Comparison Chart for Species of Dactylis, Festuca, Taeniatherum & Vulpia

• Character	Dactylis glomerata	Festuca arundinacea	Festuca occidentalis	Festuca rubra ssp. rubra	Taeniatherum caput-medusae	Vulpia microstachys	Vulpia myuros
  floret picture
  lemma body length	4–7(8) mm	6–9(12) mm	4–8 mm	(4)6–7.5(8) mm	5–8 mm	3.5–9.5 mm	4.5–7.5 mm
  lemma awn length	<3 mm	<3 mm	>3 mm	mostly <3 mm	>3 mm	>3 mm	>3 mm
  lemma keeled	yes	no	no	no	no	no	no
  floret callus	blunt	blunt	blunt	blunt	± pointed	blunt	pointed
  palea apex	bifid	entire	entire	entire to minutely bifid	entire to shallowly bifid	distinctly bifid	minutely bifid
  caryopsis shape	elliptic to lanceolate or oblong	oblong	narrowly elliptic	narrowly elliptic to oblong	lanceolate to linear	lanceolate to linear	narrowly elliptic to linear
  caryopsis size	1–3.2 mm long 0.5–1 mm wide	2–4 mm long 0.9–1.6 mm wide	4.5 mm long 0.8 mm wide	2.5–4 mm long 1–1.5 mm wide	6–7 mm long 1.5 mm wide	3.5–5.5 mm long 1 mm wide	3–5 mm long 0.4–0.8 mm wide
  caryopsis apex	glabrous	glabrous	glabrous	glabrous	hairy	glabrous	glabrous