Wallaceodendron

Taxonomy

Wallaceodendron S.H. Koorders Meded. Lands Plantentuin 19: 630. 1898.

Subfamily: Mimosoideae.
Phylogenetic Number: 2.5.16.
Tribe: Ingeae.
Species Studied - Species in Genus: 1 studied; 1 in genus.

Description

Fruit: A legumelegume:
usually dry, dehiscent fruit derived from a single carpel that opens along two longitudinal sutures
; unilocular; 10–20 cm long; 2.5–4 cm wide; 0.8–2.5 cm thick; 2–9 times longer than wide; with deciduous androecial sheath; with deciduous corolla; with deciduous calyx; without orifice formed by curving of fruit or fruit segments; straight to curved; not plicate; not twisted; asymmetrical, or symmetrical; oblong, or falcate; with both sutures parallelly curved; not inflated; compressed; without beak; rounded at apex to short tapered at apex; aligned with longitudinal axis of fruit; short tapered at base; aligned with longitudinal axis of fruit; with the apex and base uniform in texture; ligneous; seed chambers externally visible, or invisible; margin constricted to not constricted; margin constricted along both margins; margin without sulcus; margin plain; wing(s) absent; substipitate; with the stipe 3–5 mm long; with all layers dehiscing; splitting along suture(s). Dehiscence of valves medial and up and down (but barely separating and with endocarp eventually falling from sutures as 1-seeded winged segments and leaving fibrous part of mesocarp attached to sutures); passive. Replum invisible. Epicarp dull; monochrome; dark brown; with surface texture uniform; pubescent but soon deciduous (when young, pubescence reddish brown), or glabrate (when mature); with hairs erect; with simple hairs; eglandular; without spines; not smooth; with elevated features; not veined; not tuberculate; shagreen; checking and exfoliating; without cracks; without embedded tissue, much thicker than epicarp, running from base to apex. Mesocarp present; surface not veined; 1-layered; without balsamic vesicles; without reniform canals; fibrous throughout and mealy (between and separating from fibers); ligneous. Endocarp present; visible; dull; opaque; bichrome; wings tan and brown (reddish, over seed chambers); smooth; without adhering pieces of testa; septate; not exfoliating; separating from mesocarp; separating into 1-seeded winged segments. Seed(s) 3–11; length transverse to fruit length; neither overlapping nor touching; in 1 series. Funiculus up to 35 mm long; of 1 length only; filiform; coiled. Aril absent.

Seed: 13–15 mm long; 10–13 mm wide; 2–4 mm thick; not overgrown; not angular; symmetrical; oblong; compressed; with surface smooth; without visible radicle and cotyledon lobes; without hilar sinus; without umbo on seed faces; without medial ridge on each face. Cuticle not exfoliating; not inflated; not wrinkled. Testa present; without pieces of adhering epicarp; not adhering to endocarp; free from endocarp; glossy; not modified by a bloom; colored; monochrome; brown; glabrous; smooth; coriaceous. Pleurogram present; 90 %. Pseudopleurogram absent. Fracture lines present, or absent. Rim absent. Wing(s) absent. Raphe not visible. Hilum present; visible; without faboid split; punctiform; subapical to radicle tip; recessed; not within corona, halo, or rim. Lens discernible; 0.2 mm long; with margins straight, or curved; linear; elliptic; not in groove of raphe; mounded (in depression); dissimilar color from testa; yellow (between black lines); not within corona, halo, or rim. Endosperm absent. Cotyledons smooth; both outer faces flat; both the same thickness; both more or less of equal length; with only 1 folded (one over other along 1 side); margin entire 180 degrees from base of radicle; similar at apex; partially concealing radicle; split over radicle; with the interface division terminating at base of radicle; without margins recessed; inner face flat; glabrous on inner face. Embryonic axis straight; parallel to length of seed; without a joint evident between the radicle and the cotyledons. Radicle differentiated from cotyledon; straight with embryonic axis; centered between cotyledons. Plumule well developed; glabrous.

Distribution

Philippine Islands and Celebes.

Old World; Indonesia and the Philippines (Philippine Islands and Celebes).

Generic Notes

Wallaceodendron celebicum "dehisces" one-seeded, winged, indehiscent endocarp segments similar to Plathymenia spp. in the Mimoseae. Nielsen et al. (1983a, 1983b) revised the genus.