| PLANT FAMILY | PLANT SPECIES | PLANT COMMON NAME | ASSOCIATED PEST | REFERENCE | LINK |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pinaceae | Abies amabilis | Pacific silver fir | Zeiraphera canadensis |
Prentice 1966 Prentice 1966 Prentice, R. M. 1966. Vol. 4. Microlepidoptera. In: Forest Lepidoptera of Canada recorded by the Forest Insect Survey. Dept. For. Canada Publ. 1142: 543-840. |
Zeiraphera canadensis |
| Pinaceae | Abies balsamea | balsam fir | Zeiraphera canadensis |
Pilon 1965 Pilon 1965 Pilon, J. G. 1965. Bionomics of the spruce budworm, Zeiraphera ratzeburgiana (Ratz.) (Lepidoptera: Olethreutidae). Phytoprotection. 46: 5-16. ; Prentice 1966 Prentice 1966 Prentice, R. M. 1966. Vol. 4. Microlepidoptera. In: Forest Lepidoptera of Canada recorded by the Forest Insect Survey. Dept. For. Canada Publ. 1142: 543-840. ; Miller 1987a Miller 1987a Miller, W. E. 1987a. Guide to the Olethreutine moths of midland North America (Tortricidae). USDA Forest Service Agriculture Handbook 660: 1-104. |
Zeiraphera canadensis |
| Pinaceae | Abies grandis | grand fir | Zeiraphera canadensis |
Prentice 1966 Prentice 1966 Prentice, R. M. 1966. Vol. 4. Microlepidoptera. In: Forest Lepidoptera of Canada recorded by the Forest Insect Survey. Dept. For. Canada Publ. 1142: 543-840. |
Zeiraphera canadensis |
| Pinaceae | Abies sp. | fir | Zeiraphera canadensis |
Heinrich 1923b Heinrich 1923b Heinrich, C. 1923b. Revision of the North American moths of the subfamily Eucosminae of the family Olethreutidae. Bulletin of the United States National Museum. 123: 1-298. ; Prentice 1966 Prentice 1966 Prentice, R. M. 1966. Vol. 4. Microlepidoptera. In: Forest Lepidoptera of Canada recorded by the Forest Insect Survey. Dept. For. Canada Publ. 1142: 543-840. |
Zeiraphera canadensis |
| Pinaceae | Picea abies | Norway spruce | Zeiraphera canadensis |
Prentice 1966 Prentice 1966 Prentice, R. M. 1966. Vol. 4. Microlepidoptera. In: Forest Lepidoptera of Canada recorded by the Forest Insect Survey. Dept. For. Canada Publ. 1142: 543-840. |
Zeiraphera canadensis |
| Pinaceae | Picea engelmannii | Engelmann spruce | Zeiraphera canadensis |
Prentice 1966 Prentice 1966 Prentice, R. M. 1966. Vol. 4. Microlepidoptera. In: Forest Lepidoptera of Canada recorded by the Forest Insect Survey. Dept. For. Canada Publ. 1142: 543-840. |
Zeiraphera canadensis |
| Pinaceae | Picea glauca | white spruce | Zeiraphera canadensis |
MacKay 1959 MacKay 1959 MacKay, M. R. 1959. Larvae of the North American Olethreutidae (Lepidoptera). Canadian Entomologist, Supplement 10: 1-338. ; Pilon 1965 Pilon 1965 Pilon, J. G. 1965. Bionomics of the spruce budworm, Zeiraphera ratzeburgiana (Ratz.) (Lepidoptera: Olethreutidae). Phytoprotection. 46: 5-16. ; Prentice 1966 Prentice 1966 Prentice, R. M. 1966. Vol. 4. Microlepidoptera. In: Forest Lepidoptera of Canada recorded by the Forest Insect Survey. Dept. For. Canada Publ. 1142: 543-840. ; Mutuura & Freeman 1966 Mutuura & Freeman 1966 Mutuura, A., Freeman, T. 1966. The North American species of the genus Zeiraphera Treitschke (Olethreutidae). Journal of Research on the Lepidoptera. 5: 153-176. ; Turgeon 1985, 1986 Turgeon 1985, 1986 Turgeon, J. J. 1985. Life cycle and behavior of the spruce budworm Zeiraphera canadensis (Lepidoptera: Olethreutidae), in New Brunswick. Canadian Entomologist. 