: Diprionidae). The Forestry Chronicle 27 (2): 140–156.

Regas-Williams KA and Habech DH. 1979. Life history of a poison-ivy sawfly Arge humeralis (Beauvois) (Hymenopter: Argidae). Florida Entomologist 62 (4): 356–363. https://doi.org/10.2307/3493992

Ries DT. 1937. A revision of the Nearctic Cephidae (Hymemoptera: Tenthredinoidea). The American Entomological Society 63 (3): 259–327.

Rohwer SA. 1911. New sawflies in the collections of the United States National Museum. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 41: 377–411.

Rohwer SA. 1912. Sawflies from Panama, with descriptions of new genera and species. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections 59 (12): 1–6.

Rohwer SA. 1915. IV. Some Oriental sawflies in the Indian Museum. Records of the Indian Museum 11: 39–53.

Rohwer SA. 1918. New sawflies of the subfamily Diprioninae (Hym.). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 20 (4): 79–90.

Rohwer SA and Middleton W. 1922. North American sawflies of the subfamily Cladiinae with notes on habits and descriptions of larvae. Proccedings of the National Museum 60 (2396): 1-46.
 

Rohwer SA, and Middleton W. 1932. Descriptions of five Nearctic sawflies of the tribe Hemichroini. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 34(6): 93-98.

Rose AH, Lindquist OH, and Nystrom KL. 2000. Insects of eastern larch, cedar, and juniper. NRC — Canadian Forest Service Forestry Technical Report 28.

Ross HH. 1932. The hymenopterous family Xyelidae in North America. Annals of the Entomological Society of America 25 (1): 153–169.

Ross HH. 1932. The subfamily Lycaotinae in North America (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae). The Canadian Entomologist 64 (2): 40–45.

Ross HH. 1933. The description and life history of a new sawfly, Sterictiphora apios (Argidae: Hymen.). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 35 (2): 13–19.

Ross HH. 1935. The Nearactic [sic!] sawflies of the Dineura complex (Hymen.: Tenthredinidae). The Canadian Entomologist 67 (9): 201–205.

Ross HH. 1937. A generic classification of the Nearctic sawflies (Hymenoptera, Symphyta). University of Ilinois Bulletin 34 (94): 1–173.

Ross HH. 1943a. The Nearctic sawflies of the genus Aglaostigma. (Hymenoptera). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 45 (4): 79–84.

Ross HH. 1943b. The Nearctic sawflies of the genus Rhogogaster (Hymenoptera). The Pan-Pacific Entomologist 19 (4): 129–133.

Ross HH. 1943c. The North American sawflies of the genus Hoplocampa (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae) Transactions of the American Entomological Society 69: 61–92.

Ross HH. 1955. The taxonomy and evolution of the sawfly genus Neodiprion. Forest Science 1(3): 196-209.

Russo R. 2006. Field guide to plant galls of California and other western states. University of California Press.

S

Saini MS and Ahmad M. 2013. First report of Profenusa Macgillivray & Setabara Ross with one new species of each genus from India (Hymenoptera: Symphyta: Tenthredinidae). Annals of Entomology 31(1): 15-20.

Saini MS and Muzamil A. 2013. First report of Profenusa Macgillivray & Setabara Ross with one new species of each genus from India (Hymenoptera: Symphyta: Tenthredinidae). Annals of Entomology 31 (1): 15–20.

Saini MS and Saini TP. 1996. A new genus and a new species of Selandriinae (Hymenoptera: Symphyta: Tenthredinidae) from India. Folia Entomologica Hungarica 57: 261–264.

Saini MS and Vasu V. 1997. Review of genus Ardis Konow (Hymenoptera, Symphyta, Tenthredinidae: Blennocampinae) from India with a key to its world species. Indian Journal of Forestry 20 (1): 44–48.

Saini MS and Vasu V. 2004. Review of the genus Hemichroa Stephens (Hymenoptera: Symphyta: Tenthredinidae: Nematinae) from the Oriental Region. Zoos' Print Journal 19 (6): 1487–1491.

Saini MS, Saini TP, and Vasu V. 2001. Revision of the genus Nesoselandria Rohwer from India (Hymenoptera: Symphyta: Tenthredinidae: Selandriinae) with description of six new species. Zoos’ Print Journal 16 (11): 615–628.

Saini MS, Vasu V, and Smith DR. 2005. Review of the genus Eutomostethus Enslin (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae, Blennocampinae) from India, with new species and a key to species. Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 52 (1): 139–153.

Saini MS, Blank SM, and Smith DR. 2006. Checklist of the sawflies (Hymenoptera: Symphyta) of India. Pp. 575–612. In: Blank SM, Schmidt S, and Taeger A. eds. Recent sawfly research: synthesis and prospects. Goecke & Evers, Keltern.

Savina H and Liston AD. 2009. European Abia species feeding on Dipsacaceae, with description of the larva of A. fulgens Zaddach, 1863 (Hymenoptera, Symphyta, Cimbicidae). Bulletin de la Société entomologique de France 114 (3): 265–276.

Scannell CM. 2000. The biology and seasonal life history of the elm leaf miner, Fenusa ulmi (Sundevall), in the Pacific Northwest (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae) (Master’s thesis). University of Washington.

Schaffner JV. 1936. European sawfly Pristiphora geniculata attacks mountain ash in the United States. Journal of Economic Entomology 29 (2): 469.

