Sinodolichos

Taxonomy

Sinodolichos B. Verdcourt Kew Bull. 24: 398. 1970 (sero).

Subfamily: Faboideae.
Phylogenetic Number: 3.10.34.
Tribe: Phaseoleae.
Subtribe: Glycininae.
Species Studied - Species in Genus: 1 studied; 2 in genus.

Description

Fruit: A legumelegume:
usually dry, dehiscent fruit derived from a single carpel that opens along two longitudinal sutures
; unilocular; 5–6 cm long; 0.6–0.75 cm wide; 0.3–0.4 cm thick; 2–9 times longer than wide to more than 9 times longer than wide; with deciduous androecial sheath; with deciduous corolla; with persistent calyx; with calyx shorter than fruit; without orifice formed by curving of fruit or fruit segments; straight to curved (slightly); not plicate; not twisted; symmetrical to asymmetrical (slightly); linear, or moniliform, or falcate (slightly); with both sutures parallelly curved; not inflated; compressed; without beak; short tapered at apex to rounded at apex; aligned with longitudinal axis of fruit; short tapered at base to rounded at base; aligned with longitudinal axis of fruit; with the apex and base uniform in texture; coriaceous; seed chambers externally invisible; margin not constricted; margin without sulcus; margin plain; wing(s) absent; nonstipitate; with all layers dehiscing; splitting along suture(s). Dehiscence of valves along both sutures; apical and down; active; with valves twisting. Replum invisible. Epicarp dull; monochrome; dark brown; with surface texture uniform; pubescent and indurate; with hairs erect; with 2 types of pubescence; sericeous; with pubescence golden; with pubescence uniformly distributed; with simple hairs and complex hairs; with bristle-like hairs; pliable; with hair bases plain; straight; straight at apex; glandular; with glandular dots; without spines; smooth, or not smooth; with elevated features; not veined; not tuberculate; glandular dotted and papillose; not exfoliating; without cracks; without embedded tissue, much thicker than epicarp, running from base to apex. Mesocarp present; thin; surface not veined; 1-layered; without balsamic vesicles; without fibers; without reniform canals; solid; chartaceous. Endocarp present; visible; dull; opaque; mottled; brown; with mottling over seed chambers; with brown overlay and tan overlay; scurfy and floury-filamentous; without adhering pieces of testa; septate; with septa thin (tissue paper-like), flexible; with septa eglandular; chartaceous; not exfoliating; remaining fused to mesocarp and epicarp; without wings; entire. Seed(s) 7–10; length parallel with fruit length; neither overlapping nor touching; in 1 series. Funiculus 0.5–0.7 mm long; of 1 length only; flattened; triangular. Aril present; dry; when dry rim-aril and tongue-aril; entire; cream.

Seed: 4–5.8 mm long; 2.9–4.6 mm wide; 2–2.4 mm thick; not overgrown; not angular; symmetrical, or asymmetrical; regularly or irregularly reniform; compressed; with surface smooth; without visible radicle and cotyledon lobes; without hilar sinus; without umbo on seed faces; without medial ridge on each face. Cuticle not exfoliating; not inflated; not wrinkled. Testa present; without pieces of adhering epicarp; not adhering to endocarp, or partially adhering to endocarp; free from endocarp; dull; not modified by a bloom; colored; mottled; with frequent mottles; reddish brown; with brown overlay (dark); glabrous; not smooth; with elevated features; reticulate; coriaceous. Pleurogram absent. Pseudopleurogram absent. Fracture lines absent. Rim absent. Wing(s) absent. Raphe not visible. Hilum present; partially concealed; concealed by aril; with faboid split; with the lips of the faboid split the same color as the rest of the hilum; larger than punctiform; 1.7–1.9 mm long; with curved outline; elliptic; apical according to radicle tip but marginal according to seed length; recessed; within corona; corona color darker than testa. Lens discernible; ca. 0.5 mm long; with margins straight; linear; not in groove of raphe; confluent with hilum; flush; similar color as testa; darker than testa; brown; within corona; corona color darker than testa. Endosperm present; thin; not pluglike and not resembling tip of radicle; covering entire embryo; adnate to testa. Cotyledons not smooth; 1–3 grooves on each face; both outer faces convex; both the same thickness; both more or less of equal length; not folded; margin entire 180 degrees from base of radicle; similar at apex; not concealing radicle; notched at radicle; without lobes; with the interface division terminating at base of radicle; without margins recessed; yellow; inner face flat; glabrous on inner face. Embryonic axis oblique; perpendicular to length of seed; without a joint evident between the radicle and the cotyledons. Radicle differentiated from cotyledon; bulbose; lobe tip curved; oblique to cotyledons; centered between cotyledons; less than 1/2 length of cotyledons. Plumule rudimentary; glabrous.

Distribution

Asia.

Old World; Indochina and China.

Generic Notes

Lackey (1981) noted "a poorly known genus. It is possibly congeneric with Glycine" (10.35). Their fruits and seeds are similar.

Tribal Notes

Tribe Phaseoleae

Bruneau et al. (1995) carried out cladistic analyses of tribe Phaseoleae using chloroplast DNA restriction site data. Their results indicated that the tribe is not monophyletic and that the tribal delimitations between Phaseoleae and Desmodieae (11) and between Phaseoleae and Millettieae (7) are problematic.