Phytophthora versiformis Paap and Burgess (2017)

Paap T, Croeser L, White D, Aghighi S, Barber PA, Hardy GES, Burgess TI. 2017. Phytophthora versiformis sp nov., a new species from Australia related to P. quercina. Australasian Plant Pathology 46: 369–378.

Corresponding author: trudy.paap@fabi.up.ac.za

Mycobank

MB820727

Etymology

named after the highly variable morphology of the sporangia

Typification

Type:  AUSTRALIA, Western Australia, Williams, from rhizosphere soil of Corymbia calophylla, March 2013; collected by Trudy Paap, holotype MURU 474 (dried culture on V8A, Herbarium of Murdoch University, Western Australia)

Ex-type: CBS 142005 = TP13.46

Sequences for ex-type in original manuscript: Phytophthora versiformis strain TP13.46 = ITS KX011279, β-tubulin KX011321, HSP90 KX011256, cox1 KX011222, and NADH KX011302 

Ex-type in other collections

CBS 142005 = TP13.46

Voucher sequences for barcoding genes (ITS rDNA and COI) of the ex-type (see Molecular protocols page)

Phytophthora versiformis isolate TP13.46 = ITS rDNA KX011279,

Phytophthora versiformis isolate CPHST BL 189 (TP13.46) = COI MH477760

Sequences for ex-type in other sources

• NCBI: Phytophthora versiformis CPHST BL 189
• NCBI:  Phytophthora versiformis TP13.46
• Phytophthora DATABASE: Phytophthora versiformis
• EPPO-Q-bank: Phytophthora versiformis 
• BOLDSYSTEMS: Phytophthora versiformis

Position in ITS phylogenetic tree

Clade 3b

Genome sequence

Phytophthora versiformis strain ex-type ST_20190930 (= BL 189). Accession genome ASM1470621v1 reference, BioProject PRJNA640137, USDA-APHIS-PPQ-S&T (2020)

Colonies and cardinal temperatures

Colony morphology on V8, PDA, MEA, and CA are uniform, appressed, with regular smooth margins. Growth is very slow on all media. Minimum growth temperature 4°C, optimum 20°C, and maximum 28°C.

Conditions for growth and sporulation

Sporangia are produced in water cultures (soil extract or river water) and not observed in solid media. Oogonia are formed irregularly in single-strain culture on CA and V8 after about 20 d.

Asexual phase

Sporangia papillate or semipapillate, and often displaced; predominantly ovoid, but broad-ovoid, obpyriform, ellipsoid, globose, and distorted shapes also observed. Sporangia averaged 36.6 ± 11.2 x 24.2 ± 4.6 µm and ranged 19.7–81.1 x 14.5–36.9 µm. Sporangiophores simple, often with a swollen base, with no proliferation. Hyphal swellings of various shapes and often branched. Chlamydospores absent.

Sexual phase

Homothallic. Oogonia average 33.3 ± 2.9 µm (27.6–39 µm). Oospores thick-walled and turn golden brown on maturity, average size was 29.5 ± 2.9 µm (24.8–35.7 µm). Antheridia paragynous.

Most typical characters

The most typical features for Phytophthora versiformis are sporangia with highly variable shapes and its slow growth rate.

Specimen(s) evaluated

Australia; Western Australia all from rhizosphere soil and roots of Corymbia calophylla, collected by Trudy Paap in 2013, Williams, CBS 142005 = TP13.46; Tenterton, TP13.05; Albany, TP13.07; Marradong, TP13.14; Cape Naturaliste, TP13.29; Jurien, TP13.42; collected by Louise Croeser in Perup, March 2013, MJ5; collected by Paul Barber in Perth, March 2011, PAB11.87

Distribution: Australia
Substrate: roots, rhizosphere soil
Disease note: pathogenicity doubtful
Host: Corymbia calophylla (Myrtaceae)

Retrieved February 01, 2018 from U.S. National Fungus Collections Nomenclature Database.

Additional info:
Distribution: Western Australia
Substrate: roots and rhizosphere soil
Disease Note: can infect host, and cause small lesions on fine roots, but does not kill the host
Hosts: Corymbia calophylla

Barber PA, Paap T, Burgess TI, Dunstan WA, Hardy GES. 2013. A diverse range of Phytophthora species are associated with dying urban trees in an Australian capital city. Urban Forestry and Urban Greening 12: 569–575.

• Phytophthora DATABASE:  Phytophthora versiformis
• EPPO-Q-bank:  Phytophthora versiformis
• SMML USDA-ARS:  Phytophthora versiformis
• EPPO Global Database:  Phytophthora versiformis
• CABI Invasive Species Compendium:  Phytophthora versiformis
• Encyclopedia of Life (EOL):  Phytophthora versiformis
• Index Fungorum (IF):  Phytophthora versiformis
• Plantwise Knowledge Bank:  Phytophthora versiformis

• Google All Phytophthora versiformis
• Google Images Phytophthora versiformis
• Google Scholar Phytophthora versiformis

Fact sheet authors

Treena Burgess, Ph.D., Centre for Phytophthora Science and Management, School of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Murdoch University, Australia; Z. Gloria Abad, Ph.D., USDA-APHIS-PPQ-S&T Beltsville Laboratory, United States of America