African citrus psyllid adult in characteristic feeding position; photo by S.P. van Vuuren, Citrus Research International, www.bugwood.org

African citrus psyllid feeding damage; photo courtesy of EPPO Photo Gallery, http://photos.eppo.org/index.php/search/trioza+erytreae

leaves infested with African citrus psyllids; photo courtesy of EPPO Photo Gallery, http://photos.eppo.org/index.php/search/trioza+erytreae

African citrus psyllid nymph; photo by Peter Stephen, Citrus Research International, www.bugwood.org

Argentine ant; photo by Alex Wild, http://www.alexanderwild.com

red imported fire ant; photo by April Noble. www.ipmimages.org

southern fire ant; photo by Micheal Branstetter, http://www.antweb.org/, Wikipedia

Argentine ant tending a scale; photo by Alex Wild, http://www.alexanderwild.com

Argentine ant; photo by Alex Wild, http://www.alexanderwild.com

Argentine ant; photo by Alex Wild, http://www.alexanderwild.com

Argentine ant, adults and winged alates; photo by Alex Wild, http://www.alexanderwild.com

Asian citrus psyllid eggs and nymphs; photo by Lyle Buss, Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida

Asian citrus psyllid eggs; photo by Lyle Buss, Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida

Asian citrus psyllid nypmhs; photo by Lyle Buss, Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida

Asian citrus psyllid parasitized nymph; photo by Lyle Buss, Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida

Asian citrus psyllid adult in feeding position; photo by Lyle Buss, Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida

Bactrocera sp. adult; photo by Natasha Wright, courtesy of Dr. Gary Steck, Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services.

Beet armyworm larva; photo by Alton N. Sparks, Jr., University of Georgia, www.bugwood.org

beet armyworm adult; photo by Lyle Buss, Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida

beet armyworm moth adult; photo by Paul Harris, www.bugwood.org

citrus long-horned beetle adult; photo courtesy of Pest and Diseases Image Library, www.bugwood.org

Diaprepres root weevil adult; photo by Lyle Buss, Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida

Fuller rose beetle.

Lyle Buss, Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida

Little leaf notcher adult; photo by Richard Crook, www.flickr.com

northern citrus root weevil adult; photo by Jerry A. Payne, USDA Agricultural Research Service, www.bugwood.org »

southern citrus root weevil adult; photo by Simon Rivers, www.SimonRiversPhotography.com

black citrus aphid immatures and adults; photo by Lyle Buss, Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida

black citrus aphid; photo by Lyle Buss, Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida

brown citrus aphids; photo courtesy of Florida Division of Plant Industry Archive, Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, www.bugwood.org

brown citrus aphid; photo by Paul Choate, Department of Entomology, University of Florida

brown marmorated stink bug adult; photo by Natasha Wright, Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, www.bugwood.org

diagnostic characteristics of the brown marmorated stink bug; photo by Jeff Wildonger, USDA-ARS-BIIR

brown marmorated stink bug damage to tobacco leaf; photo courtesy of R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company, www.bugwood.org

brown marmorated stink bug eggs and nymphs; photo by David R. Lance, USDA APHIS PPQ, www.bugwood.org

brown marmorated stink bug eggs; photo by Susan Ellis, www.bugwood.org

brown marmorated stink bug nymphs; photo by Gary Bernon, USDA APHIS, www.bugwood.org

beet armyworm larva; photo by Alton N. Sparks, Jr., University of Georgia, www.bugwood.org

Cabbage looper larva.

Alton N. Sparks, Jr., University of Georgia, www.bugwood.org

cirus leafminer larva; photo courtesy of UC Statewide IPM Program, University of California

citrus peelminer larva; photo by Elizabeth E. Grafton-Cardwell, UC Statewide IPM Program, University of California

cotton cutworm larva; photo by K. Kiritani, www.bugwood.org

Egyptian cottonworm larva; photo courtesy of Biologische Bundesanstalt für Land und Forstwirtschaft Archive, www.bugwood.org

false codling moth larva in citrus fruit; photo by J.H. Hofmeyr, Citrus Research International, South Africa, www.bugwood.org

giant swallowtail larva; photo by David Cappaert, Michigan State University, www.bugwood.org

light brown apple moth larva; photo by T. M. Gilligan & M. E. Epstein, LBAM ID (CSU, CDFA, and USDA APHIS PPQ CPHST)

cabbage looper larva; photo by Alton N. Sparks, Jr., University of Georgia, www.bugwood.org

newly emerged cabbage looper adult; photo by Joseph Berger, www.bugwood.org

cabbage looper adult; photo by J. C. Lucier, www.flickr.com

cabbage looper adult; photo by Lyle Buss, Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida

California red scale; photo by Lyle Buss, Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida

California red scale; photo courtesy of Florida Division of Plant Industry, Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services

California red scale; photo by Lyle Buss, Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida

California red scale; photo by Lyle Buss, Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida

California red scale; photo by Lyle Buss, Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida

female Caribbean fruit fly adult; photo by Jeffrey W. Lotz, courtesy ofDr. Gary Steck, Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services

male Caribbean fruit fly adult; photo courtesy of Florida Division of Plant Industry Archive, Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, www.bugwood.org

chilli thrips; photo by Lyle Buss, Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida

chilli thrips; photo by Lyle Buss, Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida

chilli thrips; photo by Lyle Buss, Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida

chilli thrips; photo by Lyle Buss, Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida

chilli thrips; photo by Lyle Buss, Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida

citricola scales; photo courtesy of United States National Collection of Scale Insects Photographs Archive, USDA Agricultural Research Service, www.bugwood.org

citricola scales; photo courtesy of United States National Collection of Scale Insects Photographs Archive, USDA Agricultural Research Service, www.bugwood.org

citricola scales; photo courtesy of United States National Collection of Scale Insects Photographs Archive, USDA Agricultural Research Service, www.bugwood.org

citricola scales; photo courtesy of United States National Collection of Scale Insects Photographs Archive, USDA Agricultural Research Service, www.bugwood.org

citricola scales; photo courtesy of United States National Collection of Scale Insects Photographs Archive, USDA Agricultural Research Service, www.bugwood.org

citrus blackfly adult; photo courtesy of Florida Division of Plant Industry Archive, Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, www.bugwood.org-

citrus blackfly adult and pupae; photo courtesy of Bayer Pflanzenschutz, www.bugwood.org

citrus blackfly eggs, larvae, and pupae; photo by Lyle Buss, Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida

citrus blackfly eggs, larvae, and pupae; photo by Lyle Buss, Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida

citrus blackfly eggs, larvae, and pupae; photo by Lyle Buss, Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida

leaf infested by citrus blackfly immatures; photo courtesy of Photo Library, Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida

citrus gall midge life stages - clockwise from top left: adult, eggs, pupa, larva; photo by Rita Duncan and courtesy of Dr. Raymond Gagne, University of Florida

Swede midge (Contarinia nasturtii),relative of citrus gall midge and very similar in appearance; photo by Susan Ellis, USDA APHIS PPQ, www.bugwood.org

Swede midge (Contarinia nasturtii),relative of citrus gall midge and very similar in appearance; photo by Susan Ellis, USDA APHIS PPQ, www.bugwood.org

citrus leafminer damage; photo by Jeffrey W. Lotz, Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, www.bugwood.org

citrus leafminer damage; photo by Lyle Buss, Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida

citrus leafminer pupae; photo by Jeffrey W. Lotz, Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, www.bugwood.org

citrus leafminer adult; photo by Lyle Buss, Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida

citrus leafminer adult; photo by Lyle Buss, Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida

citrus leafminer adult; photo by Lyle Buss, Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida

curled leaf edge formed by citrus leafminer larvae; photo by Jeffrey W. Lotz, Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, www.bugwood.org

citrus leafminer damage; photo by David Rosen, UC Statewide IPM Program, University of California

citrus leafminer larvae; photo courtesy of UC Statewide IPM Program, University of California

citrus long-horned beetle adult; photo courtesy of Pest and Diseases Image Library, www.bugwood.org

citrus long-horned beetle adult feeding damage; photo courtesy of Pest and Diseases Image Library, www.bugwood.org

citrus long-horned beetle emergence hole; photo courtesy of Pest and Diseases Image Library, www.bugwood.org

citrus long-horned beetle tunneling damage; photo courtesy of Pest and Diseases Image Library, www.bugwood.org

citrus mealybug; photo courtesy of United States National Collection of Scale Insects Photographs Archive, USDA Agricultural Research Service, www.bugwood.org

citrus mealybug; photo courtesy of United States National Collection of Scale Insects Photographs Archive, USDA Agricultural Research Service, www.bugwood.org

citrus mealybug; photo by Jeffrey W. Lotz, Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, www.bugwood.org

citrus mealybug; photo by Charles Olsen, USDA APHIS PPQ, www.bugwood.org

citrus mealybug; photo by Lyle Buss, Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida

citrus mealybug adult male; photo by Lyle Buss, Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida

citrus peelminer adult; photo by Jack Clark, University of California Davis, ANR Communication Services

citrus peelminer damage to developing fruit; photo by David Rosen, UC Statewide IPM Program, University of California

citrus peelminer larva; photo by Elizabeth E. Grafton-Cardwell, UC Statewide IPM Program, University of California

citrus peelminer mine; photo by David Rosen, UC Statewide IPM Program, University of California

citrus peelminer pupa; photo by Elizabeth E. Grafton-Cardwell, UC Statewide IPM Program, University of California

citrus thrips; photo by Joseph Morse, University of California, Riverside, www.bugwood.net

citrus whitefly adult; photo by Lyle Buss, Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida

citrus whitefly adults; photo by Lyle Buss, Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida

coffee mealybugs; photo courtesy of USDA APHIS

coffee mealybugs; photo by Lyle Buss, Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida