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CAPS Non-target - Adult

Grapholita delineana (Walker) (Tortricidae: Olethreutinae: Grapholitini)

Synonyms: apicatana (Grapholita), mundana (Grapholitha), quadristriana (Laspeyresia), sinana (Grapholitha), terstrigana (Grapholitha), tetragrammana (Grapholitha)

Fig. 1: Male

Fig. 1: Male

Fig. 2: Male genitalia

Fig. 2: Male genitalia

Fig. 3: Female sterigma

Fig. 3: Female sterigma

Adult Recognition

FWL: 4.5-6.5 mm

Adults are dark brown with two pair of white dorsal strigulae on each forewing. Hindwings are dark brown. Male genitalia are characterized by an aedeagus that narrows abruptly. Female genitalia are characterized by two signa in the corpus bursae.

Wing pattern is similar to other Grapholita, especially Grapholita tristrigana in eastern North America. The dorsal strigulae in G. delineana are usually narrow and distinctly separated, while those in G. tristrigana may be confluent. The two species can be separated by genitalia: in G. tristrigana the male aedeagus tapers evenly and females lack a signum in the corpus bursae.

Larval Morphology

Larvae are similar to those of other Grapholita. An anal comb is absent. Komai (1999) provides a complete setal map.

Biology

Grapholita delineana completes 2-3 generations per year. Adults are present in mid-May to August in North America.

Females lay eggs on the leaves and stems of the host plant. Larvae feed in the stems, on developing seeds, and also on flowers. Infested plants show a swelling in the stem and possibly and entrance hole with extruded frass. Pupation occurs in the soil.

Host plants

Larvae can be pests on marijuana or hop (Cannabaceae) and have also been recorded on knotweed (Polygonaceae).

Family Genus/species Common name
Cannabaceae Cannabis sativa L. marijuana
Cannabaceae Humulus japonicus Siebold & Zucc. Japanese hop
Cannabaceae Humulus lupulus L. common hop
Polygonaceae Polygonum L. knotweed

Distribution

Grapholita delineana is a native of East Asia that has spread into Europe, Asia Minor, Transcausasia, and North America along with the commercial production of hemp. It was first recorded from North America in 1943 and it is currently distributed from New York west to Minnesota and south to Missouri.

References

Gilligan, T. M., D. J. Wright and L. D. Gibson. 2008. Olethreutine moths of the midwestern United States, an identification guide. Ohio Biological Survey, Columbus, Ohio. 334 pp.

Komai, F. 1999. A taxonomic review of the genus Grapholita and allied genera (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in the Palaearctic region. Entomologica Scandinavica Supplement 55. 226 pp.

Miller, W. E. 1982. Grapholita delineana (Walker), a Eurasian hemp moth, discovered in North America. Annals of the Entomological Society of America. 75: 184-186.

Razowski, J. 2003. Tortricidae of Europe, Vol. 2, Olethreutinae. Frantisek Slamka, Slovakia. 301 pp.

Tortricids of Agricultural Importance by Todd M. Gilligan and Marc E. Epstein
Interactive Keys developed in Lucid 3.5. Last updated August 2014.