KEYS    About TortAI    Fact Sheets    Glossary    ID Thumbnails    DNA Search    Dissection Guides Acleris hastiana << Previous Next >> CAPS Non-target - Adult Acleris hastiana (Linnaeus) (Tortricidae: Tortricinae: Tortricini) Synonyms: a highly variable forewing pattern has led to the description of over 125 synonyms, including many forms, aberrations, and varieties Fig. 1: Male Fig. 1: Male Fig. 2: Male Fig. 2: Male Fig. 3: Female Fig. 3: Female Fig. 4: Female Fig. 4: Female Fig. 5: Female Fig. 5: Female Fig. 6: Female Fig. 6: Female Fig. 7: Female Fig. 7: Female Fig. 8: Female Fig. 8: Female Fig. 9: Male genitalia Fig. 9: Male genitalia Fig. 10: Female genitalia Fig. 10: Female genitalia Adult Recognition FWL: 7.5-12.0 mm This is possibly the most polymorphic tortricid, with over 100 named forms representing different phenotypes. Forewing patterns can be divided into those with longitudinal markings and those with transverse markings, although many forms show a combination of these two classes.  According to Powell (1964), California individuals usually have uniform brown, black, or dull-red forewings with a gray basal band. Males lack a forewing costal fold. Acleris hastiana can be confused with other species of Acleris due to its highly variable forewing pattern. Although it may be possible to diagnose A. hastiana using only wing pattern, a genitalic dissection should be used to confirm identity. Razowski (2002) illustrates differences in genitalia that can be used to separate A. hastiana from other similar European Acleris, such as A. abietana, A. aspersana, A. cristana, A. shepherdana and A. umbrana. Larval Morphology Late instar larvae are pale green or yellow with a brownish-yellow head and pale thoracic legs. The prothoracic shield is concolorous with the abdomen. In earlier instars, the head and prothoracic shield are black. Biology Acleris hastiana completes one or two generations. Adults are present in June and July and again in August through October. Overwintering occurs as a second generation adult. Females deposit individual eggs on bark or branches in the spring (first generation) and on terminal shoots in the summer (second generation). First instar larvae bore into buds. Later intars feed within shelters constructed by webbing together terminal leaves. Pupation occurs in a flimy silken cocoon that is constructed in folded or webbed leaves or on the ground. Host plants In North America, this species has been recorded feeding on blueberry (Vaccinium), bog rosemary (Andromeda), Ceanothus, huckleberry (Gaylussacia), oak (Quercus), Rhododendron, and willow (Salix). Family Genus/species Common name Betulaceae Betula papyrifera Marsh. paper birch Ericaceae Andromeda polifolia L. bog rosemary Ericaceae Rhododendron L. rhododendron Ericaceae Vaccinium L. blueberry Fagaceae Quercus dumosa Nutt. coastal sage scrub oak Myricaceae Myrica gale L. sweetgale Rhamnaceae Ceanothus thyrsiflorus Eschsch. blueblossom Rosaceae Prunus L. Salicaceae Populus alba L. white poplar Salicaceae Populus balsamifera L. balsam poplar Salicaceae Populus tremuloides Michx. quaking aspen Salicaceae Populus L. cottonwood Salicaceae Salix aurita L. eared willow Salicaceae Salix caprea L. goat willow Salicaceae Salix cinerea L. large gray willow Salicaceae Salix fragilis L. crack willow Salicaceae Salix hookeriana Barratt ex Hook. dune willow Salicaceae Salix laevigata Bebb red willow Salicaceae Salix lasiolepis Benth. arroyo willow Salicaceae Salix repens L. creeping willow Salicaceae Salix scouleriana Barratt ex Hook. Scouler's willow Salicaceae Salix sessilifolia Nutt. northwest sandbar willow Salicaceae Salix sitchensis Sanson ex Bong. Sitka willow Salicaceae Salix X sepulcralis Simonkai [alba X ?pendulina] weeping willow Salicaceae Salix L. willow Distribution Acleris hastiana is Holarctic and is widely distributed across Europe and Asia to Japan and North Africa. In North America this species is distributed from the northeastern United States across southern Canada to British Columbia and south along the Pacific Coast to California. References Bradley, J. D., W. G. Tremewan and A. Smith. 1973. British Tortricoid Moths - Cochylidae and Tortricidae: Tortricinae. The Ray Society, London, England. Obraztsov, N. S. 1963. Some North American moths of the genus Acleris. Proceedings of the United States National Museum. 114: 213-270. Powell, J. A. 1964. Biological and taxonomic studies on tortricine moths, with reference to the species in California. University of California Publications in Entomology. Vol. 32. 317 pp. Razowski, J. 2002. Tortricidae of Europe, Vol. 1, Tortricinae and Chlidanotinae. Frantisek Slamka, Slovakia. 247 pp. Tortricids of Agricultural Importance by Todd M. Gilligan and Marc E. Epstein Interactive Keys developed in Lucid 3.5. Last updated August 2014.