Phytophthora bishii Z.G. Abad, J.A. Abad & Louws (2008)

Variant spelling Phytophthora bisheria Z.G. Abad, J.A. Abad & F.J. Louws 2008

Notes: The epithet of this name was corrected in accordance with Article 60 of the ICBN.

Abad ZG, Abad JA, Coffey MD, Oudemans PV, Man in ’t Veld WA, de Gruyter H, Cunnington J, and Louws FJ. 2008. Phytophthora bisheria sp. nov., a new species identified in isolates from the Rosaceous raspberry, rose, and strawberry in three continents. Mycologia 100: 99–110.

Corresponding author: Gloria.Abad@aphis.usda.gov

from Abad et al. (2008)

Mycobank

MB505876

Etymology

named in honor of Eric Bish (1967–2000), who was a strawberry specialist in the Dept. of Horticulture-NCSU and valued collaborator on the strawberry diseases project (Dept. of Plant Pathology-NCSU)

Typification

Type: UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, North Carolina, Raleigh, from roots of strawberry (Fragraria x ananassa) in greenhouse, 16 Nov 1999, collector Z.G. Abad, BPI 878369 in Herbarium (dried culture on baby carrot agar from isolate Cg 2.3.3)

Ex-type: CBS 122081

Sequences for ex-type in original manuscript: Phytophthora bisheria isolate Cg.2.3.3 = ITS rDNA: AY241924

Ex-type in other collections

CBS 122081 = P10117 (WOC/WPC), Cg 2.3.3 (G. Abad), CPHST BL 6 (Abad), 31E6 (Yang)

Voucher sequences for barcoding genes (ITS rDNA and COI) of the ex-type (see Molecular protocols page)

Phytophthora bishii isolate CPHST BL 6 (= P10117 WPC) = ITS rDNA MG783381, COI MH136851

Selected specimen

Phytophthora bishii isolate 1-33 (Abad) = ITS rDNA AF408625

Sequences for ex-type in other sources

• NCBI: Phytophthora bisheria CPHST BL 6
• NCBI: Phytophthora bisheria P10117
• NCBI: Phytophthora bishii CBS 122081
• Phytophthora DATABASE: Phytophthora bisheria 
• EPPO-Q-bank: Phytophthora bisheria CBS 122081
• BOLDSYSTEMS: Phytophthora bisheria (barcoding COI & ITS)

Notes

• Phytophthora DATABASE: Phytophthora bisheria P10117 not available. Originally, PD had the extype Cg 2.3.3 WPC P10117 ITS FJ801281, TEF WPC P10117 PD-00066 EU080743, EU080742 WPC P10117 PD-00066, but this information has been removed (search on 7/12/13). Isolates P1620 (PD_00051) with different genes in PD and CBS 114090 = P1621 = Benson 412 with ITSrDNA and CoxI do not correspond to P. bisheria. They correspond to Phytophthora taxon pseudobisheria in progress by Z.G. Abad.
• EPPO-Q-bank: Phytophthora bisheria representative strain CBS 114090 = P1621 = Benson 412 (corresponds to P. taxon pseudobisheria G. Abad in progress). Other strain CBS 122081 is correct.

Position in ITS phylogenetic tree

Clade 2d

Colonies and cardinal temperatures

Colonies on potato dextrose agar and malt extract agar with no distinct pattern, on V8 agar with slow growth. Minimum temperature for growth is 10°C, optimum 26°C, and maximum 32°C.

Conditions for growth and sporulation

Abundant oospore production is observed on V8-A after 10 d culture in the dark. Oogonia are formed rarely in water cultures.

Asexual phase

Sporangia semipapillate, some bipapillate; persistent; ovoid, obpyriform, ovoid-obpyriform, obturbinate, globose (23 µm diam), or irregular and usually have a tapered base; a large vacuole is observed in many sporangia; sporangia are originated by direct germination of primary sporangia or individually in long unbranched sporangiophores. Sporangiophores may have hyphal swellings. Hyphal swellings sometimes present with coraloid nodose irregular shapes and hairy projections. Chlamydospores absent.

Sexual phase

Homothallic. Oogonia smooth-walled but sometimes producing irregular projections, spherical 24–46 (av. 35) µm diameter, terminal, rarely intercalary. Antheridia paragynous with broad attachment to the oogonial wall 7–11 (av. 9.5) µm, frequently with long stalk and branched. Occasionally two or three antheridia per oogonium are observed. Oospores aplerotic, rarely plerotic, 25–31 (av. 28) µm diameter, wall 4–6 (av. 5) µm thick.

Most typical characters

Phytophthora bishii can be discriminated from other taxa on the basis of the structure of the antheridia, oogonia, and oospores, and the production of typical broad attachment antheridia.

Specimen(s) evaluated

Phytophthora bishii CPHST BL 6 (Abad) =  P10117 [World Phytophthora Collection (WPC) California, USA] duplicate of the ex-type CBS 122081

Distribution: North Carolina, USA; Netherlands; Knoxfield, Australia
Substrate: roots of strawberry, roots of young rose cuttings, roots of raspberry
Disease note: Symptoms include slight yellowing and root rot. Infected cuttings are stunted, have fewer side shoots, and smaller dull green leaves that yellow and shed prematurely. Newly formed roots are rotted.
Hosts: Phytophthora bisheria has been recovered from Fragaria X ananassa (strawberry) roots in North Carolina, USA, rose in the Netherlands, and Rubus idaeus (raspberry) in Australia.

Retrieved January 19, 2018 from U.S. National Fungus Collections Nomenclature Database.

• Phytophthora DATABASE: Phytophthora bisheria
• EPPO-Q-bank: Phytophthora bisheria
• SMML USDA-ARS: Phytophthora bishii
• EPPO Global Database: Phytophthora bishii
• CABI Invasive Species Compendium: Phytophthora bisheria
• Encyclopedia of Life (EOL): Phytophthora bisheria
• Index Fungorum (IF): Phytophthora bishii
• Plantwise Knowledge Bank: Phytophthora bisheria

• Google All Phytophthora bishii
• Google Images Phytophthora bishii
• Google Scholar Phytophthora bishii
• Google All Phytophthora bisheria
• Google Images Phytophthora bisheria
• Google Scholar Phytophthora bisheria

Fact sheet author

Z. Gloria Abad, Ph.D., USDA-APHIS-PPQ-S&T Beltsville Laboratory, United States of America