Schaffner U and Boevé JL. 1996. Sequestration of plant alkaloids by the sawfly Rhadinoceraea nodicornis: ecological relevance for different life stages and occurrence among related species. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 80: 283–285.

Schaffner U, Kleijn D, Brown V, and Müller-Schärer H. 2001. Veratrum album in montane grasslands: a model system for implementing biological control in land management practices for high biodiversity habitats. Biocontrol News and Information 22 (1): 19–28.

Scheibelreiter G. 1972. Die Tenthrediniden der Rose (Rosa spec.). Journal of Applied Entomology 72: 225–259. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0418.1972.tb02240.x

Schiff NM, Valley SA, LaBonte JR, and Smith DR. 2006. Guide to the siricid woodwasps of North America. USDA Forest Service Forest Health Technology Enterprise Team FHTET-2006-15. 102 pp.

Schiff NM, Goulet H, Smith DR, Boudreault C, Wilson AD, and Scheffler BE. 2012. Siricidae (Hymenoptera: Symphyta: Siricoidea) of the Western Hemisphere. Canadian Journal of Arthropod Identification 21: 1–305.

Schlesinger RC. 1990. Fraxinus americana L. white ash. In: Burns RM and Honkala BH, eds. Silvics of North America Volume 2, Hardwoods. Pp. 333–338.

Semenov A and Gussakovskij VV. 1935. Siricides nouveaux ou peu connus de la fauna paléarctique (Hymenoptera). Annales de la Société Entomologique de France 104: 117–126.

Severin HC. 1920. The plum web-spinning sawfly. South Dakota State Entomologist Bulletin 1: 1–53.

Shanower TG. 2004. Wheat stem sawflies: Cephus cinctus Norton, Cephus pygmaeus (L.) and Trachelus tabidus (F.) (Hymenoptera: Cephidae). In: Capinera JL ed. Encyclopedia of Entomology Volume 3. Kluwer Academic Publishers.

Shanower TG and Hoelmer KA. 2004. Biological control of wheat stem sawflies: past and future. Journal of Agricultural and Urban Entomology 21 (4): 197-221.

Shaw MR and Liston AD. 1985. Xiphydria longicollis (Geoffroy) (Hymenoptera: Xiphydriidae) New to Britain. Entomologist’s Gazette 36: 233–235.

Shinohara A. 1985a. The sawfly genus Onycholyda (Hymenoptera, Pamphiliidae) of Japan I. Kontyu, Tokyo 53 (2): 346–359.

Shinohara A. 1985b. Web-spinning sawflies of the sylvaticus-group of Pamphilius (Hymenoptera: Pamphiliidae). Systematic Entomology 10: 323–351.

Shinohara A. 2001. Conifer-feeding web-spinning sawflies of the genus Acantholyda (Hymenoptera: Pamphiliidae) of Japan. Japanese Society of Systematic Zoology-Species Diversity 6: 23–63.

Shinohara A and Byun BK. 1993. Pamphiliid sawfly genera Neurotoma and Onycholyda (Hymenoptera, Symphyta) of Korea. Ins. Koreana 10: 75–91.

Shinohara A and Byun BK. 1996. Conifer-feeding web-spinning sawflies of the genus Acantholyda (Hymenoptera, Pamphilidae) from Korea. Ins. Koreana 13: 91–104. https://doi.org/10.12782/specdiv.6.23

Shinohara A and Ibuki S. 2017. Host plants and larvae of two dicot-feeding Selandriine sawflies (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae) from Japan. Bulletin of the National Museum of Natural Science 43(2): 87–91.

Shinohara A, Choi JK, and Lee JW. 2018. The web-spinning sawfly genus Neurotoma (Hymenoptera, Pamphiliidae) of South Korea: Nuerotoma silla sp. nov. and a key to species. Zootaxa 4444 (5): 593–599. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4444.5.7

Smith DR. 1964. Description of the male of Xyelecia nearctica, with comments on the genus (Hymenoptera: Xyelidae). The Pan-Pacific Entomologist 40 (1): 54–56.

Smith DR. 1966a. The Nearctic sawflies of the genus Hemitaxonus Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 68(2): 113–120.

Smith DR. 1966b. A new Profenusa (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae) from red oak, with keys to the adults and known larvae of the Nearctic species. Annals of the Entomological Society of America 59 (4): 719–723.

Smith DR. 1967a. Extended distribution for Pristiphora abbreviata (Hartig) (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae). Proceedings of the Washington Entomological Society 69 (1): 92.

Smith DR. 1967b. A review of the larvae of Xyelidae, with notes on the family classification (Hymenoptera). Annals of the Entomological Society of America 60 (2): 376–384.

Smith DR. 1967c. A review of the subfamily Heterarthrinae in North America (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 69: 277–284.

Smith DR. 1967d. Two sawflies new to North America (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae). Proceedings of the Washington Entomological Society 69(1): 95. 

Smith DR. 1968. The genus Caulocampus Rohwer (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 70 (2): 126–129.

Smith DR. 1969a. The genus Craterocercus Rohwer (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 71 (2): 153–161.

Smith DR. 1969b. The genus Susana Rohwer and Middleton (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 71(1): 13–23.

Smith DR. 1969c. Key to genera of Nearctic Argidae (Hymenoptera) with revisions of genera Atomacera Say and Sterictiphora Billberg. Transactions of the American Entomological Society 95: 439–457.