117: 1239-1247. ; Turgeon & Regniere 1987 ; Miller 1987a Miller 1987a Miller, W. E. 1987a. Guide to the Olethreutine moths of midland North America (Tortricidae). USDA Forest Service Agriculture Handbook 660: 1-104. ; Regniere et al. 1988 Regniere et al. 1988 Regniere, J., Boulet, B., Turgeon, J.J. 1988. Sequential sampling plan with two critical levels for spruce budworm (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). Journal of Economic Entomology. 83: 220-224. ; Quiring 1992 Quiring 1992 Quiring, D.T. 1992. Rapid change in suitability of white spruce for a specialist herbivore, Zeiraphera canadensis, as function of leaf age. Canadian Journal of Zoology. 70: 2132-2138. |
Zeiraphera canadensis |
| Pinaceae | Picea mariana | black spruce | Zeiraphera canadensis |
Pilon 1965 Pilon 1965 Pilon, J. G. 1965. Bionomics of the spruce budworm, Zeiraphera ratzeburgiana (Ratz.) (Lepidoptera: Olethreutidae). Phytoprotection. 46: 5-16. ; Prentice 1966 Prentice 1966 Prentice, R. M. 1966. Vol. 4. Microlepidoptera. In: Forest Lepidoptera of Canada recorded by the Forest Insect Survey. Dept. For. Canada Publ. 1142: 543-840. ; Miller 1987a Miller 1987a Miller, W. E. 1987a. Guide to the Olethreutine moths of midland North America (Tortricidae). USDA Forest Service Agriculture Handbook 660: 1-104. |
Zeiraphera canadensis |
| Pinaceae | Picea pungens | blue spruce | Zeiraphera canadensis |
Prentice 1966 Prentice 1966 Prentice, R. M. 1966. Vol. 4. Microlepidoptera. In: Forest Lepidoptera of Canada recorded by the Forest Insect Survey. Dept. For. Canada Publ. 1142: 543-840. |
Zeiraphera canadensis |
| Pinaceae | Picea rubens | red spruce | Zeiraphera canadensis |
Prentice 1966 Prentice 1966 Prentice, R. M. 1966. Vol. 4. Microlepidoptera. In: Forest Lepidoptera of Canada recorded by the Forest Insect Survey. Dept. For. Canada Publ. 1142: 543-840. |
Zeiraphera canadensis |
| Pinaceae | Picea sitchensis | Sitka spruce | Zeiraphera canadensis |
Mutuura & Freeman 1966 Mutuura & Freeman 1966 Mutuura, A., Freeman, T. 1966. The North American species of the genus Zeiraphera Treitschke (Olethreutidae). Journal of Research on the Lepidoptera. 5: 153-176. ; Prentice 1966 Prentice 1966 Prentice, R. M. 1966. Vol. 4. Microlepidoptera. In: Forest Lepidoptera of Canada recorded by the Forest Insect Survey. Dept. For. Canada Publ. 1142: 543-840. |
Zeiraphera canadensis |
| Pinaceae | Picea sp. | spruce | Zeiraphera canadensis |
Heinrich 1923b Heinrich 1923b Heinrich, C. 1923b. Revision of the North American moths of the subfamily Eucosminae of the family Olethreutidae. Bulletin of the United States National Museum. 123: 1-298. |
Zeiraphera canadensis |
| Pinaceae | Pseudotsuga menziesii | Douglas fir | Zeiraphera canadensis |
Prentice 1966 Prentice 1966 Prentice, R. M. 1966. Vol. 4. Microlepidoptera. In: Forest Lepidoptera of Canada recorded by the Forest Insect Survey. Dept. For. Canada Publ. 1142: 543-840. |
Zeiraphera canadensis |
| Pinaceae | Tsuga heterophylla | western hemlock | Zeiraphera canadensis |
Prentice 1966 Prentice 1966 Prentice, R. M. 1966. Vol. 4. Microlepidoptera. In: Forest Lepidoptera of Canada recorded by the Forest Insect Survey. Dept. For. Canada Publ. 1142: 543-840. |
Zeiraphera canadensis |
| PLANT FAMILY | PLANT SPECIES | PLANT COMMON NAME | ASSOCIATED PEST | REFERENCE | LINK |