Estigmena Hope 1840: 174

Synonomys

Estigmene Hope (misspelling).

Type Species

Estigmena chinensis Hope 1840.

Diagnosis

Estigmena can be distinguished by the following combination of characters:

• body more or less cylindrical
• lateral margin of pronotumpronotum:
  occupies all of dorsal part of the prothorax; in anterior angles or posterior angles there may be a small tubercle or pore with a seta
  and elytra without long, stiff spines
• head without frontal horn between antennae
• pronotum pronotum:
  occupies all of dorsal part of the prothorax; in anterior angles or posterior angles there may be a small tubercle or pore with a seta
  with seta in each anterior angle
• apex of elytra without tooth-like projection
• elytra without costae apically
• antennae not thickened apically, apical 4 antennomeres similar to others
• labrum labrum:
  triangular, joined to the clypeus and the oral orifice
  small with clumps of setae as well as row of setae along anterior margin
• mentum a regular octagon

Description

Large (10 to 16 mm); elongate; parallel-sided; convex.

Head: large; eyeeye:
elongate, slightly prominent, multifaceted; usually slightly kidney-shaped
large, oval; with tubercle at base of antennaantenna:
3 to 11 segments, inserted in antennal pit in front of eyes
; labrumlabrum:
triangular, joined to the clypeus and the oral orifice
small with clumps of setae as well as row of setae along anterior margin; mentum octagonal; mandible large; maxillary palps with palpomeres 2 and 3 obconic, 4 elongate oval, as long as 2 and 3 combined.

Antenna: stout; cylindrical; filiform; ½ body length; with 11-antennomeres; antennomere 1 thick; 2 globose; 3 obconic, subequal in length to 1; 4 to 10 subequal in length; 11 longer than 10, obtusely rounded at apex.

Pronotum: quadrate; lateral margin slightly rounded medially; anterior margin slightly curved toward head, sinuate and emarginate medially.

Scutellum: sharply pointed at apex.

Elytron: elongate; lateral margin straight, smooth; exterior apical angle rounded; apex rounded; regularly punctate-striate; interspaces smooth apically.

Venter: prosternumprosternum:
contains two anterior coxal cavities
narrow, slightly convex; mesosternummesosternum:
narrow between middle coxae, separated from metasternum by a transverse suture; forming the anterior part of the middle coxal cavities
as wide as prosternumprosternum:
contains two anterior coxal cavities
.

Leg: short; robust; femora unarmed.

Distribution

Bangladesh, Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Laos, Myanmar, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam.

World Fauna

Described species: 6 (Staines 2012). Key: Maulik 1919, Gressitt & Kimoto 1963a, Abdullah & Qureshi 1969, Chen et al. 1986, Medvedev 1992b, Kimoto 1999.

Hosts

Bambusa, Cephalostachyrum, Dendrocalamus, Giganthochloa, Schizostachyum (Poaceae).

References

Abdullah, M. & S. S. Qureshi. 1969. A key to the Pakistani genera and species of Hispinae and Cassidinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), with description of new species from West Pakistan including economic importance. Pakistan Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research 12:95-104.

Chen, S. H., P. Y. Yu, C. H. Sun, C. H. T'an, & Y. Zia. 1986. Fauna Sinica (Insecta: Coleoptera: Hispidae). Science Press, Beijing. 653 pp.

Gressitt, J. L. & S. Kimoto. 1963a. The Chrysomelidae (Coleopt.) of China and Korea. Part 2. Pacific Insects Monograph 1B:301‑1026.

Hope, F. W. 1840. The Coleopterist’s Manual. Part 3. J. C. Bridgewater. London. 191 pp.

Kimoto, S. 1999. Chrysomelidae (Coleoptera) of Thailand, Cambodia, Laos and Vietnam. VI. Hispinae. Bulletin of the Institute of Comparative Studies of International Cultures and Societies 23: 59-159.

Maulik, S. 1919. Hispinae and Cassidinae of India, Burma and Ceylon. The fauna of British India. Taylor & Francis, London. 439 pp.

Medvedev, L. N. 1992b. Revision of the subfamily Hispinae (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae) in the fauna of Vietnam. Part 1. pp. 127-156 In L. N. Medvedev (ed). Systematization and ecology of insects of Vietnam. Nauka, Moscow. 264 pp. [in Russian]

Staines, C. L. 2012. Tribe Anisoderini. Catalog of the hispines of the world (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cassidinae). http://entomology.si.edu/Collections_Coleoptera.html