Gonophora Chevrolat 1836: 390

Synonomys

Gonophora Baly 1858: 109.

Distolaca Baly 1858: 116 (in part).

Type Species

Hispa haemorrhoidalis Weber.

Diagnosis

Gonophora can be distinguished by the following combination of characters:

• lateral margin of pronotumpronotum:
  occupies all of dorsal part of the prothorax; in anterior angles or posterior angles there may be a small tubercle or pore with a seta
  and elytra without long, stiff spines
• head without frontal horn between antennae, clypeusclypeus:
  usually quadrangular, elongate; joined to the labrum
  well-developed
• body broad, subparallel
• pronotum pronotum:
  occupies all of dorsal part of the prothorax; in anterior angles or posterior angles there may be a small tubercle or pore with a seta
  with seta in each posterior angle, quadrate, narrowly margined laterally
• elytra without scutellar row of punctures, with 8 rows of punctures at base, lateral margin straight, tricostate
• tarsi with 2 claws

Description

Body elongate; subparallel; coarsely sculptured; color yellow, brown or reddish; total length 4.5 to 6.1 mm.

Head: small; vertexvertex:
occupies the area behind and between the eyes
impunctate; small carina present between antennal bases; clypeusclypeus:
usually quadrangular, elongate; joined to the labrum
well-developed; labrumlabrum:
triangular, joined to the clypeus and the oral orifice
very large, with transverse carina; maxillary palps elongate, palpomeres 2 and 3 subequal in length, 4 longer, acuminate; eyeeye:
elongate, slightly prominent, multifaceted; usually slightly kidney-shaped
convex.

Antenna: ½ body length; thickening to apex; antennomeres 1 and 2 rounded, often different color from remainder; 3 to 6 elongate, cylindrical, punctate; 3 as long as 1 and 2 combined; 7 to 11 subequal in length, with setae.

Pronotum: quadrate; convex; lateral margin rounded, often serrate; anterior angle emarginate; posterior angle acute; posterior margin bisinuate; surface roughly, closely punctate, punctures sometimes coalescing; transverse basal impression present.

Scutellum: small; narrow; elongate.

Elytron: lateral margin straight, often serrate; exterior apical angle rounded or angulate; with 8 rows of punctures at base, sometimes with 7 medially; tricostate, costa 1 most developed, 2 interrupted medially, 3 interrupted in several places.

Leg: short; robust; tibiatibia:
variable in length; joins femur and tarsus
longer than tarsi; tarsi with 2 claws.

Distribution

Bangladesh, Cambodia, China, Fiji, India, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam.

World Fauna

Described species: 53 (Staines 2012). Key: Gressitt 1950, 1957b, 1963; Uhmann 1955a; Chen et al. 1986; Kimoto 1999.

Hosts

Canna (Cannaceae); Musa (Musaceae); Orchidaceae; Alpinia, Amomum, Curcuma, Elettaria, Hedychium, Nicolaia, Zingiber (Zingiberaceae).

References

Baly, J. S. 1858. Catalogue of Hispidae in the collection of the British Museum. London, 172 pp.

Chen, S. H., P. Y. Yu, C. H. Sun, C. H. T'an, & Y. Zia. 1986. Fauna Sinica (Insecta: Coleoptera: Hispidae). Science Press, Beijing. 653 pp.

Chevrolat, L. A. A. 1836. in P. F. M. A. Dejean, Catalogue des Coléoptères de la collection de M. le comte Dejean. Troisième edition, revue, corrigée et augmentée, livr. 5, pp. 385‑503. Mequignon-Marvis. Paris.

Gressitt, J. L. 1950. The hispine beetles of China (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Lingnan Science Journal 23(1-2):53-142.

Gressitt, J. L. 1957b. Hispine beetles from the South Pacific (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Nova Guinea n. s. 8:205‑324.

Gressitt, J. L. 1963. Hispine beetles (Chrysomelidae) from New Guinea. Pacific Insects 5:591‑714.

Kimoto, S. 1999. Chrysomelidae (Coleoptera) of Thailand, Cambodia, Laos and Vietnam. VI. Hispinae. Bulletin of the Institute of Comparative Studies of International Cultures and Societies 23: 59-159.

Staines, C. L. 2012. Tribe Gonophorini. Catalog of the hispines of the world (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cassidinae). http://entomology.si.edu/Collections_Coleoptera.html

Uhmann, E. 1955a. Gonophorini, besonders von den Philippinen. Philippine Journal of Science 84:229‑251.