Angylocalyx

Taxonomy

Angylocalyx P.H.W. Taubert Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 23: 172. 15 Sep 1896.

Subfamily: Faboideae.
Phylogenetic Number: 3.2.13.
Tribe: Sophoreae.
Group: Angylocalyx.
Species Studied - Species in Genus: 3 studied; 7 in genus.

Description

Fruit: A legume (sperficially resembling a loment); unilocular; 5–20 cm long; 0.8–2.6 cm wide; 0.7–2 cm thick; 2–9 times longer than wide, or more than 9 times longer than wide; with deciduous androecial sheath; with deciduous corolla; with persistent calyx; with calyx shorter than fruit; without orifice formed by curving of fruit or fruit segments; straight to curved (to slightly curved); not plicate; not twisted, or twisted; asymmetrical, or symmetrical; moniliform, or falcate and moniliform, or C-shaped and moniliform; with both sutures parallelly curved; not inflated; terete; with beak; straight, or hooked; with solid beak the same color and texture as fruit; tapered at apex; aligned with longitudinal axis of fruit, or oblique with longitudinal axis of fruit, or right-angled with longitudinal axis of fruit; tapered at base; aligned with longitudinal axis of fruit, or oblique with longitudinal axis of fruit; with the apex and base uniform in texture; coriaceous to ligneous; seed chambers externally visible; seed chambers with the raised seed chambers torulose; margin constricted; margin constricted along both margins; margin plain; wing(s) absent; stipitate, or substipitate; with the stipe 4–25 mm long; indehiscent. Replum invisible. Epicarp dull; monochrome; brown; with surface texture uniform; glabrous, or pubescent and indurate; with hairs erect; with 1 type of pubescence; velutinous; with pubescence brown; with pubescence uniformly distributed; with simple hairs; pliable; with hair bases plain; eglandular; without spines; not smooth; with elevated features; not veined; not tuberculate; rugose and wrinkled, or wrinkled; not exfoliating; without cracks; without embedded tissue, much thicker than epicarp, running from base to apex. Mesocarp present, or absent; thin; surface not veined; 1-layered; without balsamic vesicles; without reniform canals; solid; coriaceous to chartaceous. Endocarp present; visible; dull; opaque; monochrome; tan; smooth, or cracked, or transversely wrinkled; without adhering pieces of testa; nonseptate; chartaceous; not exfoliating; remaining fused to mesocarp and epicarp; remaining fused to epicarp; without wings; entire. Seed(s) 2–7; length parallel with fruit length; neither overlapping nor touching; in 1 series.

Seed: 15–20 mm long; 9–10 mm wide; 8–9 mm thick; not overgrown; not angular; symmetrical; elliptic; terete; with surface wrinkled; without hilar sinus; without umbo on seed faces; without medial ridge on each face. Cuticle not exfoliating; not inflated; not wrinkled. Testa absent (fused to endocarp); not adhering to endocarp. Endosperm absent. Cotyledons not smooth; wrinkled and pitted; both outer faces convex; both the same thickness, or one thicker than the other (slightly); both more or less of equal length; not folded; margin entire 180 degrees from base of radicle; partially concealing radicle; notched at radicle; without lobes; with the interface division terminating at base of radicle; without margins recessed; tan to brown to orange; inner face flat; glabrous on inner face. Embryonic axis right angled; oblique to length of seed, or perpendicular to length of seed; without a joint evident between the radicle and the cotyledons. Radicle differentiated from cotyledon; triangular; lobe tip straight; deflexed and parallel to cotyledon width; centered between cotyledons; less than 1/2 length of cotyledons. Plumule rudimentary; glabrous.

Distribution

Tropical Africa.

Old World; Africa.

Tribal Notes

Tribe Sophoreae

Polhill (1981b) stated that the Sophoreae s.l. is a tribe of convenience between the Caesalpinioideae and the bulk of the Papilionoideae, sharply defined from neither. He transferred four genera from Sophoreae into the Swartzieae (1), Amburana (3.1.15), Ateleia (3.1.13), Cyathostegia (3.1.14), and Holocalyx (3.1.12), following Herendeen's (1995) cladistic analyses. Herendeen performed cladistic analyses for all Swartzieae genera, sensu Cowan (1981), 19 Sophoreae genera, and three Caesalpinioideae genera. He concluded that Swartzieae is polyphyletic and that it should be disbanded and its genera transferred to Sophoreae. Preliminary rbcL data (Doyle et al. 1997) supported his conclusions.