Native
Hedya chionosema (Zeller) (Tortricidae: Olethreutinae: Olethreutini)
Common names: white-spotted Hedya moth, twin-spotted budworm
FWL: 6.5-8.5 mm
Head orange-brown; thorax silver-gray, orange-brown anteriorly, thoracic tuft present; forewing with ground color silver-gray with dark brown to black fasciaefasciae:
plural of "fascia"
; a white semicircular costal patch present; male without forewing costal foldforewing costal fold:
a flap or fold at the base of the forewing that contains specialized sex scales
; hindwing dark gray or brown.
Male genitalia are characterized by a broad, triangular uncusuncus:
a sclerotized process which is fused to the posterodorsal margin of tergum IX
; sociisocii:
a pair of lightly sclerotized setose lobes
similar in shape to uncusuncus:
a sclerotized process which is fused to the posterodorsal margin of tergum IX, fused; narrow, curved valvaevalvae:
plural of "valva"
with small nub-like extension on dorsaldorsal:
upper, to the top, on the back 
margin. Female genitalia are characterized by a broad, plate-like sterigmasterigma:
the sclerotized region surrounding the female ostium bursae 
with strong anterolateral sclerotizations and two small, tack-like signasigna:
plural of "signum"
.
The following account is summarized from MacKay (1959)MacKay (1959):
MacKay, M. R. 1959. Larvae of the North American Olethreutidae (Lepidoptera). Canadian Entomologist, Supplement 10: 1-338..
Mature larva approximately 14 mm in length; width of head approximately 1.2 mm; head, prothoracic shieldprothoracic shield:
a sclerotized plate on the dorsal surface of the prothorax 
, body, and anal shieldanal shield:
a sclerotized plate on the dorsal surface of the last abdominal segment (in larvae) 
entirely bright green except for areas surrounding seta SD1 on prothoracic shieldprothoracic shield:
a sclerotized plate on the dorsal surface of the prothorax and laterallateral:
to the side
setae on prothoraxprothorax:
the most anterior thoracic segment
, which are on dark brown or black pinaculapinacula:
flattened sclerotized plates on a caterpillar that bear the setae
; anal fork present, moderately developed; SV group on A1, 2, 7, 8, 9 typically 2:2:2:2:1.
Detailed figures of larval chaetotaxychaetotaxy:
the arrangement of setae (in reference to Lepidoptera larvae), often depicted on a "setal map"
are available in MacKay (1959)MacKay (1959):
MacKay, M. R. 1959. Larvae of the North American Olethreutidae (Lepidoptera). Canadian Entomologist, Supplement 10: 1-338..
Hedya chionosema is unlikely to be confused with any other North American tortricid. The gray forewing with a white semicircular costal patch is unique.
The following account is summarized from Chapman & Lienk (1971).
There is a single generation per year throughout most of the range of H. chionosema; a second generation may occur in Florida and Louisiana, but this requires confirmation. Adults are active from late June to mid-August, the flight beginning slightly earlier in the south. Larvae feed in a nest of tied leaves of the host plant, where they overwinter. In New York, feeding resumes in late May to early June, after which time larvae pupate and adults eclose soon after.
Adults are commonly attracted to certain sesiid and tortricid pheromone lures. Larval rearing records are exclusively from members of Rosaceae, including apple (Malus spp.), hawthorn (Crataegus spp.), and crabapple (Pyrus coronaria).
| Host plant | Host plant family | Reference(s) |
| Amelanchier sp. | Rosaceae | Heinrich 1926Heinrich 1926: Heinrich, C. 1926. Revision of the North American moths of the subfamilies Laspeyresiinae and Olethreutinae. Bulletin of the United States National Museum. 132: 1-216.; MacKay 1959MacKay 1959: MacKay, M. R. 1959. Larvae of the North American Olethreutidae (Lepidoptera). Canadian Entomologist, Supplement 10: 1-338.; Chapman & Lienk 1971; Miller 1987aMiller 1987a: Miller, W. E. 1987a. Guide to the Olethreutine moths of midland North America (Tortricidae). USDA Forest Service Agriculture Handbook 660: 1-104. |
| Crataegus sp. | Rosaceae | Heinrich 1926Heinrich 1926: Heinrich, C. 1926. Revision of the North American moths of the subfamilies Laspeyresiinae and Olethreutinae. Bulletin of the United States National Museum. 132: 1-216.; MacKay 1959MacKay 1959: MacKay, M. R. 1959. Larvae of the North American Olethreutidae (Lepidoptera). Canadian Entomologist, Supplement 10: 1-338.; Chapman & Lienk 1971; Godfrey et al. 1987Godfrey et al. 1987: Godfrey, G. L., Cashatt, E. D., Glenn, M. O. 1987. Microlepidoptera from the Sandy Creek and Illinois River Region: A annotated checklist of the suborders Dacnonypha, Monotrysia, and Ditrysia (in part) (Insecta). Spec. Publ. 7. Illinois Natural History Survey. |
| Malus coronaria | Rosaceae | Chapman & Lienk 1971 |
| Malus pumila | Rosaceae | Chapman & Lienk 1971 |
| Malus sp. | Rosaceae | Heinrich 1926Heinrich 1926: Heinrich, C. 1926. Revision of the North American moths of the subfamilies Laspeyresiinae and Olethreutinae. Bulletin of the United States National Museum. 132: 1-216. |
| Pyrus communis | Rosaceae | MacKay 1959MacKay 1959: MacKay, M. R. 1959. Larvae of the North American Olethreutidae (Lepidoptera). Canadian Entomologist, Supplement 10: 1-338. |
| Pyrus sp. | Rosaceae | Chapman & Lienk 1971; Miller 1987aMiller 1987a: Miller, W. E. 1987a. Guide to the Olethreutine moths of midland North America (Tortricidae). USDA Forest Service Agriculture Handbook 660: 1-104. |
| Quercus rubra | Fagaceae | Prentice 1966Prentice 1966: Prentice, R. M. 1966. Vol. 4. Microlepidoptera. In : Forest Lepidoptera of Canada recorded by the Forest Insect Survey. Dept. For. Canada Publ. 1142: 543-840. |
| Sorbus sp. | Rosaceae | Prentice 1966Prentice 1966: Prentice, R. M. 1966. Vol. 4. Microlepidoptera. In : Forest Lepidoptera of Canada recorded by the Forest Insect Survey. Dept. For. Canada Publ. 1142: 543-840. |
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Hedya chionosema is broadly distributed in eastern North America, from New Brunswick to Manitoba, south to Florida, Louisiana, and Oklahoma. This species appears to be much less common in the southern United States.
