Exotic
Pseudargyrotoza conwagana (Fabricius) (Tortricidae: Tortricinae: Cnephasiini)
Common names: yellow-spot tortrix, yellow-spot twist
Synonyms: aeratana (Tortrix), conwayana (Phalaena (Tortrix)), deficiens (Argyrotoxa), erebina (Tortrix conwayana [sic!] ab.), hoffmannseggana (Cochylis), hoffmanseggana (Agapeta), hoffmanseggiana (Tortrix), hofmanseggana (Tortrix), montana (Phalaena), spixiana (Tortix), subaurantiana (Argyrotoza), subaurantiana (Commophila)
FWL: 5-6 mm
Adults are yellow to orange, often with black scaling on apical half of forewing. There are several rows of large silvery blue dots. Labial palpilabial palpi:
a pair of sensory appendages that project from the lower part of the head; usually covered in scales and three-segmented
are moderate in length and porrectporrect:
extending forward horizontally 
. The hindwings are dark gray. Males have moderately long cilia on the antennae and lack a forewing costal foldforewing costal fold:
a flap or fold at the base of the forewing that contains specialized sex scales
.
Male genitalia are characterized by a club-like uncusuncus:
a sclerotized process which is fused to the posterodorsal margin of tergum IX
; upcurved, slender valvaevalvae:
plural of "valva"
with a conspicuous finger-like extension along the sacculussacculus:
the ventral margin of the male valva 
; and a well-sclerotized juxta. Female genitalia are characterized by a bowl-shaped sterigmasterigma:
the sclerotized region surrounding the female ostium bursae 
and a corpus bursaecorpus bursae:
a dilated membranous sac at the anterior end of the bursa copulatrix
without signasigna:
plural of "signum"
.
The following account is summarized from Swatschek (1958)Swatschek (1958):
Swatschek, B. 1958. Die larval systematik der wickler (Tortricidae und Carposinidae) aus dem zoologischen Institut der Universitat Erlangen. Akademie-Verlag, Berlin. 269 pp. [Abhandlungen zur larvalsystematik Insekten 3.].
Head, prothoracic shieldprothoracic shield:
a sclerotized plate on the dorsal surface of the prothorax 
brownish-yellow, body yellowish, pinaculapinacula:
flattened sclerotized plates on a caterpillar that bear the setae
weakly developed; SV group on A1, 2, 7, 8, 9 typically 3:2:1:1:1.
A more complete description of larval chaetotaxychaetotaxy:
the arrangement of setae (in reference to Lepidoptera larvae), often depicted on a "setal map"
is available in Swatschek (1958).
Similar forewing patterns exist in some species of Olethreutes, such as O. astrologana, but the genitalia are distinct.
In the UK, eggs are laid in mid summer, with larvae hatching shortly afterwards. Larvae roll a single leaf of the host plant and feed on the leaf from within. Swatschek (1958)Swatschek (1958):
Swatschek, B. 1958. Die larval systematik der wickler (Tortricidae und Carposinidae) aus dem zoologischen Institut der Universitat Erlangen. Akademie-Verlag, Berlin. 269 pp. [Abhandlungen zur larvalsystematik Insekten 3.] and Kuznetsov (1973) reported that this species feeds on fruits and seeds and only rolls leaves to pupate or as a shelter after feeding. Pupae overwinter in the soil, emerging from May to early July. A second generation may occur if conditions are suitable.
Pseudargyrotoza conwagana is oligophagous on plants in the family Oleaceae. A record from Berberis requires confirmation, as this would represent a second host plant family for this species.
| Host plant | Host plant family | Reference(s) |
| Berberis vulgaris | Berberidaceae | Disque 1908Disque 1908: Disque, H. 1908. Versuch einer microlepidopterologischen Botanik. Deutsch Entomologische Zeitschrift Iris. 21: 34-147.; Bradley et al. 1973Bradley et al. 1973: Bradley, J. D., Tremewan, W. G., Smith, A. 1973. British Tortricoid Moths, Cochylidae and Tortricidae: Tortricinae. The Ray Society, London. 251 pp. |
| Fraxinus excelsior | Oleaceae | Bradley et al. 1973Bradley et al. 1973: Bradley, J. D., Tremewan, W. G., Smith, A. 1973. British Tortricoid Moths, Cochylidae and Tortricidae: Tortricinae. The Ray Society, London. 251 pp. |
| Fraxinus sp. | Oleaceae | Meyrick MS 1938Meyrick MS 1938: Meyrick MS 1938. Unpublished manuscript by E. Meyrick at BMNH, data captured by Gaeden Robinson.; Emmet 1992Emmet 1992: Emmet, A.M. 1992. Life history and habits of the British Lepidoptera. Pp. 61-300. In : Emmet, A.M., Heath, J. (eds.), The Moths and Butterflies of Great Britain and Ireland, 7. 400 pp., Harley Books, Colchester. |
| Ligustrum sp. | Oleaceae | Meyrick MS 1938Meyrick MS 1938: Meyrick MS 1938. Unpublished manuscript by E. Meyrick at BMNH, data captured by Gaeden Robinson.; Bradley et al. 1973Bradley et al. 1973: Bradley, J. D., Tremewan, W. G., Smith, A. 1973. British Tortricoid Moths, Cochylidae and Tortricidae: Tortricinae. The Ray Society, London. 251 pp.; Emmet 1992Emmet 1992: Emmet, A.M. 1992. Life history and habits of the British Lepidoptera. Pp. 61-300. In : Emmet, A.M., Heath, J. (eds.), The Moths and Butterflies of Great Britain and Ireland, 7. 400 pp., Harley Books, Colchester. |
| Syringa sp. | Oleaceae | Bradley et al. 1973Bradley et al. 1973: Bradley, J. D., Tremewan, W. G., Smith, A. 1973. British Tortricoid Moths, Cochylidae and Tortricidae: Tortricinae. The Ray Society, London. 251 pp. |
View full screen host table here
Pseudargyrotoza conwagana occurs throughout much of the Holarctic region, with records from most of Europe, as well as Russia, Turkey, China, South Korea, and Japan (Byun et al. 2003Byun et al. 2003:
Byun, B., Yan, S., Li, C.-D. 2003. Revision of Tribe Archipini (Tortricidae: Tortricinae) in Northeast China. Journal of Forestry Research. 14: 93-102.).
