Phytophthora ipomoeae
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Phytophthora spp. in subclade 1c: portion of the seven-loci ML phylogeny featuring the type cultures of 212 described species (by T. Bourret). Notice the position of P. ipomoea Ex-type CBS 109229 = S&T BL 21. Gloria Abad, USDA S&T.
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Phytophthora spp. in subclade 1c: Morphological Tabular key (PDF) and Tabular key legends (PDF) in IDphy2 KEY SECTION. Notice the data of P. ipomoea Ex-type CBS 109229 = S&T BL 21. Gloria Abad, USDA S&T.
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Name and publication
Phytophthora ipomoeae Flier & Grünwald (2013)
Grünwald NJ. 2013. Phytophthora ipomoea Flier & Grünwald, sp. nov. Fungal Planet 197. Persoonia 31: 264–265. In: Crous PW, et al. 2013. Fungal Planet description sheets: 154–213. Persoonia 31: 188–296.
Corresponding author: grunwald@science.oregonstate.edu
The holotype description of this previously published species P. ipomoeae Flier & Grünwald was invalid and is corrected here (Flier et al. 2002).
Nomenclature
from Grünwald (2013)
Mycobank
Typification
Type: MEXICO, Toluca, on leaves of Ipomoea longipedunculata (Convolvulaceae), 1999, W.G. Flier & N.J. Grünwald (holotype CBS H-21401)
Ex-type: CBS 109229 = PIC 99169 = MUCL 30219
Sequences for ex-type in original manuscript: CBS 109229 = ITS rDNA KF777191 and LSU KF777242 (provided by Nik Grunwald to G. Abad on 1.15.14 and not included in the 2013 Persoonia publication)
Sequence ITS rDNA AY770742 in the 2013 Persoonia publication is for selected specimen PIC 99165, not for the type PIC 99169.
Ex-type in other collections
(ET) CBS 109229, PIC 99169, MUCL 30219, WPC P10225, S&T BL 21 (Abad), 61J4 (Hong), PD_00078, Fry 1-1
Molecular identification
Voucher sequences for barcoding genes (ITS rDNA and COI) of the ex-type (see Molecular protocols page)
Phytophthora ipomoeae isolate CPHST BL 21 (= P10225 WPC) = ITS rDNA MG865518, COI MH136912
Voucher sequences for Molecular Toolbox with seven genes (ITS, β-tub, COI, EF1α, HSP90, L10, and YPT1
(see Molecular protocols page) (In Progress)
Voucher sequences for Metabarcoding High-throughput Sequencing (HTS) Technologies [Molecular Operational Taxonomic Unit (MOTU)]
(see Molecular protocols page) (In Progress)
Sequences with multiple genes for ex-type in other sources
- NCBI: Phytophthora ipomoeae CPHST BL 21
- NCBI: Phytophthora ipomoea P10225
- NCBI: Phytophthora ipomoeae PD-00078 (P10225)
- NCBI: Phytophthora ipomoea CBS 109229 ITS in 2013 manuscript
- EPPO-Q-bank: Phytophthora ipomoea CBS 109229
- BOLDSYSTEMS: Phytophthora ipomoeae PHYTO022-10 (= P10225) (barcoding COI & ITS)
Position in multigenic phylogeny with 7 genes (ITS, β-tub, COI, EF1α, HSP90, L10, and YPT1)
Clade clade:
a taxonomic group of organisms classified together on the basis of homologous features traced to a common ancestor
1c
Morphological identification
adapted from Grünwald (2013)
Colonies and cardinal temperatures
Species grows well on rye A agar (RA), cherry decoction agar (CA), potato dextrose agar (PDA), and oatmeal agar (OA). Growth inhibition is observed on V-8 Agar (V8). Minimum growth at approximately 11°C, optimum at 20°C, and maximum at 25°C.
