Name and publication
Phytophthora cryptogea Pethybr. & Laff. (1919)
Pethybridge GH and Lafferty HA. 1919. A disease of tomato and other plants caused by a new species of Phytophthora. Scient. Proc. R. Dubl. Soc. N.S. 15: 487–503.
Nomenclature
Mycobank
Synonymy
= Pythiomorpha oryzae S. Ito & Nagai, Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture of the Hokkaido Imperial University 32: 51 (1931) [MB273095]
Typification
from Pethybridge and Lafferty (1919)
Type: IRELAND, from root and stem of young tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) submitted from a nursery in the suburbs of Dublin to the Seeds and Plant Disease Division of the Irish Department of Agriculture in early summer 1916. P. cryptogea was also associated with aster and petunias. CBS H-7640 deposited to CBS by G.H. Pethybridge on Nov 1919.
Ex-type: CBS 113.19
Ex-type in other collections
CBS 113.19 = P1738 (WPC) A1, P3448 (WPC), IMI 180615, BPIC 1189, CPHST BL 16 (Abad), 61H9 (Yang)
NOTE: IMI 180615 (Ireland) no information for the host, deposit, and date for this isolate in HerbIMI.
Molecular identification
Voucher sequences for barcoding genes (ITS rDNA and COI) of the ex-type (see Molecular protocols page)
Phytophthora cryptogea isolate CPHST BL 16 (= P1738 WPC) = ITS rDNA MG865483, COI MH136878 (This is a COI sequence, but listed as cox1 in NCBI.)
Sequences for ex-type in other sources
- NCBI: Phytophthora cryptogea CPHST BL 16
- NCBI: Phytophthora cryptogea P3448
- NCBI: Phytophthora cryptogea P1738
- NCBI: Phytophthora cryptogea CBS 113.19
- NCBI: Phytophthora cryptogea CBS 113.19, ITS rDNA: AF228100, L76542
- Phytophthora DATABASE: Phytophthora cryptogea PD_01748 = P1738
- EPPO-Q-bank: Phytophthora cryptogea CBS 113.19 (BPIC 1189, IMI 180615, P1738).
- BOLDSYSTEMS: Phytophthora cryptogea OOMYA007-07 = CBS 113.19, OOMYA504-08 = CBS 113.19 (barcoding COI & ITS)
Position in ITS phylogenetic tree
Clade 8a
Morphological identification
Colonies and cardinal temperatures
Colony morphology after 7 days on PDA, V-8, and MEA faintly petaloid. Minimum growth temperature 3°C, optimum 24°C, and maximum 30°C.
Asexual phase
Sporangia nonpapillate, persistent, ellipsoid, ovoid, obpyriform, and with distorted shapes (23–38 × 35–62 µm), originated in unbranched or in simple sympodial sporangiophores. Hyphal swellings globose, subglobose, catenulate, and produced in visible networks, some with radiating hyphae. Chlamydospores absent.
Sexual phase
Heterothallic. Oogonia with smooth wall, some with tapered bases, and becoming yellow with age, 28–37 µm; antheridia amphigynous, oval or cylindrical (12–17 × 13–17 µm); oospores plerotic (24–32 µm diam) with thick walls (3.5 µm).
Most typical characters
Phytophthora cryptogea is characterized by the typical hyphal swellings that are produced in water cultures and turning to dense clusters in old cultures.
Specimen(s) evaluated
Phytophthora cryptogea ex-type CPHST BL 16 (A1), duplicate of P1738 (World Phytophthora Collection) which is a duplicate of CBS 113.19
Phytophthora cryptogea CPHST BL 139 (A2) (G. Abad selected specimen), duplicate of P1380 (World Phytophthora Collection)
Hosts and distribution
Distribution: cosmopolitan
Substrate: roots, stems, corms, leaves
Disease note: damping-off, foot rot, stem rot, leaf rot, wilt
Hosts: multiple hosts, roots/foliage, 141 genera in 49 families
Retrieved January 29, 2018 from U.S. National Fungus Collections Nomenclature Database.
Additional references and links
Note: some publications could contain isolates of closely related species in the Phytophthora cryptogea/Phytophthora drechsleri complex.
Pethybridge GH, Lafferty HA. 1919. A disease of tomato and other plants caused by a new species of Phytophthora. Scient. Proc. R. Dubl. Soc. N.S. 15: 487–503.
Hong S-B, Jee H-J, Kim S-H, and Go S-J. Evolutionary relationship among cucurbits isolates of Phytophthora cryptogea/Phytophthora drechsleri species complex and related species deduced from rDNA sequence analysis NCBI 02-FEB-2001 ITS: AF228100 (isotype) GGGGACG 1G deletion recheck
- Phytophthora DATABASE: Phytophthora cryptogea
- EPPO-Q-bank: Phytophthora cryptogea
- SMML USDA-ARS: Phytophthora cryptogea
- EPPO Global Database: Phytophthora cryptogea
- Forest Phytophthoras of the world: Phytophthora cryptogea
- CABI Invasive Species Compendium: Phytophthora cryptogea
- Encyclopedia of Life (EOL): Phytophthora cryptogea
- Index Fungorum (IF): Phytophthora cryptogea
- Plantwise Knowledge Bank: Phytophthora cryptogea
- Google All Phytophthora cryptogae
- Google Images Phytophthora cryptogae
- Google Scholar Phytophthora cryptogae
Fact sheet author
Z. Gloria Abad, Ph.D., USDA-APHIS-PPQ-S&T Beltsville Laboratory, United States of America