Name and publication

Phytophthora ilicis Buddenh. & Roy A. Young (1957)

Buddenhagen IW and Young RA. 1957. A leaf twig disease of English holly caused by Phytophthora ilicis n.sp. Phytopathology 47: 95–101.

Nomenclature

Mycobank

MB303620

Typification

from Buddenhagen and Young (1957)

Type: UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, Oregon, from leaves and stems of Ilex aquifolium L. collected on November 1954

Ex-type: LOST

Well-authenticated specimen selected by Gloria Abad: 
CPHST BL 39 = P3939 WPC, from Ilex aquifolium, CANADA
CPHST BL 103 = P6099 WPC, from Ilex aquifolium, UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Selected specimen(s) in other collections

(SE) CBS 149896, NRRL 64374, MYA-3897, WPC P3939, S&T BL 39 (Abad), p113 (Gallegly), 18.1 (Ho)

Molecular identification

Voucher sequences for barcoding genes (ITS rDNA and COI) of the selected specimen (see Molecular protocols page)

Phytophthora ilicis isolate CPHST BL 39 (= P3939 WPC) = ITS rDNA MG865511, COI MH136905
Phytophthora ilicis isolate CPHST BL 103 (= P6099 WPC) = ITS rDNA MG865510, COI MH136904

Voucher sequences for Molecular Toolbox with seven genes (ITS, β-tub, COI, EF1α, HSP90, L10, and YPT1

(see Molecular protocols page) (In Progress)

Voucher sequences for Metabarcoding High-throughput Sequencing (HTS) Technologies [Molecular Operational Taxonomic Unit (MOTU)]

(see Molecular protocols page) (In Progress)

Sequences with multiple genes for selected specimen in other sources

• NCBI: Phytophthora ilicis CPHST BL 39 
• NCBI: Phytophthora ilicis CPHST BL 103 
• NCBI: Phytophthora ilicis P6099
• EPPO-Q-bank: Phytophthora ilicis
• BOLDSYSTEMS: Phytophthora ilicis (barcoding COI & ITS)

Position in multigenic phylogeny with 7 genes (ITS, β-tub, COI, EF1α, HSP90, L10, and YPT1)

Clade clade:
a taxonomic group of organisms classified together on the basis of homologous features traced to a common ancestor
3

Morphological identification

Colonies and cardinal temperatures

Colony colony:
assemblage of hyphae which usually develops form a single source and grows in a coordinated way
morphology in V8-A and PDA with light stellate pattern, in MEA with slow growth. The minimum temperature for growth is 5°C, optimum 20°C, and maximum 25°C.

Conditions for growth and sporulation

Sporangia produced after mats growing in pea broth are transfered to water cultures and incubated for 5 days at 20°C.

Asexual phase

Sporangia nonpapillate nonpapillate:
pertaining to the production of a non-distinct, or inconspicuous, papilla at the distal end of the sporangium (cf. papillate and semipapillate)
and semipapillatesemipapillate:
pertaining to the production of shallow having papilla that are not well developed, shallow and less nipple-like than fully papillate structures
; sometimes caducouscaducous:
pertaining to sporangia that become dislodged readily (i.e. deciduous) and separate from the sporangiophore (cf. persistent)
with medium to long pedicels (5–25 μm); ovoidovoid:
egg-shaped, with the widest part at the base of the sporangium and the narrow part at the apex
, obpyriformobpyriform:
inversely pear-shaped, i.e. with the widest part at the point of attachment (cf. pyriform)
(25–45 μm long x 15–28 μm wide); originated in unbranched or in simple sympodial sporangiophores. Hyphal swellings absent. ChlamydosporesChlamydospores:
an asexual spore with a thickened inner wall that is delimited from the mycelium by a septum; may be terminal or intercalary, and survives for long periods in soil
rare.

Sexual phase

Homothallic. OogoniaOogonia:
the female gametangium in which the oospore forms after fertilization by the antheridium
smooth-walled (25–35 μm diam.), presenting tapered bases; antheridia amphigynous; oospores plerotic plerotic:
pertaining to an oospore that fills the oogonium (cf. aplerotic)
and apleroticaplerotic:
pertaining to a mature oospore that does not fill the oogonium; i.e. there is room left between the oospore wall and oogonium wall (cf. plerotic)
.

Specimen(s) evaluated

Phytophthora ilicis CPHST BL 103 = P6099 (World Phytophthora Collection)

Phytophthora ilicis CPHST BL 39 = P3939 (World Phytophthora Collection)

Hosts and distribution

Distribution: Europe (Italy, France, UK), North America (Canada, USA)
Substrate: leaves, twigs
Disease note: leaf and twig blight, bleeding canker
Host: Ilex aquifolium, Ilex spp. (Aquifoliaceae)

Retrieved January 31, 2018 from U.S. National Fungus Collections Nomenclature Database.

Additional references and links

Phytophthora ilicis in OSU Phytophthora Online course: Training for Nursery Growers. Oregon State University.

• SMML USDA-ARS: Phytophthora ilicis
• EPPO Global Database: Phytophthora ilicis
• Forest Phytophthoras of the world: Phytophthora ilicis
• CABI Digital Library: Phytophthora ilicis
• Encyclopedia of Life (EOL): Phytophthora ilicis
• Index Fungorum (IF): Phytophthora ilicis

 

• Google All Phytophthora ilicis
• Google Images Phytophthora ilicis
• Google Scholar Phytophthora ilicis

Fact sheet author

Z. Gloria Abad, Ph.D., USDA-APHIS-PPQ-S&T Plant Pathogen Confirmatory Diagnostics Laboratory (PPCDL), United States of America.