Smith DR. 1969d. Nearctic Sawflies. I. Blennocampinae: Adults and larvae (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae). Technical Bulletin, U.S. Department of Agriculture 1397: 1–176.

Smith DR. 1969e. Nearctic Sawflies. II. Selandriinae: Adults (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae). Technical Bulletin, U.S. Department of Agriculture 1398: 1–48.

Smith DR. 1970. Nearctic species of the genus Ptenus Kirby (Hymenoptera: Argidae). Transactions of the American Entomological Society 96: 79–100.

Smith DR. 1971a. Nearctic Sawflies. III. Heterarthrinae: Adults and larvae (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae). Technical Bulletin, U.S. Department of Agriculture 1420: 1–84.

Smith DR. 1971b. The genus Zadiprion Rohwer (Hymenoptera: Diprionidae). Proceedngs of the Entomological Society of Washington 73 (2): 187–197.

Smith DR. 1971c. Nearctic sawflies of the genera Neoptilia Ashmead, Schizocerella Forsius, Aprosthema Konow, and Sphacophilus Provancher (Hymenoptera: Argidae). Transactions of the American Entomological Society 97: 537–594.

Smith DR. 1971d. The Neotropical sawflies described by Norton and Cresson, with lectotype designations (Hymenoptera: Symphyta). Transactions of the American Entomological Society 97 (4): 521–535.

Smith DR. 1971e. Some sawflies from Pakistan (Hymenoptera: Diprionidae, Tenthredinidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 73 (4): 401–408.

Smith DR. 1972. North American sawfly larvae of the family Argidae (Hymenoptera). Transactions of the American Enotomolocial Society 98: 163–184.

Smith DR. 1972b. Sawflies of the genus Croesus Leach in North America (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 74 (2): 169–180.

Smith DR. 1974a. Azalea sawflies and a new species of Nematus Panzer (Hymenoptera: Symphyta). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 76: 204–207.

Smith DR. 1974b. Conifer sawflies, Diprionidae: Key to North American genera, checklist of world species, and a new species from Mexico (Hymenoptera). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 76: 409–418.

Smith DR. 1974c. Sawflies of the tribe Cladiini in North America (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae: Nematinae). Transactions of the American Entomological Society 100: 1–28.

Smith DR. 1975. The sawfly genus Hemichroa Stephens : A review of species (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae). Insect Systematics and Evolution 6 (3–4): 297–302. https://doi.org/10.1163/187631275X00145

Smith DR. 1976a. Sawflies of the Holarctic genus Platycampus Schiødte (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 78 (2): 202.

Smith DR. 1976b. World genera of the leaf-mining sawfly tribe Fenusini (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae). Insect Systematics and Evolution 7: 253–260.

Smith DR. 1976c. The xiphydriid woodwasps of North America (Hymenoptera: Xiphydriidae). Transactions of the American Entomological Society 102: 101–131.

Smith DR. 1976d. Sawflies of the tribe Pseudodineurini in North America (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 78(1): 67-79.

Smith DR. 1978. Suborder Symphyta (Xyelidae, Parachexyelidae, Parapamphiliidae, Xyelydidae, Karatavitidae, Gigasiricidae, Sepulcidae, Pseudosiricidae, Anaxyelidae, Siricidae, Xiphydriidae, Paroryssidae, Xyelotomidae, Blasticotomidae, Pergidae). Hymenopterorum Catalogus 14: 1–193.

Smith DR. 1979a. Nearctic sawflies. IV. Allantinae: Adults and larvae (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae). Technical Bulletin, U.S. Department of Agriculture 1595: 1–172.

Smith DR. 1979b. Symphyta. In: Krombein KV, Hurd PD, Jr., Smith DR, and Burks BD (eds). Catalog of Hymenoptera in America North of Mexico. V. 1. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington DC. pp. 1-137.

Smith DR. 1983. Xiphydria prolongata (Geoffroy) (Hymenoptera: Xiphydriidae) adventive in North America. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 85 (4): 860–861.

Smith DR. 1984. The sawfly genus Periclista in Korea and Taiwan (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae). The Korean Journal of Entomology 14(1): 1–8.

Smith DR. 1986a. The berry and rose stem-borers of the genus Hartigia in North America (Hymenoptera: Cephidae). Transactions of the American Entomological Society 112 (2): 129–145.

Smith DR. 1986b. Review of the sawfly genus Lagium (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 88 (1): 179–184.

Smith DR. 1986c. The sawfly genus Nematinus in North America (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 88: 476–484.

Smith DR. 1988. A synopsis of the sawflies (Hymenoptera: Symphyta) of America south of the United States: introduction, Xyelidae, Pamphiliidae, Cimbicidae, Diprionidae, Xiphydriidae, Siricidae, Orussidae, Cephidae. Systematic Entomology 13: 205–261.

Smith DR. 1988a. A new species of the leafmining sawfly genus Metallus (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae) from eastern North America. Entomological News 99 (4): 181–183.

Smith DR. 1989. The sawfly genus Arge (Hymenoptera: Argidae) in the Western Hemisphere. Transactions of the American Entomological Society 115: 83–205.

Smith DR. 1990. A new Xyela (Hymenoptera: Xyelidae) from western United States. Entomologist's News 101 (1): 9–12.

Smith DR. 1991. Flight records for twenty-eight species of Macrophya Dahlbom (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 93 (3): 772–775.

