Achatina achatina. (Photo: © H. Zell, Wikipedia)

Allopeas gracile. (Photo: © B. Frank, Jacksonville)

Allopeas gracile. (Photo: © B. Frank, Jacksonville)

Allopeas gracile. (Photo: © B. Frank, Jacksonville)

Allopeas gracile. (Photo: © B. Frank, Jacksonville)

Amphibulima patula dominicensis. (Photo: © J. Slapcinsky, Florida Museum of Natural History)

Amphibulima patula dominicensis. (Photo: © J. Slapcinsky, Florida Museum of Natural History)

Amphibulima patula dominicensis. (Photo: © Father A.J. Sanchez Munoz, Father Sanchez's Website of West Indian Natural History)

Amphibulima patula dominicensis. (Photo: © Father A.J. Sanchez Munoz, Father Sanchez's Website of West Indian Natural History)

Archachatina marginata. (Photo: © D. Robinson, USDA-APHIS-PPQ)

Archachatina marginata: note albino body. (Photo: © J. Rosillo, Wikipedia)

Archachatina marginata. (Photo: © J. Rosillo, Wikipedia)

Arianta arbustorum. (Photo: © T. Meijer, Wikimedia)

Arianta arbustorum. (Photo: © H. Svensson, Wikimedia)

Arianta arbustorum. (Photo: © B. Haynold, Wikimedia)

Arianta arbustorum. (Photo: © H. Svensson, Wikimedia)

Arianta arbustorum. (Photo: © R. Reisman, Wikimedia)

Arianta arbustorum. (Photo: © A. Salo, Wikimedia)

Ariolimax columbianus. (Photo: © B. Frank, Jacksonville)

Ariolimax columbianus. (Photo: © B. Frank, Jacksonville)

Ariolimax columbianus. (Photo: © K. Ovaska, CalPhotos)

Ariolimax columbianus. (Photo: © K. Ovaska, CalPhotos)

Ariolimax columbianus. (Photo: © K. Ovaska, CalPhotos)

Ariolimax columbianus. (Photo: © K. Ovaska, CalPhotos)

Ariolimax columbianus. (Photo: © 2001, William Leonard)

Ariolimax columbianus. (Photo: © 2004, Susan Prince)

Ariolimax columbianus. (Photo: © 2005, Bon Terra Consulting)

Ariolimax columbianus. (Photo: © R. Forsyth, Smithers, BC, Canada)

Ariolimax columbianus: genitalia. (Photo: © Mead 1943 modified by K. Weigel, University of Florida)

Ariolimax californicus: genitalia. (Photo: © Mead 1943 modified by K. Weigel, University of Florida)

Ariolimax dolichophallus: genitalia. (Photo: © Mead 1943 modified by K. Weigel, University of Florida)

Arion ater (Photo: © J.K. Lindsey, The Ecology of Commanster)

Arion ater (Photo: © Dr. Roy Anderson, MolluscIreland)

Arion ater (Photo: © Dr. Roy Anderson, MolluscIreland)

Arion ater (Photo: © Dr. Roy Anderson, MolluscIreland)

Arion ater (Photo: © K. Lenes, Wikipedia)

Arion ater (Photo: © Prashanthns, Wikipedia)

Arion ater: genitalia. (Photo: © Kerney et al. 1983 modified by K. Weigel, University of Florida)

Arion rufus. (Photo: © J.K. Lindsey, The Ecology of Commanster)

Arion rufus (Photo: © J.K. Lindsey, The Ecology of Commanster)

Arion rufus (Photo: © B. Frank, Jacksonville)

Arion rufus: Tripartite foot-dark center and pale side (Photo: © Dr. Roy Anderson, MolluscIreland)

Arion rufus: Contracted body bell-shaped. (Photo: © Dr. Roy Anderson, MolluscIreland)

Arion rufus (Photo: © Dr. Roy Anderson, MolluscIreland)

Arion rufus (Photo: © G. Brocker,Wikipedia)

Arion rufus (Photo: © Rasbak, Wikipedia)

Arion rufus: eggs. (Photo: © Rasbak, Wikipedia)

Arion rufus (Photo: © J. Herder, www.digitalnature.org)

Arion rufus (Photo: © R. Forsyth, Smithers, BC, Canada)

Arion rufus (Photo: © R. Forsyth, Smithers, BC, Canada)

Arion rufus (Photo: © R. Forsyth, Smithers, BC, Canada)

Arion rufus. (Photo:© R.J. McDonnell, University of California, Riverside)

Arion rufus. (Photo:© R.J. McDonnell, University of California, Riverside)

Arion rufus: genitalia. (Photo: © Kerney et al. 1983 modified by K. Weigel, University of Florida)

Arion vulgaris (=lusitanicus): mating pair. (Photo: © Dr. Roy Anderson, MolluscIreland)

Arion vulgaris (=lusitanicus). (Photo: © J.K. Lindsey, The Ecology of Commanster)

Arion vulgaris (=lusitanicus). (Photo: © Dr. Roy Anderson, MolluscIreland)

Arion vulgaris (=lusitanicus): mating pair. (Photo: © Dr. Roy Anderson, MolluscIreland)

Arion vulgaris (=lusitanicus). (Photo: © L. Kolouch, www.biolib.cz )

Arion vulgaris (=lusitanicus). (Photo: © H. Svensson, Wikipedia)

Arion vulgaris: genitalia. (Photo: © Kerney et al. 1983 modified by K. Weigel, University of Florida)

Arion circumscriptus. (Photo: © Dr. Roy Anderson, MolluscIreland)

Arion circumscriptus. (Photo: © Dr. Roy Anderson, MolluscIreland)

Arion circumscriptus. (Photo: © Dr. Roy Anderson, MolluscIreland)

Arion circumscriptus. (Photo: © Sanja565658, Wikipedia)

Arion circumscriptus. (Photo: © R. Forsyth, Smithers, BC, Canada)

Arion circumscriptus: genitalia. (Photo: © Kerney et al. 1983 modified by K. Weigel, University of Florida)

Arion fasciatus. (Photo: © Dr. Roy Anderson, MolluscIreland)

Arion fasciatus. (Photo: © Dr. Roy Anderson, MolluscIreland)

Arion fasciatus: contracted body (Photo: © Dr. Roy Anderson, MolluscIreland)

Arion fasciatus. (Photo: © M. Flaten, Wikipedia)

Arion fasciatus: genitalia. (Photo: © Kerney et al. 1983 modified by K. Weigel, University of Florida)

Arion silvaticus. (Photo: © Dr. Roy Anderson, MolluscIreland)

Arion silvaticus. (Photo: © Dr. Roy Anderson, MolluscIreland)

Arion silvaticus. (Photo: © Dr. Roy Anderson, MolluscIreland)

Arion silvaticus. (Photo: © J.K. Lindsey, The Ecology of Commanster)

Arion silvaticus: genitalia. (Photo: © Kerney et al. 1983 modified by K. Weigel, University of Florida)

Arion distinctus. (Photo: © Dr. Roy Anderson, MolluscIreland)

Arion distinctus. (Photo: © Dr. Roy Anderson, MolluscIreland)

Arion distinctus. (Photo: © Dr. Roy Anderson, MolluscIreland)

Arion distinctus. (Photo: © K. Ovaska, CalPhotos)

Arion distinctus. (Photo: © J.K. Lindsey, The Ecology of Commanster)

Arion distinctus: juvenile. (Photo: © J.K. Lindsey, The Ecology of Commanster)

Arion distinctus: genitalia. (Photo: © Kerney et al. 1983 modified by K. Weigel, University of Florida)

Arion hortensis group: epiphallic structures. (Photo: © Davies(1977) and Forsyth(2009) modified by K. Weigel, University of Florida)

Arion hortensis. (Photo: © V. Motycka, www.biolib.cz )

Arion hortensis: note ornage colored sole. (Photo: © Dr. Roy Anderson, MolluscIreland)

Arion hortensis. (Photo: © Dr. Roy Anderson, MolluscIreland)

Arion hortensis. (Photo: © Dr. Roy Anderson, MolluscIreland)

Arion hortensis: genitalia. (Photo: © Kerney et al. 1983 modified by K. Weigel, University of Florida)

Arion hortensis group: epiphallic structures. (Photo: © Davies(1977) and Forsyth(2009) modified by K. Weigel, University of Florida)

Arion owenii. (Photo: © Dr. Roy Anderson, MolluscIreland)

Arion owenii: note yellow sole. (Photo: © Dr. Roy Anderson, MolluscIreland)

Arion owenii. (Photo: © Dr. Roy Anderson, MolluscIreland)

Arion owenii: genitalia. (Photo: © Kerney et al. 1983 modified by K. Weigel, University of Florida)

Arion hortensis group: epiphallic structures. (Photo: © Davies(1977) and Forsyth(2009) modified by K. Weigel, University of Florida)

Arion intermedius: adult with eggs. (Photo:© K. Ovaska, CalPhotos)

Arion intermedius. (Photo:© J.K. Lindsey, The Ecology of Commanster)

Arion intermedius. (Photo:© Dr. Roy Anderson, MolluscIreland)

Arion intermedius: Contracted body not bell-shaped. (Photo:© Dr. Roy Anderson, MolluscIreland)

Arion intermedius. (Photo:© Dr. Roy Anderson, MolluscIreland)

Arion intermedius. (Photo:© R.J. McDonnell, University of California, Riverside)

Arion intermedius. (Photo:© R.J. McDonnell, University of California, Riverside)

Arion intermedius: genitalia (Photo: © modified from Kerney et al. 1983 by K. Weigel, University of Florida)

Arion subfuscus. (Photo: © J.K. Lindsey, The Ecology of Commanster)

Arion subfuscus: breathing pore encircled by stripe. (Photo: © R. Forsyth, Smithers, BC, Canada)

Arion subfuscus. (Photo: © R. Forsyth, Smithers, BC, Canada)

Arion subfuscus. (Photo: © R. Forsyth, Smithers, BC, Canada)

Arion subfuscus. (Photo: © Dr. Roy Anderson, MolluscIreland)

Arion subfuscus. (Photo: © Dr. Roy Anderson, MolluscIreland)

Arion subfuscus. (Photo: © Dr. Roy Anderson, MolluscIreland)

Arion subfuscus. (Photo: © M. Manas, Wikipedia)

Arion subfuscus: genitalia (Photo: © K. Weigel, University of Florida)

Arion subfuscus. (Photo: © J.K. Lindsey, The Ecology of Commanster)

Arion subfuscus. (Photo: © Dr. Roy Anderson, MolluscIreland)

Arion subfuscus. (Photo: © Dr. Roy Anderson, MolluscIreland)

Arion subfuscus. (Photo: © Dr. Roy Anderson, MolluscIreland)

Arion subfuscus: breathing pore encircled by stripe. (Photo: © R. Forsyth, Smithers, BC, Canada)

Arion subfuscus. (Photo: © R. Forsyth, Smithers, BC, Canada)

Arion subfuscus. (Photo: © R. Forsyth, Smithers, BC, Canada)

Arion subfuscus. (Photo: © M. Manas, Wikipedia)

Arion subfuscus. (Photo:© R.J. McDonnell, University of California, Riverside)

Arion subfuscus. (Photo:© R.J. McDonnell, University of California, Riverside)

Arion subfuscus: genitalia (Photo: © K. Weigel, University of Florida)

Boettgerilla pallens. (Photo: © K. Ovaska, CalPhotos)

Boettgerilla pallens. (Photo: © Dr. Roy Anderson, MolluscIreland)

Boettgerilla pallens. (Photo: © Dr. Roy Anderson, MolluscIreland)

Boettgerilla pallens: pale yellow juvenile. (Photo: © Dr. Roy Anderson, MolluscIreland)

Bradybaena similaris: albino morph with stripes. (Photo: © B. Frank, Jacksonville)

Bradybaena similaris. (Photo: © B. Frank, Jacksonville)

Bradybaena similaris: feeding on fallen citrus fruit. (Photo: © B. Frank, Jacksonville)

Bradybaena similaris. (Photo: © B. Frank, Jacksonville)

Bradybaena similaris. (Photo: © B. Frank, Jacksonville)

Bradybaena similaris. (Photo: © B. Frank, Jacksonville)

Bradybaena fruticum. (Photo: © L. Kolouch, www.biolib.cz)

Bradybaena fruticum. (Photo: © M. Becker, Wikipedia)

Bradybaena fruticum. (Photo: © Aung, Wikipedia)

Bradybaena fruticum. (Photo: © Aung, Wikipedia)

Bradybaena fruticum. (Photo: © Aung, Wikipedia)

Bradybaena fruticum. (Photo: © Aung, Wikipedia)

Bulimulus guadalupensis. (Photo: © B. Frank, Jacksonville)

Bulimulus guadalupensis. (Photo: © B. Frank, Jacksonville)

Bulimulus guadalupensis. (Photo: © B. Frank, Jacksonville)

Bulimulus guadalupensis. (Photo: © B. Frank, Jacksonville)

Bulimulus guadalupensis. (Photo: © B. Frank, Jacksonville)

Bulimulus guadalupensis. (Photo: © B. Frank, Jacksonville)

Bulimulus guadalupensis. (Photo: © B. Frank, Jacksonville)

Candidula intersecta. (Photo: © Dr. Roy Anderson, MolluscIreland)

Candidula intersecta. (Photo: © Dr. Roy Anderson, MolluscIreland)

Candidula intersecta. (Photo: © M. Hitchcox, USDA-APHIS-PPQ)

Candidula intersecta. (Photo: © M. Hitchcox, USDA-APHIS-PPQ)

Candidula intersecta. (Photo: © M. Hitchcox, USDA-APHIS-PPQ)

Candidula intersecta. (Photo: © M. Hitchcox, USDA-APHIS-PPQ)

Cepaea hortensis. (Photo: © J. Novak, www.biolib.cz)

Cepaea hortensis. (Photo: © J.K. Lindsey, The Ecology of Commanster)

Cepaea hortensis. (Photo: © J.K. Lindsey, The Ecology of Commanster)