Distemonantus

Taxonomy

Distemonanthus G. Bentham In Bentham et J. D. Hooker, Gen. 1: 573. 19 Oct 1865.

Subfamily: Caesalpinioideae.
Phylogenetic Number: 1.2.14.
Tribe: Cassieae.
Subtribe: Dialiinae.
Species Studied - Species in Genus: 1 studied; 1 in genus.

Description

Fruit: A legume; unilocular; 6–13 cm long; 2.5–4.5 cm wide; 0.1–0.3 cm thick; 2–9 times longer than wide; with deciduous androecial sheath; with deciduous corolla; with deciduous calyx; without orifice formed by curving of fruit or fruit segments; straight; not plicate; not twisted; asymmetrical; oblong; not inflated; flattened; without beak; tapered at apex; aligned with longitudinal axis of fruit to right-angled with longitudinal axis of fruit; short tapered at base; aligned with longitudinal axis of fruit; with the apex and base uniform in texture; ligneous; seed chambers externally barely visible, or invisible; margin sometimes folded but not constricted; margin without sulcus; margin embellished; margin with wing(s); wing(s) present (poorly defined, essentially a color difference); wing(s) 1; wing(s) 0.1–8 mm wide; wing(s) sutural (?, stated as "ventral"); wing(s) on 1 suture (ventral); substipitate; indehiscent. Replum invisible. Epicarp dull; monochrome; greenish to blackish brown; with surface texture uniform; glabrate, or pubescent and indurate; with hairs erect; with simple hairs; eglandular; without spines; not smooth; with elevated features; veined; reticulately veined and transversely veined relative to fruit length (with stronger transverse veins); not tuberculate; not exfoliating; without cracks; without embedded tissue, much thicker than epicarp, running from base to apex. Mesocarp present; surface not veined; 1-layered; without balsamic vesicles; without fibers; without reniform canals; solid; ligneous. Endocarp present; visible; glossy; opaque; monochrome; yellow to tan; without adhering pieces of testa; nonseptate; not exfoliating; remaining fused to mesocarp and epicarp; entire. Seed(s) 2–5; length transverse to fruit length; neither overlapping nor touching; in 1 series. Funiculus 5–9 mm long; of 1 length only; filiform; curved to hooked ("fish-hooked"). Aril absent.

Seed: 7–9 mm long; 5–6 mm wide; 1–2 mm thick; not overgrown; not angular; symmetrical; oblong; flattened; with surface smooth; without visible radicle and cotyledon lobes; without hilar sinus; without umbo on seed faces; without medial ridge on each face. Cuticle not exfoliating; not inflated; not wrinkled. Testa present; without pieces of adhering epicarp; not adhering to endocarp; free from endocarp; glossy; not modified by a bloom; colored; monochrome; brown; glabrous; smooth; osseous. Pleurogram absent. Pseudopleurogram absent. Fracture lines present; on face inconspicuous and reticulate, or longitudinal (prominent along margins from hilum to lens). Rim absent. Wing(s) absent. Raphe not visible. Hilum present; fully concealed; concealed by funicular remnant; without faboid split; punctiform; apical at apex of radicle tip; flush; not within corona, halo, or rim. Lens discernible; 0.5 mm long; with margins straight; irregular; not in groove of raphe; flush; similar color as testa; darker than testa; not within corona, halo, or rim. Endosperm present; thick; not pluglike and not resembling tip of radicle; adnate to testa. Cotyledons smooth; both outer faces convex; both the same thickness; 1 longer than other; not folded; margin entire 180 degrees from base of radicle; similar at apex; partially concealing radicle; with lobes (1 lobe longer than the other); with lobes not touching; with the interface division terminating at base of radicle; without margins recessed; inner face flat; glabrous on inner face. Embryonic axis deflexed; oblique to length of seed; without a joint evident between the radicle and the cotyledons. Radicle differentiated from cotyledon; centered between cotyledons. Plumule rudimentary; glabrous.

Distribution