Smith DR. 1992. A synopsis of the sawflies (Hymenoptera: Symphyta) of America south of the United States: Argidae. Memoirs of the American Entomological Society 39: 1–201.

Smith DR. 1993. Systematics, life history, and distribution of sawflies. Pp. 3-32. In: Wagner MR and Raffa KF, eds. Sawfly Life History Adaptations to Woody Plants. University of Minnesota Academic Press. 581 pp.

Smith DR. 1994a. The female of Haymatus blassus (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae). Entomological News Philadelphia 105 (5): 257–258.

Smith DR. 1994b. The larva of Lagium atroviolaceum (Norton) (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 96 (1): 139–142.

Smith DR. 1995. The sawflies and woodwasps. In: Hanson PE and Gauld ID, eds. The Hymenoptera of Costa Rica. Oxford University Press. Pp. 157–177.

Smith DR. 2003a. A Synopsis of the sawflies (Hymenoptera: Symphyta) of America south of the United States: Tenthredinidae (Allantinae). Journal of Hymenoptera Research 12 (1): 148–192.

Smith DR. 2003b. A Synopsis of the sawflies (Hymenoptera: Symphyta) of America south of the United States: Tenthredinidae (Nematinae, Heterarthrinae, Tenthredininae). Transactions of the American Entomological Society 129 (1): 1-45.

Smith DR. 2005. Two new fern-feeding sawflies of the genus Aneugmenus Hartig (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae) from South America. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 107 (2): 273–278.

Smith DR. 2006a. Checklist of the Pergidae (Hymenoptera: Symphyta) of the Western Hempisphere, with a new genus and two species. Recent sawfly research: synthesis and prospects: 1–3.

Smith DR. 2006b. List of the Sawflies (Hymenoptera: Symphyta) of Virginia. Banisteria 28: 3–23.

Smith DR. 2006c. Review of the cypress and juniper sawflies of the genus Susana Rohwer and Middleton (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 108(1), 62–75.

Smith DR. 2006d. Superfamilia Orussoidea y familia Orussidae. In: Fernandez F and Sharkey M, eds. Introduccion los hymenoptera de la region neotropical. Universidad Nacional de Colombia.

Smith DR. 2006e. Superfamilia Tenthredinoidea. In: Fernández F and Sharkey M, eds. Introduccion a los Hymenoptera de la Region Neotropical. Universidad Nacional de Colombia.

Smith DR. 2008a. The abbotii and erythrogaster groups of Nematus Panzer (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae) in North America. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 110 (3): 647–667.

Smith DR. 2008b. Sawflies and woodwasps (Hymenoptera: Symphyta) of Great Smoky Mountains National Park. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 110 (2): 379–390.

Smith DR. 2009. An obscure sawfly, Kerita fidala Ross (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae), new to Virginia, a leafminer of Virginia bluebell, Mertensia virginica (l.) Pers. Ex link (Boraginaceae). Banisteria 33: 53.

Smith DR. 2010. Five new Acordulecera Say (Hymenoptera: Pergidae) from Arizona and California, the first records of the family from southwestern United States. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 112 (3): 410–422. https://doi.org/10.4289/0013-8797.112.3.410

Smith DR. 2011. The Nearctic oak-feeding sawflies of Periclista subgenus Neocharactus (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae). Transactions of the American Entomological Society 137 (3–4): 225–250.

Smith DR. 2013. The columbine sawfly, Pristiphora rufipes Serville, new to Virginia, and other additions to the list of Virginia sawflies (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae). Banisteria 41: 98–99.

Smith DR. 2015. A new Monophadnoides Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae) from Eastern North America and notes on other species. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 117(4): 499–507. 

Smith DR. 2016. Pristiphora subbifida (Thomson) (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae), a Palearctic Sawfly new to North America. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 118: 297–299. https://doi.org/10.4289/0013-8797.118.2.297

Smith DR. 2017a. Nematinus acuminatus (Thomson) (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae), a newly recognized Holarctic species. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 119 (2): 296–297.

Smith DR. 2017b. A new Nearctic Sphacophilus Provancher (Hymenoptera: Argidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 119 (2): 228–232.

Smith DR and Barrows EM. 1995. Rhadinoceraea n. sp. (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae) from West Virginia, a second species on Zigadenus (Liliaceae). Entomological News 106 (5): 237–240.

Smith DR and Dolan AC. 2016. A new species of huckleberry sawfly of the former tribe Pristolini (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae) from Montana. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 118: 594–601. https://doi.org/10.4289/0013-8797.118.4.594

Smith DR and Eiseman CS. 2015. The violet leafmining sawfly, Nefusa ambigua (Norton) (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae): distribution, hosts, larva, life history notes. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 117 (1): 70–72.

Smith DR and Fritz RS. 1996. Review of the eastern United States species of the leaf-folding sawflies of the genus Phyllocolpa Benson (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 98: 695- 707. 

Smith DR and Gibson GAP. 1984. Filacus, a new genus for four species of sawflies previously placed in Macrophya or Zaschizonyx (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae). Pan-Pacific Entomologist 60 (2): 101-113. 

Smith DR and Goulet H. 2000. Monosoma pulverata (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae), an alder-feeding sawfly new to North America. Entomological News 111: 238–242.

Smith DR and Janzen DH. 2003. Food plants and life histories of sawflies of the family Argidae (Hymenoptera) in Costa Rica, with descriptions of two new species. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 12 (1): 193–203.

