Choristoneura rosaceana

Type

Native

Taxonomy

Choristoneura rosaceana (Harris) (Tortricidae: Tortricinae: Archipini)

Common names: oblique banded leaf roller, rosaceous leaf roller

Synonyms: gossypiana (Lozotaenia), vicariana (Teras)

Adult Recognition

FWLFWL:
forewing length; the distance from the base of the forewing to the apex, including fringe
: 7.5-11 mm (males); 11.5-14 mm (females)

Forewing pattern is variable, but the majority of individuals have three fasciaefascia:
a dark transverse band on the forewing
that are variably expressed from costacosta:
the anterior margin of each wing
to dorsumdorsum:
the lower (usually posterior) or inner margin
. The costal margincostal margin:
see costa
, especially in females, is sinuatesinuate:
a curved or wavy margin
, giving resting individuals a classic "bell-shaped" appearance. The distaldistal:
farthest from body, distant from point of attachment
half of the hindwing is white in males and yellowish in females. Males have a small triangular forewing costal foldforewing costal fold:
a flap or fold at the base of the forewing that contains specialized sex scales
; however, some California populations have males that lack a costal fold.

Male genitalia are characterized by a distally swollen uncusuncus:
a sclerotized process which is fused to the posterodorsal margin of tergum IX
; a well-developed gnathosgnathos:
a narrow bandlike structure that joins the posterolateral edges of the tegumen and supports the anal tube
; and relatively small, membranous valvaevalva:
an appendage flanking the intromittent organ that is used to clasp the female during copulation
. Female genitalia are characterized by an extremely long ductus bursaeductus bursae:
a membranous tube connecting the ostium bursae to the corpus bursae
with a cestumcestum:
a long, bandlike sclerotization of the wall of the ductus bursae
present; and a long, thin, hooked signumsignum:
a sclerotized projection or patch on the interior of the corpus bursae
in the corpus bursaecorpus bursae:
a dilated membranous sac at the anterior end of the bursa copulatrix
.

Larval Morphology

The following account is summarized from MacKay (1962a) and Chapman & Lienk (1971).

Last instar larvae are green to yellowish green and 25-30 mm long. The head is black to light brown. The prothoracic shieldprothoracic shield:
a sclerotized plate on the dorsal surface of the prothorax
varies from completely shaded (black or brown), to partially shaded, to having no shading (body color). The thoracic legs are dark brown to black.

Detailed figures of larval chaetotaxychaetotaxy:
the arrangement of setae (in reference to Lepidoptera larvae), often depicted on a "setal map"
are available in MacKay (1962a).

Similar Species

Adults are similar to other species of Choristoneura, especially C. fractivittana and C. parallela, although these species are not nearly as common and males do not have a forewing costal foldforewing costal fold:
a flap or fold at the base of the forewing that contains specialized sex scales
. Many species of Pandemis have a similar wing pattern but male Pandemis do not have a forewing costal foldforewing costal fold:
a flap or fold at the base of the forewing that contains specialized sex scales
.

Choristoneura rosaceana larvae are variable and can appear similar to larvae of many other tortricid species.

Biology

The following account is summarized from Craighead (1950)Craighead (1950):
Craighead, F. C. 1950. Insect enemies of eastern forests. United States Department of Agriculture, Miscellaneous Publications. 657: 1-679., Chapman et al. (1968), and Chapman & Lienk (1971).

Choristoneura rosaceana completes two annual generations over the majority of its range; however, only one generation is completed in northern areas and at higher elevations. Adults are present in late June though July and again in late August through September.

Eggs are laid in flat masses on the upper side of leaves. Egg masses may contain 200-900 individual eggs and are covered by the female with a waxy substance. First instar larvae hatch in 5-12 days and crawl to a protected location on the underside of leaves, in the buds, or under the calyx of a fruit. Young larvae may also disperse to other hosts by ballooning in the wind on a silk thread. Later instar larvae construct tubular shelters by webbing leaves. Larvae typically complete six instars, and second or third instars may overwinter in the fall and complete development in late May to mid-June. Pupation occurs in the final feeding shelter and lasts approximately 10-12 days.

Larvae of Choristoneura rosaceana are highly polyphagous and feed on the leaves or fruits of a wide variety of plants. Preferred hosts appear to be woody plants and members of the family Rosaceae. The following is a partial host list.

Although this species is not currently considered a serious economic threat in North America, there have been populations of C. rosaceana reported as being resistant to insecticides (Carriere et al. 1996Carriere et al. 1996:
Carriere, Y., Deland, J. P., Roff, D. A. 1996. Obliquebanded leafroller (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) resistance to insecticides: among-orchard variation and cross-resistance. Journal of Economic Entomology. 89: 577-582.).

Host plant

Host plant family

Reference(s)

Acer negundo

Aceraceae

Prentice 1966Prentice 1966:
Prentice, R. M. 1966. Vol. 4. Microlepidoptera. In : Forest Lepidoptera of Canada recorded by the Forest Insect Survey. Dept. For. Canada Publ. 1142: 543-840.

Acer rubrum

Aceraceae

Prentice 1966Prentice 1966:
Prentice, R. M. 1966. Vol. 4. Microlepidoptera. In : Forest Lepidoptera of Canada recorded by the Forest Insect Survey. Dept. For. Canada Publ. 1142: 543-840.

Acer saccharinum

Aceraceae

Prentice 1966Prentice 1966:
Prentice, R. M. 1966. Vol. 4. Microlepidoptera. In : Forest Lepidoptera of Canada recorded by the Forest Insect Survey. Dept. For. Canada Publ. 1142: 543-840.

Acer sp.

