Anastrepha zenildae

Description

Typical of Anastrepha larvae with the following specific characteristics for the third instar:

Body. Body length 8.8-10.5 mm; width (at A6) 1.2-1.7 mm.

Head. Stomal organ: cylindrical, height 5.7-8.4 um. Number of oral ridges 8-10, posterior margins irregularly serrated, accessory plates present in series of two at ends of most oral ridges.

Cephalopharyngeal skeleton. Mandible: Length from tip of mandible to end of ventral cornu 1.09-1.59 mm; mandible length a 0.16-0.28 mm; length b 0.17‒0.21 mm; height c 0.17‒0.21 mm; ratio a:c 0.9-1.3. Primary tooth usually long and sharp, but sometimes short and rounded. Mandible concave ventrally, surface of concavity smooth. Length of hypopharyngeal sclerite 0.18‒0.20 mm, width 0.19‒0.23 mm at ventral bridge [measured in squashed preparations]. Epipharyngeal sclerite visible only in dorsal view, with medial lobe directed anteriorly. Labial sclerite short, robust, fairly well sclerotized, horseshoe-shaped in dorsal view.

Dorsal cornu usually with well-defined sclerotized area, ranging 0.36-0.53 in length, but 0.60-0.81 mm when including hyaline area. Dorsal bridge prominently projecting anteriorly from dorsal cornu and slightly sclerotized. Height of dorsal arch 0.36‒0.41 mm. Anterior sclerite irregularly shaped and sclerotized. Length of cornu notch 0.27‒0.31 mm; and cornu notch index 0.7-0.8.

Ventral cornu with poorly defined sclerotized area. Pharyngeal filter with weakly sclerotized anterior bar and 9-10 ridges forming series of grooves along length of ventral cornu. Length of ventral cornu 0.66‒0.91 mm from pharyngeal bar to posterior end of grooves; 1.7‒1.8 times as long as sclerotized area of dorsal cornu.

Spinules and creeping welts. Dorsal spinules always on T1-T2, sometimes on T3; 4-6 spinules on T1, 4-5 on T2, 0-2 on T3. Spinules conical, symmetrical to slightly curved posteriorly, in discontinuous rows of variable length.

Ventral spinules on T1-A8; 6-11 spinules on T1, 5-7 on T2, 3-5 on T3, 6-8 on A1, 10-12 on A2, 11-12 on A3, 11-14 on A4, 12-13 on A5, 11-14 on A6, 11-13 on segments A7-A8.

Anterior spiracles. Height of anterior spiracles 121-180 um at midline; basal width 106-137 um (at junction with trachea), distal width 193-261 um. Number of anterior spiracular tubules 11-16, in a single row. Length of tubules ranges 19-31 um; basal width 11-17 um, distal width 15-20 um. 

Caudal segment (A8) and anal lobes. Tubercle D1 distinctly anterior to D2. Intermediate tubercles I1 and I2 more strongly developed and associated sensilla weakly developed; I2 lateral and sometimes slightly ventral to I1. L1 and V1 and V2 very weakly developed. D1 and I1 associated with weakly developed sensilla. Anal lobes surrounded by band of spinules with 3-4 irregular rows anterior and posterior to lobes.

Posterior spiracles. Spiracular openings 85.3‒108.4 mm long; 17.4‒21.8 mm wide; ratio of length / width 4.5‒4.9. Ecdysial scar apparent. Felt chamber oval, 127.3‒148.2 mm in diameter (at junction with trachea). Number of trunks per spiracular process ranges 5-17; number of tips per process ranges 10-43. Spiracular process SP-I with 9‒16 trunks, 30‒43 tips; ratio of tips / trunks 2.5‒2.6; basal width 22.9‒34.4 mm; ratio of basal width / length of spiracular opening ~0.3. SP-II with 5‒9 trunks, 10‒17 tips. SP-III with 5‒11 trunks, 17‒24 tips. SP-IV with 9‒14 trunks, 26‒35 tips; ratio tips / trunks 2.5-2.8; basal width 20.3‒33.9 mm; ratio basal width / length of spiracular opening ~0.3. Average spiracular process length ~0.4 length of spiracular opening.

 

Dutra et al. (2018) emphasize the following characters as being useful for differentiating A. zenildae from related Anastrepha species:

Abdominal dorsal spinules absent

Segments A5-A7 with different numbers of ventral spinules

Number of oral ridges 8-10

Cephalopharyngeal skeleton length 1.09-1.59 mm

Mandible length b 0.17‒0.21 mm; height c 0.17‒0.21 mm

Number of anterior spiracle tubules 11-16

Posterior spiracle with 30-43 tips on SP-I, 26-35 tips on SP-IV.

Host plants

Family	Genus
Myrtaceae	Psidium

 

Part of plant attacked: fruit.

Biogeographic region and distribution

Neotropical

South America: Brazil (Ceara, Bahia, Sao Paulo, Rio Grande do Norte), Argentina.

Adult taxonomy

Anastrepha zenildae Zucchi
Anastrepha zenildae Zucchi 1979: 40.—Brazil. Ceara:
Pacajus. HT ♀️ USP.

References

Dutra, V. S., Ronchi-Teles, B., Steck, G. J., Araujo, E. L., Souza-Filho, M. F., Raga, A., and Silva, J. G. 2018. Description of larvae of three Anastrepha species in the fraterculus group (Diptera: Tephritidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 120: 708-724.

White, I. M. and M. M. Elson-Harris. 1992. Fruit Flies of Economic Significance: Their Identification and Bionomics. International Institute of Entomology, London. xii + 601 p.