Lysidice

Taxonomy

Lysidice H.F. Hance J. Bot. 5: 298. Oct 1867.

Subfamily: Caesalpinioideae.
Phylogenetic Number: 1.4.15.
Tribe: Detarieae.
Group: Hymenostegia.
Species Studied - Species in Genus: 1 studied; 1 in genus.

Description

Fruit: A legume; unilocular; 15–22 cm long; 3.5–4.5 cm wide; 0.5 cm thick; 2–9 times longer than wide; with deciduous androecial sheath; with deciduous corolla; with deciduous calyx; without orifice formed by curving of fruit or fruit segments; curved; not plicate; not twisted; asymmetrical; oblanceolate to oblong; not inflated; flattened; without beak; rounded at apex (bearing stylar base); aligned with longitudinal axis of fruit; rounded at base; aligned with longitudinal axis of fruit; with the apex and base uniform in texture; ligneous; seed chambers externally invisible; margin not constricted; margin without sulcus; margin plain; wing(s) absent; substipitate; with all layers dehiscing; splitting along suture(s). Dehiscence of valves along both sutures; active; with valves separately enrolling. Replum invisible. Epicarp dull; monochrome; brown; with surface texture uniform; glabrous; eglandular; without spines; not smooth; with elevated features; faintly veined; transversely veined relative to fruit length; not tuberculate; not exfoliating; without cracks; without embedded tissue, much thicker than epicarp, running from base to apex. Mesocarp present; surface not veined; 2-layered; without balsamic vesicles; with fibers; without reniform canals; with fibers oblique reticulate embedded in mealy tissue over solid layer; ligneous. Endocarp present; visible; dull; opaque; monochrome; brown; smooth; without adhering pieces of testa; subseptate; not exfoliating; remaining fused to mesocarp and epicarp; entire. Seed(s) 10; length transverse to fruit length to oblique to fruit length; neither overlapping nor touching; in 1 series. Funiculus 0.1–2 mm long; of 1 length only; flattened; straight. Aril present; dry; when dry caplike; entire; covering less than 1/2 of seed; brown (nearly color of testa).

Seed: 19–22 mm long; 13–16 mm wide; 4–5 mm thick; not overgrown; not angular; symmetrical; oblong; compressed; with surface smooth; without visible radicle and cotyledon lobes; without hilar sinus; without umbo on seed faces; without medial ridge on each face. Cuticle not exfoliating; not inflated; not wrinkled. Testa present; without pieces of adhering epicarp; not adhering to endocarp; free from endocarp; glossy; not modified by a bloom; colored; monochrome; brown (usually darker along margins and yellowish brown on faces); glabrous; smooth; osseous. Pleurogram absent. Pseudopleurogram present; 100 %. Fracture lines present; concentric. Rim absent. Wing(s) absent. Raphe visible (upon removal of cuticle a whitish raphe is visible from hilum to base of seed). Hilum present; fully concealed; concealed by aril; without faboid split; punctiform; subapical to radicle tip; flush (in depression); not within corona, halo, or rim. Lens not discernible. Endosperm absent. Cotyledons smooth; both outer faces convex; both the same thickness; both more or less of equal length; not folded; margin entire 180 degrees from base of radicle; similar at apex; partially concealing radicle (only tip exposed); split over radicle and notched at radicle; with the interface division terminating at base of radicle; without margins recessed; inner face flat; glabrous on inner face. Embryonic axis straight; parallel to length of seed; without a joint evident between the radicle and the cotyledons. Radicle differentiated from cotyledon; centered between cotyledons. Plumule rudimentary; glabrous.

Distribution

Vietnam and south China.

Old World; south China and Indochina (Vietnam).

Generic Notes

During imbibition, The cuticle expands and fragments and the testa causes the softening solution to become dark red.

Tribal Notes

Tribe Detarieae

Bruneau et al. (2000) carried out extensive phylogenetic analyses of tribes Amherstieae and Detarieae. They concluded that they form a single monophyletic group. Therefore, they supported Polhill's (1995a, 1995b) decision to unite the two tribes.