Smith DR and Lawton JH. 1980. Review of the sawfly genus Eriocampidea (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 82 (3): 447–453.

Smith DR and Marshall SA. 2003. First report of nuptial feeding in sawflies, Aneugmenus flavipes (Norton) (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 105 (3): 789–789.

Smith DR and McDearman W. 1990. A new Rhadinoceraea (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae) feeding on Zigadenus (Liliaceae) from southeastern United States. Entomological News 101 (1): 13–19.

Smith DR and Middlekauff WW. 1987. Suborder Symphyta. In: Stehr FW ed. Immature Insects. Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company. Vol. 1: 754 pp.

Smith DR and Moisan-De Serres J. 2017. A new North American Caliroa (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae) on Vaccinium corymbosum L. (Ericaceae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 119 (4): 637–640. https://doi.org/10.4289/0013-8797.119.4.637

Smith DR and Naito T. 1995. A new species of Strongylogaster (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae) from North America. Entomological News 106 (2): 57–60.

Smith DR and Naito T. 2005. A new species of Heterarthrus Stephens (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae) leafmining Salix spp. in Japan. Japanese Journal of Systematic Entomology 11 (2): 189–193.

Smith DR and Naito T. 2015. Studies on Adelestini (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae), particularly the long-tongued Nipponorhynchus Takeuchi of Japan. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 45: 1–14. https://doi.org/10.3897/JHR.45.5442

Smith DR and Nishida K. 2019. A new genus and three new species of Neotropical sawflies (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae) from Costa Rica, with host plants and life history notes. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 72: 45-65. https://doi.org/10.3897/jhr.72.38908

Smith DR and Schiefer TL. 1997. A new genus and species of Allantinae (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae) from southeastern United States. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 99 (3): 472–476.

Smith DR and Schiff NM. 1998. The genera Macroxyela Kirby and Megaxyela Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Xyelidae) in North America. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 100 (4): 636–657.

Smith DR and Schiff NM. 2001. A new species of Xiphydria Latraille (Hymenoptera: Xiphydriidae) reared from river birch, Betula nigra L., in North America. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 103 (4): 962–967.

Smith DR and Schiff NM 2005. A new western Nearctic species of Calameuta Konow (Hymenoptera: Cephidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 107 (4): 864–868.

Smith DR and Solomon JD. 1989. A new Janus (Hymenoptera: Cephidae) from Quercus, and key to North American species. Entomological News 100 (1): 1–5.

Smith DR and Strazanac JS. 2016. Annotated list of West Virginia sawflies (Hymenoptera: Symphyta). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 118 (4): 602–616. http://doi.org/10.4289/0013-8797.118.4.602

Smith DR and Wei M. 2015. A new Asian Monophadnoides Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae) with high antennal crests. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 117 (2): 203–208.

Smith DR and Williams G. 2014. Waldheimia carbonaria (Cresson) (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae), a sawfly on Missouri primrose, Oenothera missouriensis Sims (Onagraceae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 116 (2): 197–198.

Smith DR, Ohmart CP, and Dahlsten DL. 1977. The fir shoot-boring sawflies of the genus Pleroneura in North America (Hymenoptera: Xyelidae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America 70 (5): 762–767.

Smith DR, Dapoto G, and Giganti H. 2002. A new species of Periclista (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae) associated with Nothofagus (Fagaceae) in Argentina and Chile. Entomological News 113 (5): 328–331.

Smith DR, Goulet H, and Sikes DS. 2010. A new Pseudodineura Konow (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae) from Kasatochi Island, Alaska. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 112 (3): 439–443.

Smith DR, Sánchez-Martínez G, and Ordaz-Silva S. 2010. A new Monoctenus (Hymenoptera: Diprionidae) damaging Juniperus flaccida (Cupressaceae) in San Luis Potosí, Mexico. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 112 (3): 443–450. https://doi.org/10.4289/0013-8797.112.3.444

Smith DR, Sánchez-Martínez G, and Ojeda-Aguilera A. 2012. A new species of Zadiprion (Hymenoptera: Diprionidae) on Pinus durangensis from Chihuahua, Mexico, and a review of other species of the genus. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 114 (2): 224–237.

Smith DR, Janzen DH and Hallwachs W. 2013. Food plants and life histories of sawflies of the families Argidae and Tenthredinidae (Hymenoptera) in Costa Rica, a supplement. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 35: 17–31. https://doi.org/10.3897/JHR.35.5496

Smith DR, Eiseman CS, Charney ND, and Record S. 2015. A new Nearctic Scolioneura (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae) mining leaves of Vaccinium (Ericaceae). Journal of Hymenoptera Research 43: 1–8. https://doi.org/10.3897/ JHR.43.4546

Snyder C, MacQuarrie CJ, Zogas K, Kruse JJ, and Hard J. 2007. Invasive species in the last frontier: distribution and phenology of birch leaf mining sawflies in Alaska. Journal of Forestry 105(3): 113-119.

Solomon JD and Randall WK. 1978. Biology and damage of the willow shoot sawfly in willow and cottonwood. Annals of the Entomological Society of America 71 (4): 654–657.

Stamp NE. 1984. Effect of defoliation by checkerspot caterpillars (Euphydryas phaeton) and sawfly larvae (Macrophya nigra and Tenthredo grandis) on their host plants (Chelone spp.). Oecologia 63: 275–280.

Stannard LJ. 1949. The Nearctic species of the genus Periclista (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae). Transactions of the American Entomological Society 75: 7–42.

Staples JK, Bartelt RJ, Cossé AA, and Whitman DW. 2009. Sex pheromone of the pine false webworm Acantholyda erythrocephala. Journal of Chemical Ecology 35: 1448–1460.

Stebbing EP. 1904. Insect life in India and how to study it, being a simple account of the more important families of insects with examples of the damage they do to crops, tea, coffee, and indigo concerns, fruit and forest trees in India. Chapter V. Order IV – Hymenoptera. Journal of Bombay Natural History 16: 115–131.

Stein JD. 1974. Elm sawfly. Forest Pest Leaflet 142: 1–6.

Stroom K, Fetzer J, and Krischik V. 1997. Insect pest of roses FO-6953-D. University of Minnesota College of Agricultural, food and Environmental Sciences.

Sullivan J. 1994. Larix decidua. In: Fire Effects Information System. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory.

Sundukov YN. 2017. A new data on the Symphyta fauna (Hymenoptera) of Russia. Proceedings of the Russian Entomological Society 88 (2): 5–20.

Sundukov YN and Lelej AS. 2009. Sawflies (Hymenoptera, Symphyta) of the Russian Far East. Additions and corrections. Far Eastern Entomologist 200: 1–12.

T

Tabata M, Miyata H, and Maeto K. 2012. Chapter 7 - Siricid woodwasps and their fungal symbionts in Asia, specifically those occurring in Japan. In: Slippers B, de Groot P, and Wingfield MJ, eds. The Sirex woodwasp and its fungal symbiont: research and management of a worldwide invasive pest. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1960-6_7

Taeger A. 1998. Bestimmungsschlüssel der Keulhornblattwespen Deutschlands (Hymenoptera: Cimbicidae). In: Taeger A and Blank SM. 1998. Pflanzenwespen Deutschlands (Hymenoptera, Symphyta). Kommentierte Bestandsaufnahme. Goecke & Evers, Keltern: 193–205.

Taeger A and Vitsaari M. 2015. European Rhogogaster s. str., with notes on several Asian species (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae). Zootaxa 4013 (3): 369–398. http://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4013.3.3

Taeger A, Altenhofer E, Blank SM, Jansen E, Kraus M, Psychorn-Walcher H, and Ritzau C. 1998. Kommentare zur biologie, Verbreitung und Gefahrdung der Pflanzenwespen Deutschlands (Hymenoptera, Symphyta). Kommentierte Bestandsaufnahme 364 (3): 49–135.

Taeger A, Blank SM, and Liston AD. 2006. European sawflies (Hymenoptera: Symphyta) a species checklist for the countries. pp. 399–504. In: Blank SM, Schmidt S, and Taeger A eds. Recent Sawfly Research — Synthesis and Prospects. Goecke & Evers, Keltern.

Taeger A, Blank SM, and Liston AD. 2010. World Catalog of Symphyta (Hymenoptera). Zootaxa 2580: 1–1064.

Taeger A, Liston AD, Prous M, Groll EK, Gehroldt T, and Blank SM. 2018. ECatSym—Electronic World Catalog of Symphyta (Insecta, Hymenoptera). Program version 5.0 (19 Dec 2018), data version 40 (23 Sep 2018). Senckenberg Deutsches Entomologisches Institut (SDEI), Müncheberg. https://sdei.de/ecatsym/ Accessed: 28 Jan 2020.

Tamošiūnas R, Valiuškaitė A, Survilienė E, Rasiukevičiūtė N. 2014. Species ratio, spring emergence, population dynamics and damage of plum sawflies Hoplocampa minuta and H. flava in plum orchard. Zemdirbyste-Agriculture 101 (1): 91–100.

Tan JL, Zhou T, Tan QQ, van Achterberg C, and Carpenter JM. 2017. Nest structure and all stages of the long-cheeked yellow jacket Dolichovespula stigma Lee (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) with a new synonym. Journal of Natural History 51 (13–14): 793–806. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2017.1293748

Tavakoli M, Hosseini-Chegeni A, and Khaghaninia S. 2017. The first report of outbreak and identification of the larvae of oak defoliator wasp, Periclista sp. (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae) using COI gene from Iran. Iranian Journal of Forest and Range Protection Research 15 (2): 203–208.

Tippins HH. 1965. The sawfly Atomacera decepta, a pest of Hibiscus. Journal of Economic Entomology 58 (1): 161–162. https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/58.1.161a

Togashi I. 1972. Discovery of the genus Xyelecia Ross (Hym., Xyelidae) from Japan. Kontyu 40 (2): 87–89.

Togashi I and Tano T. 1987. Some Korean sawflies (Hymenoptera, Symphyta), with descriptions of the female of Nesoselandria koreana and a new species of Pristiphora. Kontyû 55 (4):639–643.

Toimil FJ. 1987. Some insect defoliators of green oak (Q. ilex L.) in the Huelva province. Boletín de Sanidad Vegetal, Plagas 13 (2): 173–188.

Tsao CH and Hodson AC. 1956. The effect of different host species on the oviposition and survival of the introduced pine sawfly. Journal of Economic Entomology 49 (3): 400–401.

Turnock WJ. 1960. Ecological life-history of the larch sawfly, Pristiphora erichsonii (Htg.) (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae), in Manitoba and Saskatchewan. The Canadian Entomologist 92: 500–516.

U

Ulyshen M and Hanula JL. 2010. Host-use patterns of Eriotremex formosanus (Hymenoptera: Siricidae) in South Carolina, U.S.A. Entomological News 121 (1): 97–101. https://doi.org/10.3157/021.121.0118

Urban J. 1993. Pecked galls of the sawflies Euura laeta and Euura mucronata (Symphyta, Tenthredinidae) by birds. Lesnictví 39 (5): 192–201.

U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Forest Service. 1985. Insects of Eastern Forests. Miscellaneous Publication 1426. Washington DC, USDA-FS. 608 pp.

USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service PLANTS Database. Accessed January 2019. https://plants.usda.gov

V

Vétek G, Fekete V, Ladányi M, Cargnus E, Zandigiacomo P, Oláh R, Schebeck M, and Schopf A. 2020. Cold tolerance strategy and cold hardiness of the invasive zigzag elm sawfly Aproceros leucopoda (Hymenoptera: Argidae). Agricultural and Forest Entomology 22(3): .1-7. https://doi.org/10.1111/afe.12376

Van Achterberg C and Van Aartsen B. 1986. The European Pamphiliidae (Hymenoptera: Symphyta), with special reference to the Netherlands. Zoologische Verhandelingen 234: 3–98.

Van Driesche RG, LaForest JH, Bargeron CT, Reardon RC, and Herlihy M. 2013. Forest pest insects in North America: a photographic guide. USDA Forest Service Forest Health Technology Enterprise Team FHTET-2012-02. 702 pp.

Vaughan EK and Rosenstiel RG. 1949. Diseases and insect pests of cane fruits in Oregon. Oregon State University Agricultural Experiment Station Bulletin 418.

Verhyede F and Sioen G. 2019. Outbreaks of Tomostethus nigritus (Fabricius, 1804) (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae) on Fraxinus angustifolia ‘Raywood’ in Belgium. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 72: 67–81. https://doi.org/10.3897/jhr.72.38284

Viitasaari M. 1984. Sahapistiäiset 3. Siricicoidea, Orussoidea, ja Cephoidea. University of Helsinki, Department of Agricultural and Forest Zoology Reports 6.

Vikberg V. 2004. Seasonal head dimorphism and taxonomy of some European species of Aprosthema (Hymenoptera: Symphyta: Argidae). Beiträge Zur Entomologie 54 (1): 107–125. https://doi.org/10.21248/contrib.entomol.54.1.107-125

Vikberg V. 2013. Hemp sawfly found in European Russia (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae, Nematinae, Cladiini). Entomologica Fennica 24: 172–178. 

Vikberg V and Liston AD. 2009. Taxonomy and biology of European Heptamelini (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae, Selandriinae). Zootaxa 2112: 1–24.

Vikberg V and Nuorteva M. 1997. On the rearing of Nesoselandria morio (Fabricius) and Birka cinereipes (Klug) (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae), with descriptions of their larvae. Entomologica Fennica 8: 27–38.

Vilhelmsen L. 2004. The old wasp and the tree: fossils, phylogeny, and biogeography in the Orussidae (Insecta, Hymenoptera). Biological Journal of the Linnaen Society 82: 139–160.

Vilhelmsen L. 2015. 11.2. Tenthredinidae (Tenthredinoidea) (True sawflies). In: Böcher J, Kristensen NP, Pape T, and Vilhelmsen L, eds. The Greenland Entomofauna – An identification manual of insects, spiders and their allies. Koininklijke Brill NV.

Vilhelmsen L. 2019. Giant sawflies and their kin: morphological phylogeny of Cimbicidae (Hymenoptera). Systematic Entomology 44: 103–127. https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12314

Vilhelmsen L and Smith DR. 2002. Revision of the ‘ophrynopine’ genera Argentophrynopus gen. n., Guiglia Benson, Kulcania Benson, Ophrella Middlekauff, Ophrynon Middlekauff, Ophrynopus Konow, and Stirocorsia Konow (Hymenoptera: Orussidae). Insect Systematics & Evolution 33 (4): 387–420.

Vilhelmsen L, Blank SM, Costa VA, Alvarenga TM, and Smith DR. 2013. Phylogeny of the ophrynopine clade revisited: review of the parasitoid sawfly genera Ophrella Middlekauff, Ophrynopus konow and Stirocorsia konow (Hymenoptera: Orussidae). Invertebrates Systematics 27: 450–483. https://doi.org/10.1071/IS13006

Vilhelmsen L, Blank SM, Liu Z, and Smith DR. 2014. Discovery of a new species confirms Oriental origin of Orussus Latrielle (Hymenoptera: Orussidae). Insect Systematics and Evolution 45: 51–91. https://doi.org/10.1163/1876312X-00002087

Vincent C, Babendreier D, Swiergiel W, Helsen H, and Blommers LHM. 2019. A review of the apple sawfly, Hoplocampa testudinea (Hymenoptera Tenthredinidae). Bulletin of Insectology 72 (1): 35–54.

Voigt D, Gorb S, and Boevé JL. 2011. Superhydrophobic cuticle with a “pinning effect” in the larvae of the iris sawfly, Rhadinoceraea micans (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae). Zoology 114(5): 265–271. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.zool.2011.05.004

Voolma K, Pilt E, and Õunap H. 2009. The first reported outbreak of the great web-spinning pine sawfly, Acantholyda posticalis (Mats.) (Hymenoptera, Pamphiliidae), in Estonia. Forestry Studies 50: 115–122. https://doi.org/10.2478/v10132-011-0072-z

Voolma K, Hiiesar K, Williams, IH, Ploomi A, and Jogar K. 2016. Cold hardiness in the pre-imaginal stages of the great web-spinning pine sawfly Acantholyda posticalis. Agricultural and Forest Entomology 18: 432–436. https://doi.org/10.1111/afe.12172

W

Walden BH. 1907. Notes on a new sawfly attacking the peach.(Pamphilius persicum Mac G.). USDA Bureau of Entomology Bulletin 67: 85–86.

Wei M. 1994. Studies on the tribe Fenusini of China (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae). Entomologia Sinica 1(2): 110–123.

Wei M. 2000. Revision of Cladiini (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinomorpha: Nematidae) from China (I): Notes on Cladiini and Driocampus Zhang with revision of Cladius Illiger from China. Journal of Jishou University (Natural Science Edition) 22 (3): 34–39.

Wei M and Niu G. 2014. Setabara Ross, a genus new to China with description of a new species (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae). Entomological News 124 (2): 98–102.

Wei M, Nie H, and Taeger A. 2006. Sawflies (Hymenoptera: Symphyta) of China—checklist and review of research. Pp. 505–574. In: Blank SM, Schmidt S, and Taeger A, eds. Recent sawfly research — synthesis and prospects. Goecke & Evers, Keltern.

Westcott RL. 1971. New host and distribution records for three western wood-boring Hymenoptera (Syntexidae, Siricidae). The Pan-Pacific Entomologist 47: 310.

Wickman BE. 1967. Life history of the incense cedar wood wasp, Syntexis libocedrii (Hymenoptera: Syntexidae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America 60 (6): 1291–1295.

Williams DJ. 2007. Biology of the spiny ash sawfly, Eupareophora parca (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae: Blennocampinae), in Edmonton, Alberta. The Canadian Entomologist 139: 269–277. https://doi.org/10.4039/n06-026

Wong HR. 1954. Common sawflies feeding on white birch in the forested areas of Manitoba and Saskatchewan. The Canadian Entomologist 86 (4): 154–158.

Wong HR. 1966. A new species of Allantus Panzer on Birch (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae). The Canadian Entomologist 98(8): 852–854.

Wong HR. 1968. A revision of the tribe Pristolini (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae). The Canadian Entomologist 100: 1049–1057.

Wong HR. 1977. Fallocampus: a new sawfly genus for the Nearctic species of Platycampus Schiødte (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae). The Canadian Entomologist 109 (8): 1103–1107.

Woods TAD. 1962. Occurrence of Anoplonyx spp. In the larch forests of British Columbia and Yukon Territory. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of British Columbia 59: 17.

X

Xiao G and Jian W. 1983. The siricid wood wasps of China (Hymenoptera, Symphyta). Scientia Silvae Sinicae Memoirs of Forest Entomology 8: 1–29.

Xiao G and Zeng C. 1998. A new species of the genus Cephalcia (Hymenoptera: Pamphiliidae) from China. Forest Research 11 (5): 488–490.

Xiao G, Huange X, and Zhou S. 1983. Sawflies of the genus Diprion from China (Hymenoptera, Symphyta: Diprionidae). Scientia Silvae Sinicae 19 (3): 277–283.

Xingyu W, Heng X, and Chaohui P. 2007. Biological characteristics and control of the sawfly, Nematus ruyanus. Plant Protection Beijing 33 (1): 102.

Y

Yates III HO and Smith DR. 2009. History, distribution, damage, and life cycle of a pine shoot gall sawfly, Xyela gallicaulis (Hymenoptera: Xyelidae). Journal of Entomological Science 44 (3): 276–283. https://doi.org/10.18474/0749-8004-44.3.276

Z

Zhelokhovtsev AN. 1994. Suborder Symphyta (Chalastrogastra). In: Medvedev GS ed. Keys to the insects of the European part of the USSR vol III part 6: 1–387.

Zinovjev AG and Smith DR. 1999. Types and biological notes of the eastern North American sawflies of PontaniaCosta and Phyllocolpa Benson (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae) described by Marlatt, Dyar, and Rohwer. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 101: 359–371.

Zinovjev AG and Smith DR. 2000a. Types of sawflies described in the genus Pontania A. Costa (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae) in the Illinois Natural History Survey. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 102 (4): 852–973.

Zinovjev AG and Smith DR. 2000b. Sawflies (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae) described by Benjamin D. Walsh, with notes on their hosts and biology. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 102 (4): 974–990.

Zombori L. 1978. New sawfly species from Korea (Hymenoptera: Symphyta). Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 24 (1–2): 253–268.

Zvankovich V. 2005. Spring wheat protection from major leafnibble pests. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Agrarian Sciences Series (5): 106–108.

Ç

Çalmaşur Ö. 2019. New records and some new distribution data to the Turkish Allantinae, Blennocampinae, Heterarthrinae, and Selandrinae (Tenthredinidae, Symphyta, Hymenoptera) fauna. Munis Entomology and Zoology 14 (1): 96–103.

Çalmaşur Ö and Özbek H. 2006. A willow sawfly, Nematus salicis (Linnaeus) (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae), a new record and new pest of Salix spp. in Turkey. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 108 (1): 139–144.