Aceraceae

Schaffner 1959Schaffner 1959:
Schaffner, J. V. 1959. Microlepidoptera and their parasites reared from field collections in the northeastern United States. USDA, Misc. Publ. 767. 97 pp.; Powell 1964bPowell 1964b:
Powell, J. A. 1964b. Biological and taxonomic studies on tortricine moths, with reference to the species in California. University of California Publications in Entomology. Vol. 32. 317 pp.

Pistacia sp.

Anacardiaceae

Chapman & Lienk 1971; Rice et al. 1988Rice et al. 1988:
Rice, R. E., Flaherty, D. L., Jones, R. A. 1988. The obliquebanded leafroller: a new pest of pistachios? California Agriculture. 42: 27-29.

Rhus coriaria

Anacardiaceae

LACM IndexLACM Index:
LACM Index. Records from the card file at the Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History, Los Angeles, California; transcribed by Gaeden Robinson (BMNH).

Ambrosia sp.

Asteraceae

LACM IndexLACM Index:
LACM Index. Records from the card file at the Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History, Los Angeles, California; transcribed by Gaeden Robinson (BMNH).

Aster sp.

Asteraceae

LACM IndexLACM Index:
LACM Index. Records from the card file at the Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History, Los Angeles, California; transcribed by Gaeden Robinson (BMNH).

Helianthus annuus

Asteraceae

BMNH collectionBMNH collection:
BMNH collection. Based on identified reared specimens in the collection of The Natural History Museum, London; identifications by staff of the Lepidoptera Section.

Solidago sp.

Asteraceae

Godfrey et al. 1987Godfrey et al. 1987:
Godfrey, G. L., Cashatt, E. D., Glenn, M. O. 1987. Microlepidoptera from the Sandy Creek and Illinois River Region: A annotated checklist of the suborders Dacnonypha, Monotrysia, and Ditrysia (in part) (Insecta). Spec. Publ. 7. Illinois Natural History Survey.

Alnus incana

Betulaceae

Prentice 1966Prentice 1966:
Prentice, R. M. 1966. Vol. 4. Microlepidoptera. In : Forest Lepidoptera of Canada recorded by the Forest Insect Survey. Dept. For. Canada Publ. 1142: 543-840.; Ferguson 1975Ferguson 1975:
Ferguson, D. C. 1975. Host records for Lepidoptera reared in eastern North America. United States Department of Agriculture Technical Bulletin 1521. 49 pp.

Betula alleghaniensis

Betulaceae

LACM IndexLACM Index:
LACM Index. Records from the card file at the Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History, Los Angeles, California; transcribed by Gaeden Robinson (BMNH).; Prentice 1966Prentice 1966:
Prentice, R. M. 1966. Vol. 4. Microlepidoptera. In : Forest Lepidoptera of Canada recorded by the Forest Insect Survey. Dept. For. Canada Publ. 1142: 543-840.

Betula papyrifera

Betulaceae

Prentice 1966Prentice 1966:
Prentice, R. M. 1966. Vol. 4. Microlepidoptera. In : Forest Lepidoptera of Canada recorded by the Forest Insect Survey. Dept. For. Canada Publ. 1142: 543-840.

Betula populifolia

Betulaceae

Powell 1964bPowell 1964b:
Powell, J. A. 1964b. Biological and taxonomic studies on tortricine moths, with reference to the species in California. University of California Publications in Entomology. Vol. 32. 317 pp.

Betula sp.

Betulaceae

LACM IndexLACM Index:
LACM Index. Records from the card file at the Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History, Los Angeles, California; transcribed by Gaeden Robinson (BMNH).; Schaffner 1959Schaffner 1959:
Schaffner, J. V. 1959. Microlepidoptera and their parasites reared from field collections in the northeastern United States. USDA, Misc. Publ. 767. 97 pp.; Powell 1964bPowell 1964b:
Powell, J. A. 1964b. Biological and taxonomic studies on tortricine moths, with reference to the species in California. University of California Publications in Entomology. Vol. 32. 317 pp.; Ferguson 1975Ferguson 1975:
Ferguson, D. C. 1975. Host records for Lepidoptera reared in eastern North America. United States Department of Agriculture Technical Bulletin 1521. 49 pp.

Corylus avellana

Betulaceae

Chapman & Lienk 1971; AliNazee 1986

Corylus sp.

Betulaceae

Ostrya virginiana

Betulaceae

LACM IndexLACM Index:
LACM Index. Records from the card file at the Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History, Los Angeles, California; transcribed by Gaeden Robinson (BMNH).

Calycanthus occidentalis

Calycanthaceae

Powell 2006Powell 2006:
Powell, J. A. 2006. Database of Lepidoptera rearing lots, 1960-2005. University of California Berkeley, CA.

Lonicera periclymenum

Caprifoliaceae

LACM IndexLACM Index:
LACM Index. Records from the card file at the Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History, Los Angeles, California; transcribed by Gaeden Robinson (BMNH).

Lonicera sp.

Caprifoliaceae

LACM IndexLACM Index:
LACM Index. Records from the card file at the Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History, Los Angeles, California; transcribed by Gaeden Robinson (BMNH).; Schaffner 1959Schaffner 1959:
Schaffner, J. V. 1959. Microlepidoptera and their parasites reared from field collections in the northeastern United States. USDA, Misc. Publ. 767. 97 pp.; MacKay 1962aMacKay 1962a:
MacKay, M. R. 1962a. Larvae of the North American Tortricinae (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). Canadian Entomologist, Supplement 28: 1-182.; Barron & Bisdee 1984

Host plant table (embedded)

View full screen host table here

Distribution

Choristoneura rosaceana is widely distributed throughout the continental United States and southern Canada. It is one of the most common tortricid species encountered in North America.