Gargaphia

Taxonomy

Gargaphia Stål, 1862

Type species: Monanthia patricia Stål

Diagnostic characters

Head short, clypeus not surpassing apical half of first antennal segmentantennal segment:
subdivisions of the antennae, denoted by constrictions. All Tingidae have 4 segments.  
; cephalic spinescephalic spine:
a spine on the head
present; bucculaebuccula:
an elevated ridge on either side of the first labial segment
closed anteriorly; rostral sulcusrostral sulcus:
shallow furrow on either side of rostrum (labium)
interrupted by a transverse carinatransverse carina:
a carina that runs across the body or body part, as opposed to longitudinally
; pronotum tricarinatetricarinate:
bearing both median carina and lateral carinae on pronotum
, height of median carinamedian carina:
an elevated ridge located on the midline of the pronotum
almost equal to or less than that of lateral carinaelateral carina:
an elevated ridge located on either side of the pronotum
; pronotal hoodhood:
term used to describe the modified anterior area of the pronotum, which is sometimes tectiform and sometimes bulbous, with numerous intermediate conditions.
bulbous, not extending forward beyond the apex of head, and not compressed anteriorly in dorsal view; paranotumparanotum:
lateral extension of pronotum; may be carinate, explanate, or reflexed
gradually expanded posteriorly, oriented subvertically, without marginal row of spines, anterior margin not projecting anterad; paranotal basal foldsparanotal basal fold:
a structure at the base of paranotum next to the callus of pronotum
absent; hemelytrahemelytron:
one of the basally thickened forewings of Hemiptera
with claval areaclaval area:
parallel-sided and sharply pointed anal area of hemelytron
weakly developed, almost entirely covered by posterior margin of pronotumpronotum:
dorsal sclerite of the first thoracic segment
; discoidal areadiscoidal area:
area of the forewing posterior to the subcostal area
level, not reaching the middle of hemelytrahemelytron:
one of the basally thickened forewings of Hemiptera
; hypocostal laminaehypocostal lamina:
a ridge produced ventrally along costal margin
extending to the apex of abdomen (Hurd 1946Hurd 1946:
Hurd, M. E. P. 1946. Generic classification of North American Tingoidea (Hemiptera-Heteroptera). The Iowa State College Journal of Science 20: 429-493.).

Distribution

Nearctic, Neotropical (Drake and Ruhoff 1960Drake and Ruhoff 1960:
Drake, C. J., and F. Ruhoff, A. 1960. Lace-bug genera of the world (Hemiptera: Tingidae). Proceedings of the United States National Museum 112., Drake and Ruhoff 1965Drake and Ruhoff 1965:
Drake, C. J., and F. A. Ruhoff. 1965. Lacebugs of the World: A Catalog (Hemiptera: Tingidae) Bulletin of the United States National Museum: 1ndash;634., Knudson 2018Knudson 2018:
Knudson, A. H. 2018. The Tingidae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of southern Central America (with an emphasis on Costa Rica). Master#39;s thesis. North Dakota University. https://library.ndsu.edu/ir/handle/10365/28773)

Interceptions at US ports of entry 1984 to 2018

Intercepted species	Shipment origin(s)	Inspected host(s)
Gargaphia iridescens Champion	Mexico	Allium tuberosum, Apium graveolens, Brassica chinensis, Brassica juncea, Brassica sp., Gnaphalium sp., Solanum sp., Zea mays
Gargaphia opacula Uhler	Mexico	Medicago sativa, Musa sp.
Gargaphia sanchezi Froeschner	Ecuador	Solidago sp.
Gargaphia sp.	Ecuador, India, Mexico	Ananas comosus, Apium graveolens, Brassica rapa ssp. pekinensis, Brassica sp., Gerbera sp. Oryza sativa, Physalis pubescens, Sechium sp.

References

Drake and Ruhoff 1960Drake and Ruhoff 1960:
Drake, C. J., and F. Ruhoff, A. 1960. Lace-bug genera of the world (Hemiptera: Tingidae). Proceedings of the United States National Museum 112., Drake and Ruhoff 1965Drake and Ruhoff 1965:
Drake, C. J., and F. A. Ruhoff. 1965. Lacebugs of the World: A Catalog (Hemiptera: Tingidae) Bulletin of the United States National Museum: 1ndash;634., Knudson 2018Knudson 2018:
Knudson, A. H. 2018. The Tingidae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of southern Central America (with an emphasis on Costa Rica). Master#39;s thesis. North Dakota University. https://library.ndsu.edu/ir/handle/10365/28773

Additional images

Gargaphia images at the Smithsonian