Asexual phase
SporangiaSporangia:
sac within which zoospores form, especially when water is cooled to about 10°C below ambient temperature; in solid substrates, sporangia usually germinate by germ tubes
semipapillatesemipapillate:
pertaining to the production of shallow having papilla that are not well developed, shallow and less nipple-like than fully papillate structures
; caducouscaducous:
pertaining to sporangia that become dislodged readily (i.e. deciduous) and separate from the sporangiophore (cf. persistent)
with short pedicelpedicel:
the hyphal base of a sporangium that remains attached after the sporangium separates, or is shed, from the sporangiophore; the pedicel may be short (< 5 µm), medium (5–20 µm), or long (> 20 µm)
; ellipsoidellipsoid:
refers to a solid body that forms an ellipse in the longitudinal plane and a circle in cross section; many fungal spores are ellipsoidal or elliptic
, or obovoidobovoid:
inversely egg-shaped; ovoid, but with the widest part at the apex
(35–47.5 µm length); originated in compound sympodial and intermediate sporangiophoresporangiophore:
the hyphal strand on which the sporangium is formed; may be branched or unbranched to form compound sympodia or simple sympodia
branches, with swellings where sporangiasporangia:
sac within which zoospores form, especially when water is cooled to about 10°C below ambient temperature; in solid substrates, sporangia usually germinate by germ tubes
emerge. ChlamydosporesChlamydospores:
an asexual spore with a thickened inner wall that is delimited from the mycelium by a septum; may be terminal or intercalary, and survives for long periods in soil
absent.
Sexual phase
Homothallichomothallic:
pertaining to sexual reproduction that can take place within a single thallus (i.e. self-fertile, non-outcrossing) (cf. heterothallic).
. OogoniaOogonia:
the female gametangium in which the oospore forms after fertilization by the antheridium
smooth-walled, globoseglobose:
having a rounded form resembling that of a sphere
(32.5 µm diam.), frequently with tapered basetapered base:
pertaining to the base of a sporangium or oogonium; funnel-shaped
; antheridiaantheridia:
the male gametangium; a multinucleate, swollen hyphal tip affixed firmly to the wall of the female gametangium (the oogonium)
amphigynousamphigynous:
pertaining to the sexual stage in which the antheridium completely surrounds the stalk of the oogonium (cf. paragynous)
; oosporesoospores:
zygote or thick-walled spore that forms within the oogonium after fertilization by the antheridium; may be long-lived
pleroticplerotic:
pertaining to an oospore that fills the oogonium (cf. aplerotic)
(28.8 µm diam.).
Most typical characters
the presence of typical basal swellings on the sympodial sporangiophores
Additional specimen(s) evaluated
Phytophthora ipomoeae CPHST BL 21 = P10225 (World Phytophthora Collection)
Hosts and distribution
Distribution: North America (Mexico)
Substrate: leaves, stems
Disease note: leaf blight
Host: Ipomoea longipedunculata, Ipomoea purpurea (Convolvulaceae)
Retrieved January 31, 2018 from U.S. National Fungus Collections Nomenclature Database.
Additional references and links
Notes in Grünwald (2013): the holotype description of this previously published species P. ipomoeae Flier & Grünwald (Flier et al. 2002) was invalid and is corrected here. The species has more recently also been described on Ipomoea purpurea (Badillo-Ponce et al. 2004).
Flier WG, Grünwald NJ, Kroon LPNM, Van Den Bosch TBM, Garay-Serrano E, Lozoya-Saldana H, Bonants PJM, and Turkensteen LJ. 2002. Phytophthora ipomoeae sp. nov., a new homothallichomothallic:
pertaining to sexual reproduction that can take place within a single thallus (i.e. self-fertile, non-outcrossing) (cf. heterothallic).
species causing leaf blight on Ipomoea longipedunculata in the Toluca Valley of central Mexico. Mycol. Res. 106: 848–856.
Badillo-Ponce G, Fernández-Pavía SP, Grünwald NJ, Garay-Serrano E, Rodríguez-Alvarado G, and Lozoya-Saldaña H. 2004. First report of blight on Ipomoeae purpurea caused by Phytophthora ipomoeae. Plant Disease 88: 1283.
- SMML USDA-ARS: Phytophthora ipomoeae
- EPPO Global Database: Phytophthora ipomoea
- Forest Phytophthoras of the world: Phytophthora ipomoea
- CABI Digital Library: Phytophthora ipomoea
- Encyclopedia of Life (EOL): Phytophthora ipomoeae
- Index Fungorum (IF): Phytophthora ipomoea
- Google All Phytophthora ipomoeae
- Google Images Phytophthora ipomoeae
- Google Scholar Phytophthora ipomoeae
Fact sheet author
Z. Gloria Abad, Ph.D., USDA-APHIS-PPQ-S&T Plant Pathogen Confirmatory Diagnostics Laboratory (PPCDL), United States of America.
