Cenostigma

Taxonomy

Cenostigma E.L.R. Tulasne Ann. Sci. Nat. Bot. ser. 2. 20: 140. Sep 1843.

Subfamily: Caesalpinioideae.
Phylogenetic Number: 1.1.32.
Tribe: Caesalpinieae.
Group: Caesalpinia.
Species Studied - Species in Genus: 3 studied; 6 in genus.

Description

Fruit: A legume; unilocular; 8–14 cm long; 3–4 cm wide; 0.5–0.8 cm thick; 2–9 times longer than wide; with deciduous androecial sheath; with deciduous corolla; with deciduous calyx; without orifice formed by curving of fruit or fruit segments; straight; not plicate; not twisted; symmetrical; oblanceolate; not inflated; flattened; without beak; long tapered at apex to tapered at apex; oblique with longitudinal axis of fruit (bearing hooked style); tapered at base to short tapered at base; oblique with longitudinal axis of fruit; with the apex and base uniform in texture; ligneous; seed chambers externally invisible, or visible; margin not constricted; margin without sulcus; margin embellished; margin with wing(s); wing(s) present; wing(s) 1; wing(s) 0.1–20 mm wide; wing(s) sutural (at base of ventral suture); wing(s) on 1 suture (at base of ventral suture); substipitate; with all layers dehiscing; splitting along suture(s). Dehiscence of valves along both sutures; apical and down; active (?); with valves revolute (?). Replum invisible. Epicarp dull to glossy; monochrome; dark reddish brown; with surface texture uniform; glabrous, or pubescent and indurate; with hairs erect; with complex hairs; with T-shaped hairs (stellate); eglandular; without spines; not smooth; with elevated features; veined, or not veined; reticulately veined; not tuberculate; rugose; exfoliating in part; without cracks; without embedded tissue, much thicker than epicarp, running from base to apex. Mesocarp present; surface not veined; 1-layered; without balsamic vesicles; without fibers; without reniform canals; solid; ligneous. Endocarp present; visible; dull; opaque; monochrome; tan, or black; cobwebby (minute stellate hairs on black surface); without adhering pieces of testa; subseptate; not exfoliating; remaining fused to mesocarp and epicarp; entire. Seed(s) 3–4; length transverse to fruit length; neither overlapping nor touching; in 1 series. Funiculus 0.1–2 mm long; of 1 length only; thick; triangular. Aril absent.

Seed: 17–19 mm long; 14–16 mm wide; 4–5 mm thick; not overgrown; not angular; symmetrical; ovate; compressed; with surface smooth; without visible radicle and cotyledon lobes; without hilar sinus; without umbo on seed faces; without medial ridge on each face. Cuticle not exfoliating; not inflated; not wrinkled. Testa present; without pieces of adhering epicarp; not adhering to endocarp; free from endocarp; glossy; not modified by a bloom; colored; monochrome; brown; glabrous; smooth; osseous. Pleurogram absent. Pseudopleurogram absent. Fracture lines present; reticulate. Rim absent. Wing(s) absent. Raphe not visible. Hilum present; fully concealed; concealed by funicular remnant; without faboid split; punctiform; apical at apex of radicle tip; recessed; not within corona, halo, or rim. Lens not discernible. Endosperm absent. Cotyledons smooth; both outer faces convex; both the same thickness; both more or less of equal length; with only 1 folded (marginally faintly); margin entire 180 degrees from base of radicle; similar at apex; partially concealing radicle; with lobes (lobes with crimped margins); with lobes overlapping; with basal groin formed by lobes; with the interface division terminating at base of radicle; without margins recessed; inner face flat; glabrous on inner face. Embryonic axis straight; parallel to length of seed; without a joint evident between the radicle and the cotyledons. Radicle differentiated from cotyledon; centered between cotyledons. Plumule well developed; glabrous.

Distribution