Phytophthora europaea

Name and publication

Phytophthora europaea Hansen & Jung (2002)

Jung T, Hansen EM, Winton L, Osswald W, and Delatour C. 2002. Three new species of Phytophthora from European oak forests. Mycol. Res. 106: 397–411.

Corresponding author: jung@bot.forst.tu-muenchen.de

Note: described with Phytophthora psychrophila and Phytophthora uliginosa

Nomenclature

from Jung et al. (2002)

Mycobank

MB484596

Etymology

‘Europaea’ commemorates the international research project supported by the European Union (‘Pathoak’ FAIR 5-CT97±3926) during which most isolates used for this species description were recovered.

Typification

Type: FRANCE, Lorraine, Forêt d'Amance, isolated from rhizosphera of Quercus robur, April 1998, T. Jung (OSC 86347)

Ex-type: CBS 109049, IFB-EUR 2

Sequences for ex-type in original manuscript: Phytophthora europaea CBS 109049, IFB-EUR 2 = ITSrDNA AF449493

Ex-type in other collections

CBS 109049 = IFB-EUR 2 = P10324 (WPC), PD 09 03282760, No Amance 1, CPHST BL 37G (Abad), 62A2 (Yang)

Molecular identification

Voucher sequences for barcoding genes (ITS rDNA and COI) of the ex-type (see Molecular protocols page)

Phytophthora europaea isolate CPHST BL 37G (= P10324 WPC) = ITS rDNA MG865488, COI MH136884

Sequences for ex-type in other sources
Position in ITS phylogenetic tree

Clade 7a

Morphological identification

adapted from Jung et al. (2002)

Colonies and cardinal temperatures

Colony morphology after 7 days on PDA, V-8, and MEA with no distinct pattern. Minimum growth temperature 3°C, optimum 21°C, and maximum 27°C.

Conditions for growth and sporulation

Sporangia and hyphal swellings are produced in non-sterile soil extract water cultures.

Asexual phase

Sporangia nonpapillate, persistent, ellipsoid, ovoid, and obpyriform (35–81 x 19–38 µm) sometimes exhibiting a tapering base, with internal and often nested proliferation. Sporangia often originated in long, sparingly branched sporangiophores widening to the point of attachment, occasionally sympodial. Hyphal swellings irregular, mostly elongated and catenulated. Chlamydospores absent.

Sexual phase

Homothallic. Oogonia smooth-walled (21–53 µm diam.), usually exhibiting a tapering and curved base, oogonial stalks and base of oogonium sometimes with spines or digitate projections; antheridia paragynous, sometimes with spine or digitate projections (10–23 L x 10–18 W 32 µm); oospores plerotic and sometimes aplerotic (20–38 µm diam.), subglobose and ellipsoid oospores occur relatively frequently. Oospores often turning golden-brown when ageing.

Most typical characters

Phytophthora europaea is characterized by the presence of oogonia exhibiting a tapering and typical curved base, and by the presence of oospores often turning golden-brown when ageing.

Additional specimen(s) evaluated

Phytophthora europaea ex-type CPHST BL 37G, duplicate of P10324 (World Phytophthora Collection), which is a duplicate of ex-type CBS 109049

Hosts and distribution

Distribution: Europe (France, Germany), North America (USA)
Substrate: soil, roots
Disease note: not associated with symptoms of oak decline; weakly aggressive to seedlings, isolated from necrotic lesion on alder root
Hosts: Quercus spp. (Fagaceae), Alnus rubra (Betulaceae)

Retrieved January 30, 2018 from U.S. National Fungus Collections Nomenclature Database.

Additional references and links

Fact sheet author

Z. Gloria Abad, Ph.D., USDA-APHIS-PPQ-S&T Beltsville Laboratory, United States of America

  • Authors: G. Abad, T. Burgess, J.C. Bienapfl, A.J. Redford, M. Coffey, L. Knight

    Last updated August 2022

    Abad ZG, Burgess T, Redford AJ, et al. 2022. IDphy: An international online resource for molecular and morphological identification of Phytophthora. Plant Disease. DOI: 10.1094/PDIS-02-22-0448-FE

    idtools.org